Data and information created by various processes (e.g., simulations) is getting larger, and more and more complex. We use interactive visualization and analysis techniques to facilitate exploration of complex parameter spaces (e.g., to analyze and compare parameters for automotive engineering, reconstruction algorithms, or geometry generators) or unstructured information collections (e.g., annotated digital documents or image collections). Our research focus lies on novel visual encodings and interaction techniques to explore a large amount of abstract data, often in combination with analytical reasoning.
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"projects": [ "BioNetIllustration", "d10206", "d10413", "d10450", "d9282", "d9522", "d9555", "deskollage", "Scenario Pool" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/show.php?class=ResearchArea&id=InfoVis", "__class": "ResearchArea" } ], "keywords": [ "Class-centric labeling", "Interactive machine learning", "Property measures", "Visual analytics", "Visual-interactive data labeling" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": "class-centric visual interactive labeling workflow", "filetitle": "teaser", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 1667, "image_height": 624, "name": "matt-2025-scv-teaser.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 254694, "path": "Publication:matt-2025-scv", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/matt-2025-scv/matt-2025-scv-teaser.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/matt-2025-scv/matt-2025-scv-teaser:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ { "id": "d9282", "workgroup_id": "vis", "drupal_id": 9282, "drupal_path": "/research/projects/JDE", "name": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "name_de": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "short_title": "JDE", "website": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/JDE", "status": "active", "short_abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
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We introduce the Visual Bias Explorer (ViBEx) to interactively explore the output space of T2I models to support the discovery of visual bias. ViBEx introduces a novel flexible prompting tree interface in combination with zero-shot bias probing using CLIP for quick and approximate bias exploration. It additionally supports in-depth confirmatory bias analysis through visual inspection of forward, intersectional, and inverse bias queries. ViBEx is model-agnostic and publicly available. In four case study interviews, experts in AI and ethics were able to discover visual biases that have so far not been described in literature.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 2578, "image_height": 1292, "name": "eschner-2025-ide-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 1659146, "path": "Publication:eschner-2025-ide", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/eschner-2025-ide/eschner-2025-ide-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/eschner-2025-ide/eschner-2025-ide-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": "title,date,projects,event,lecturer,location,number,volume", "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ { "id": 1653, "drupal_id": 1354, "orcid_id": "0009-0001-6784-8503", "website": 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many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
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This can be a difficult task if the amount of data is so large that it can not be easily examined. One effective method of quickly getting an overview of data structure is visualization, but this is not always a feasible solution with large data due to the sheer amount of data and also the potentially high dimensionality. Machine learning models can help with with the organization and classification of data, but they often require large quantities of labeled training data, which is frequently not readily available. This is why models that can reliably classify data based on only few examples for each class are an interesting topic of research. One such kind of model are prototypical networks. They utilize few samples to create an embedding space in fewer dimensions, in which similar data points cluster around a single class prototype. In this thesis, we investigate if the embedding space of a prototypical network makes for a good approach for the purpose of visualizing high-dimensional, unstructured data. The goal is to reduce the dimensionality of the data in such a way that the highdimensional relations and structures between data points are preserved, resulting in 2D representations of the data that form coherent class clusters in a scatter plot visualization. This approach is compared with, and evaluated against, other well known supervised and unsupervised dimensionality reduction techniques. 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"vis", "drupal_id": 9282, "drupal_path": "/research/projects/JDE", "name": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "name_de": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "short_title": "JDE", "website": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/JDE", "status": "active", "short_abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
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The Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration (JDE) framework offers a novel solution for analyzing large, unstructured datasets by integrating human insight with machine learning. The framework facilitates dynamic user interaction and visual exploration through three interconnected views: the data view, frame view, and knowledge view. These views enable users to align data exploration with evolving knowledge models. Implemented as a flexible, modular system using a client-server architecture, the JDE framework supports interactive data manipulation and real-time feedback. This project developed a functional prototype, the JDE sandbox, showcasing the system's potential for enhancing exploratory data analysis. 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"short_abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
