[ { "id": "Hladuvka-2000-Exp", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Salient Representation of Volume Data", "date": "2000-12", "abstract": "We introduce a novel approach for identification of objects of\ninterest in volume data. Our approach tries to convey the\ninformation contained in two essentially different concepts, the\nobject's boundaries and the narrow solid structures, in an easy\nand uniform way. The second order derivative operators in\ndirections reaching minimal response are involved for this task.\nTo show the superior performance of our method, we provide a\ncomparison to its main competitor -- surface extraction from\nareas of maximal gradient magnitude. We show that our approach\nprovides the possibility to represent volume data by its subset\n of a nominal size.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 187, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-26", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "10", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Gradient vector", "Hessian matrix", "Feature Extraction", "Sufrace Extraction", "Volume Rendering" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Hladuvka-2000-Exp-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 360519, "path": "Publication:Hladuvka-2000-Exp", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hladuvka-2000-Exp/Hladuvka-2000-Exp-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hladuvka-2000-Exp/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Csebfalvi-2000-IVRBM", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Interactive Volume Rendering based on a ''Bubble Model''", "date": "2000-12", "abstract": "In this paper an interactive volume rendering technique is presented\nwhich is based on a novel visualization model. We call the basic method\n``bubble model'' since iso-surfaces are rendered as thin\nsemi-transparent membranes similarly to blown soap bubbles. The\nprimary goal is to develop a fast previewing technique for volumetric data\nwhich does not require a time consuming transfer function\nspecification to visualize internal structures.\nOur approach uses a very simple rendering model controlled by only\ntwo parameters. We also present an interactive rotation technique\nwhich does not rely on any specialized hardware, therefore it can be\nwidely used even on low-end machines. Due to the interactive display,\nfine tuning is also supported since the modification of the rendering\n parameters has an immediate visual feedback.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 233, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-23", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "11", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Shear-Warp Factorization.", "Previewing", "Direct Volume Rendering" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Csebfalvi-2000-IVRBM-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 728796, "path": "Publication:Csebfalvi-2000-IVRBM", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Csebfalvi-2000-IVRBM/Csebfalvi-2000-IVRBM-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Csebfalvi-2000-IVRBM/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Schm-2000-Stb", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "The Studierstube Augmented Reality Project", "date": "2000-12", "abstract": "This paper describes Studierstube, an augmented reality\nsystem developed over the past four years at Vienna University of Technology,\nAustria, in extensive collaboration with Fraunhofer CRCG, Inc. in Providence,\nRhode Island, U.S. Our starting point for developing the Studierstube system\nwas the belief that augmented reality, the less obtrusive cousin of virtual\nreality, has a better chance of becoming a viable user interface for applications\nrequiring manipulation of complex three-dimensional information as a daily routine.\nIn essence, we are searching for a 3D user interface metaphor as powerful as the\ndesktop metaphor for 2D. At the heart of the Studierstube system, collaborative\naugmented reality is used to embed computer-generated images into the real work\nenvironment. In the first part of this paper, we review the user interface of\nthe initial Studierstube system, in particular the implementation of collaborative\naugmented reality, and the Personal Interaction Panel, a two-handed interface for\ninteraction with the system. In the second part, an extended Studierstube system\nbased on a heterogeneous distributed architecture is presented. This system allows\nthe user to combine multiple approaches--augmented reality, projection displays,\nubiquitous computing--to the interface as needed. The environment is controlled\nby the Personal Interaction Panel, a two-handed pen-and-pad interface, which has\nversatile uses for interacting with the virtual environment. Studierstube also\nborrows elements from the desktop, such as multi-tasking and multi-windowing.\nThe resulting software architecture resembles in some ways what could be called\nan augmented reality operating system. The presentation is complemented by\n selected application examples.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 202, 204, 205, 234, 375, 249, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-22", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "24", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "three-dimensional user interface", "two-handed interaction", "computer supported cooperative work", "distributed virtual environment", "ubiquitious computing", "user interface", "augmented reality" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Schm-2000-Stb-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 2370274, "path": "Publication:Schm-2000-Stb", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Schm-2000-Stb/Schm-2000-Stb-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Schm-2000-Stb/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Vilanova-2000-VCF", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Virtual Colon Flattening", "date": "2000-12", "abstract": "We present a new method to visualize virtual endoscopic\nviews. We\npropose to flatten the organ by the direct projection of the\nsurface onto a set of cylinders. Two sampling strategies are\npresented and the introduced distortions are studied. A\nnon-photorealistic technique is presented to enhance the\nperception of the images. Finally, an approximate but real-time\nendoscopic fly-through is possible by using the data obtained by\n the projection technique.