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Abstract
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Visualization of tubular structures such as blood vessels is an important topic in medical imaging.
One way to display tubular structures for diagnostic purposes is to generate longitudinal cross-sections
in order to show their lumen, wall, and surrounding tissue in a curved plane. This process is called
Curved Planar Reformation (CPR). We present three different methods to generate CPR images. A tube-phantom
was scanned with Computed Tomography (CT) to illustrate the properties of the different CPR methods.
Furthermore we introduce enhancements to these methods: thick-CPR, rotating-CPR and multi-path-CPR.
Keywords: computed tomography angiography, vessel analysis, curved planar reformation
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Figures in the paper
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Figure 1:
Principle of the CPR visualization.
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Figure 2:
Different CPR generation methods: a) Projected CPR, b) Stretched CPR, c) Straightened CPR.
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Figure 3:
Iso-surface extraction of the ´Tubes Phantom´ at -224 HU.
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Figure 4:
Top to bottom: MIP, Projected CPR, Stretched CPR, Straightened CPR. Left to right: Major central-axis direction parallel to z-axis, parallel to y-axis, parallel to x-axis, in arbitrary direction.
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Figure 5:
Artificial stenosis introduced by imprecise central axis computation.
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Figure 6:
Left side: A stretched CPR of the whole data set. Middle and right side: Enlargement of the upper and lower sector. Top row to bottom row: Averaging, MIP and MinIP resampling of 0 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm.
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Figure 7:
Left to Right: MinIP of 5 mm thick slab, MIP of 0 mm thick slab, MIP of 5 mm thick slab.
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Figure 8:
Rotating Stretched CPR: 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°.
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Figure 9:
MIP compositing of multiple projected CPRs at 120° viewing direction.
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Figure 10:
Generation of multiple CPRs.
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Figure 11:
Left to right: Overview of a multiple projected CPR at 0°. Enlargement of the upper part of multiple projected CPRs at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°.
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Figure 12:
Left to right: Overview of a multiple stretched CPR at 0°. Enlargement of the upper part of multiple projected CPRs at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°.
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Additional Material
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Some presentations held on this topic:
A short collection of animations related to this work:
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BibTeX Entry
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@INPROCEEDINGS{ak02cpr,
author = {Armin Kanitsar and Dominik Fleischmann and Rainer
Wegenkittl and Petr Felkel and Meister Eduard Gr\"oller},
title = {{CPR} - {C}urved {P}lanar {R}eformation},
booktitle = {{IEEE} {V}isualization 2002},
year = {2002},
month = oct,
pages = {37--44},
keywords = {computed tomography angiography, vessel analysis,
curved planar reformation},
institution = {Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms,
Vienna University of Technology},
url = {http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/vis/adapt/},
note = {human contact: {kanitsar@cg.tuwien.ac.at}},
}
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