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Simulated experiments reveal that cVIL with batch labeling can outperform traditional labeling approaches based on active learning. 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"projects": [ "BioNetIllustration", "d10206", "d10413", "d10450", "d9282", "d9522", "d9555", "deskollage", "Scenario Pool" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/show.php?class=ResearchArea&id=InfoVis", "__class": "ResearchArea" } ], "keywords": [ "Visual Analytics", "Interactive Machine Learning", "User Interface Design" ], "weblinks": [ { "href": "https://diglib.eg.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/c18fafcc-b4b4-4e51-bd2f-cec056c6d93a/content", "caption": "paper", "description": null, "main_file": 1 }, { "href": "https://gitlab.tuwien.ac.at/e193-02-jde/lava", "caption": "GitLab", "description": null, "main_file": 1 } ], "files": [ { "description": "Screenshot of cVIL as employed in the user study", "filetitle": "cVIL teaser", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 1104, "image_height": 449, "name": "matt-2024-cvil-cVIL teaser.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 293869, "path": "Publication:matt-2024-cvil", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/matt-2024-cvil/matt-2024-cvil-cVIL teaser.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/matt-2024-cvil/matt-2024-cvil-cVIL teaser:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ { "id": "d9282", "workgroup_id": "vis", "drupal_id": 9282, "drupal_path": "/research/projects/JDE", "name": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "name_de": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "short_title": "JDE", "website": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/JDE", "status": "active", "short_abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "start_date": "2023-05-01", "end_date": "2026-04-30", "leader_id": 1110, "logo": { "name": "logo.png", "path": "project:d9282", "type": "image/png", "size": 42258, "orig_name": "logo.png", "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/d9282/logo:thumb{{size}}.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 120, 300 ] }, "funding_organisations": [], "research_areas": [ "InfoVis" ], "publications": [ "eitler-2024-sos", "eschner-2025-ide", "indirectBiasLanguageModels-2023", "irendorfer-2024-uat", "matt-2024-cvil", "matt-2025-scv", "stoff-2025-pvu", "webGPU_aggregateVis-2023", "wolf-2024-jhd" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/JDE", "__class": "Project" } ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/matt-2024-cvil/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "irendorfer-2024-uat", "type_id": "masterthesis", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/202525", "title": "User Approaches to Knowledge Externalization in Visual Analytics of Unstructured Data", "date": "2024", "abstract": "Traditional machine learning approaches for analyzing large unstructured data often depend on labelled training data and well-defined target definitions. However, these may not be available or feasible when dealing with unknown and unstructured data. It requires human reasoning and domain knowledge to interpret it. Interactive systems that combine human analytical abilities with machine learning techniques can address this limitation. However, to incorporate human knowledge in such systems, we need a better understanding of the semantic information and structures that users observe and expect while exploring unstructured data, as well as how they make their tacit knowledge explicit. This thesis aims to narrow the gap between human cognition and (knowledge-assisted) visual analytics. In a qualitative and exploratory user study, this thesis investigates how individuals explore a large unstructured dataset and which strategies they apply to externalize their mental models. By analyzing users' externalized mental models, we aim to better understand how their knowledge evolves during data exploration. We evaluate the comprehensiveness, detail and evolution of users' external knowledge representations by applying quantitative and qualitative methods, including a crowdsourcing step. The results show that users' externalized structures are able to represent a given dataset comprehensively and to a high degree of detail. While these knowledge representations are highly subjective and show various individual differences, we could identify structural similarities between individuals. In addition to the insights about how users externalize their tacit knowledge during data exploration, we propose design guidelines for (knowledge-assisted) visual analytics systems.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": "projects", "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ { "id": 5399, "drupal_id": null, "orcid_id": null, "website": null, "firstname": "Max", "lastname": "Irendorfer", "searchname": "Max Irendorfer", "is_teacher": false, "name": "Max Irendorfer", "publications": [ "irendorfer-2024-uat" ], "publications_first": [], "project_leader": [], "publication_field": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/show.php?class=Author&id=5399", "__class": "Author" } ], "doi": "10.34726/hss.2024.115066", "open_access": "yes", "pages": "80", "supervisor": [ { "id": 1110, "drupal_id": 625, "orcid_id": "0000-0003-1387-5132", "website": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/staff/ManuelaWaldner", "firstname": 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", "abstract": "Data and information created by various processes (e.g., simulations) is getting larger, and more and more complex. We use interactive visualization and analysis techniques to facilitate exploration of complex parameter spaces (e.g., to analyze and compare parameters for automotive engineering, reconstruction algorithms, or geometry generators) or unstructured information collections (e.g., annotated digital documents or image collections). Our research focus lies on novel visual encodings and interaction techniques to explore a large amount of abstract data, often in combination with analytical reasoning.
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"projects": [ "BioNetIllustration", "d10206", "d10413", "d10450", "d9282", "d9522", "d9555", "deskollage", "Scenario Pool" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/show.php?class=ResearchArea&id=InfoVis", "__class": "ResearchArea" } ], "keywords": [ "Knowledge Externalization", "Knowledge-Assisted Visualization", "Visual Analytics", "Unstructured Data", "Concept Maps", "Mental Models", "User Study", "Data Exploration" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "thesis", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "irendorfer-2024-uat-thesis.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 1981913, "path": "Publication:irendorfer-2024-uat", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/irendorfer-2024-uat/irendorfer-2024-uat-thesis.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/irendorfer-2024-uat/irendorfer-2024-uat-thesis:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ { "id": "d9282", "workgroup_id": "vis", "drupal_id": 9282, "drupal_path": "/research/projects/JDE", "name": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "name_de": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "short_title": "JDE", "website": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/JDE", "status": "active", "short_abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "start_date": "2023-05-01", "end_date": "2026-04-30", "leader_id": 1110, "logo": { "name": "logo.png", "path": "project:d9282", "type": "image/png", "size": 42258, "orig_name": "logo.png", "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/d9282/logo:thumb{{size}}.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 120, 300 ] }, "funding_organisations": [], "research_areas": [ "InfoVis" ], "publications": [ "eitler-2024-sos", "eschner-2025-ide", "indirectBiasLanguageModels-2023", "irendorfer-2024-uat", "matt-2024-cvil", "matt-2025-scv", "stoff-2025-pvu", "webGPU_aggregateVis-2023", "wolf-2024-jhd" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/JDE", "__class": "Project" } ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/irendorfer-2024-uat/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "eitler-2024-sos", "type_id": "masterthesis", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/205306", "title": "Spatial Organization Strategies in Exploratory Analysis of Unstructured Data", "date": "2024", "abstract": "As not only the amount but also the complexity of data increases, there is a growing need to support humans in the analysis of data that is not structured in a way that can be easily interpreted by machines. So-called “knowledge-assisted visual analytics” (KAVA) tools aim to address these challenges by integrating the knowledge of the analyst into their system to support the analysis process.In this thesis, we investigate the spatial organization strategies that users employ when exploring unstructured data. We aim to characterize the types of strategies that users employ, how they change over time, and how we can use them to infer the users’ knowledge of the data. To answer these questions, we first conduct a user study in which the participants explore an image dataset on a multitouch tabletop interface imitating an analogue setting and externalize their findings into concept maps. We observe their organization strategies and analyse their methods in a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative analysis of the participants’ interview statements with quantitative analysis of the interaction logs.We find that the participants’ spatial organization strategies can be characterized by four features: semantic clusters, type of layout, uncovering process, and reorganization of the data. While most participants prefer layouts that give them an overview of the data, only about half create semantic clusters (i.e., grouping similar images together). The participants also mostly uncovered all images — which were initially on a stack — in the task right away before externalizing their knowledge, and only a few reorganized the images. We further find that the participants generally did not change their organization strategies over time, and that the resulting spatial arrangements do not necessarily provide valuable insights into the users’ knowledge of the data.Finally, we discuss our findings and list the limitations of our study. As this thesis is embedded in a research project that aims to develop a tool for knowledge-assisted visual analytics, we discuss potential design implications for the development of such a tool.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": "projects", "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ { "id": 5419, "drupal_id": null, "orcid_id": null, "website": null, "firstname": "Dominik", "lastname": "Eitler", "searchname": "Dominik Eitler", "is_teacher": false, "name": "Dominik Eitler", "publications": [ "eitler-2024-sos" ], "publications_first": [], "project_leader": [], "publication_field": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/show.php?class=Author&id=5419", "__class": "Author" } ], "doi": "10.34726/hss.2024.117186", "open_access": "yes", "pages": "95", "supervisor": [ { "id": 1110, "drupal_id": 625, "orcid_id": "0000-0003-1387-5132", "website": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/staff/ManuelaWaldner", "firstname": 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", "abstract": "Data and information created by various processes (e.g., simulations) is getting larger, and more and more complex. We use interactive visualization and analysis techniques to facilitate exploration of complex parameter spaces (e.g., to analyze and compare parameters for automotive engineering, reconstruction algorithms, or geometry generators) or unstructured information collections (e.g., annotated digital documents or image collections). Our research focus lies on novel visual encodings and interaction techniques to explore a large amount of abstract data, often in combination with analytical reasoning.
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"projects": [ "BioNetIllustration", "d10206", "d10413", "d10450", "d9282", "d9522", "d9555", "deskollage", "Scenario Pool" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/show.php?class=ResearchArea&id=InfoVis", "__class": "ResearchArea" } ], "keywords": [ "visual analytics", "unstructured data", "spatial organization", "exploratory analysis", "knowledge-assisted visual analytics", "semantic interaction", "knowledge externalization" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "thesis", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "eitler-2024-sos-thesis.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 2087980, "path": "Publication:eitler-2024-sos", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/eitler-2024-sos/eitler-2024-sos-thesis.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/eitler-2024-sos/eitler-2024-sos-thesis:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ { "id": "d9282", "workgroup_id": "vis", "drupal_id": 9282, "drupal_path": "/research/projects/JDE", "name": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "name_de": "Joint Human-Machine Data Exploration", "short_title": "JDE", "website": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/JDE", "status": "active", "short_abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
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Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
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We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
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The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
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"website": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/projects/JDE", "status": "active", "short_abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
", "abstract": "In many domains, such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and the humanities, large amounts of data exist. Visual exploratory analysis of these data is often not practicable due to their size and their unstructured nature. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires large-scale labeled training data and a clear target definition, which is typically not available when exploring unknown data. For such large-scale, unstructured, open-ended, and domain-specific problems, we need an interactive approach combining the strengths of ML and human analytical skills into a unified process that helps users to \"detect the expected and discover the unexpected\".
We hypothesize that humans and machines can learn jointly from the data and from each other during exploratory data analysis. We further hypothesize that this joint learning enables a new visual analytics approach that reveals how users' incrementally growing insights fit the data, which will foster questioning and reframing.
We integrate interactive ML and interactive visualization to learn about data and from data in a joint fashion. To this end, we propose a data-agnostic joint human-machine data exploration (JDE) framework that supports users in the exploratory analysis and the discovery of meaningful structures in the data. In contrast to existing approaches, we investigate data exploration from a new perspective that focuses on the discovery and definition of complex structural information from the data rather than primarily on the model (as in ML) or on the data itself (as in visualization).
First, the conceptual framework of JDE introduces a novel knowledge modeling approach for visual analytics based on interactive ML that incrementally captures potentially complex, yet interpretable concepts that users expect or have learned from the data. Second, it proposes an intelligent agent that elicits information fitting the users' expectations and discovers what may be unexpected for the users. Third, it relies on a new visualization approach focusing on how the large-scale data fits the users' knowledge and expectations, rather than solely the data. Fourth, this leads to novel exploratory data analysis techniques -- an interactive interplay between knowledge externalization, machine-guided data inspection, questioning, and reframing.
The project is a joint collaboration between researchers from TU Wien (Manuela Waldner) and the University of Applied Sciences St. Pölten (Matthias Zeppelzauer), Austria, who contribute and join their complementary expertise on information visualization, visual analytics, and interactive ML.
FWF Stand-alone project P 36453
DOI: 10.55776/P36453
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