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 459, 165, 197, 166, 340 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-25", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "13", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Colon Flattening", "Volume Rendering", "Virtual Colonoscopy" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Vilanova-2000-VCF-paper.gz", "type": "application/x-zip", "size": 975052, "path": "Publication:Vilanova-2000-VCF", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Vilanova-2000-VCF/Vilanova-2000-VCF-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Vilanova-2000-VCF/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Havran-2000-Com", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Comparison Methodology for Ray Shooting Algorithms", "date": "2000-11", "abstract": "In this paper we deal with a methodology for\ncomparing various ray shooting algorithms for a set\nof experiments performed on a set of scenes. We\ndevelop a computation model for ray shooting\nalgorithms, which allows us to map of any particular\nray shooting algorithm to the computation\nmodel. Further, we develop a performance model for\nray shooting algorithms, which establishes the\ncorrespondence between the computation model and the\nexecution time of the ray shooting algorithm for a\nsequence of ray shooting queries. Based on the\ncomputation and performance models, we propose a set\nof parameters describing the use of a ray shooting\nalgorithm in applications. This allows us to make a\nfair comparison of various ray shooting algorithms\nfor the same set of input data, i.e., the same scene\nand the same sequence of ray shooting queries, but\nvirtually independently of the hardware and the\nimplementation issues. Under certain conditions, the\nproposed comparison methodology enables to perform\ncross-comparison of published research work without\n reimplementing other ray shooting algorithms.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 203, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-20", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "12", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "ray-tracing", "best efficiency scheme", "acceleration schemes", "spatial subdivision", "ray-shooting" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Havran-2000-Com-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 67685, "path": "Publication:Havran-2000-Com", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Havran-2000-Com/Havran-2000-Com-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Havran-2000-Com/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Tsoi-2000-Ada", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Adaptive Visualization over the Internet", "date": "2000-11", "abstract": "This report gives an account to our work in adaptive visualization over the Internet ressearch. In this report we present our prototypes of adaptive visualization systems and an agent-based visualization model for network applications. We proposed a intelligent agent system for adaptively dispatch of visualization processes between a cluster of computers based on the changing network transmission bandwidth and processing prower. We also discuss the scientific contributions of our work to the current research in Interne-based visualization system design.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 376, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-21", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "21", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "code mobility", "adaptive visualization", "Internet", "visualizaion", "agents" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Tsoi-2000-Ada-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 318734, "path": "Publication:Tsoi-2000-Ada", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Tsoi-2000-Ada/Tsoi-2000-Ada-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Tsoi-2000-Ada/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Hladuvka-2000-ExpX", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Exploiting Eigenvalues of the Hessian Matrix for Volume Decimation", "date": "2000-10", "abstract": "In recent years the Hessian matrix and its eigenvalues became\nimportant in pattern recognition. Several algorithms based on the\ninformation they provide have been introduced. We recall the\nrelationship between the eigenvalues of Hessian matrix and the 2nd\norder edge detection filter, show the usefulness of treating them\nseparately and exploit these facts to design a combined threshold\n operation to generate sparse data sets.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 187, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-19", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "7", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Laplacian filter", "Eigenvalues", "Hessian matrix", "Sparse data", "Volume Rendering" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Hladuvka-2000-ExpX-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 532738, "path": "Publication:Hladuvka-2000-ExpX", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hladuvka-2000-ExpX/Hladuvka-2000-ExpX-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hladuvka-2000-ExpX/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Neumann-2000-FPS", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Feature-Preserving Smoothing", "date": "2000-09", "abstract": "The first version of the method presented in this paper\nis derived from\na terrain-modeling problem. The solution of this\nproblem leaded to a\ngeneral technique, which can be used for image\nprocessing purposes like\nimage restoration, noise filtering, and smoothing\npreserving the important\ncontours. The basic idea is the minimization of a\nglobal quadratic penalty\nfunction. This error function contains the quadratic\nglobal curvature of\nthe unknown image and additionally the difference of\nthe data values and\nthe gradient vectors between the original and the\nunknown image. The\ncomponents of the global error are weighted using an\nappropriate weighting\nfunction.\n\nThe gradient vectors are estimated from the original\nnoisy image using\nlinear regression. Under a certain threshold the\ngradient or its weight in\nthe quadratic error function is considered to be zero.\nThe method is\nnon-linear because the operations on the gradients\nand/or the assignment\nof the weighting factors are non-linear.\n\nThe minimization of the penalty function leads to a\nlinear equation system\nwith a large sparse coefficient matrix. It will be\nshown that it can be\nsolved by a special deconvolution if the weighting of\neach pixel is the same.\nThe deconvolution can be performed very efficiently in\nfrequency domain using\nthe well-known FFT algorithm. If the weighting\nfunction depends on pixel\npositions then the general conjugated gradient method\ncan be used in order\nto find the minimum location of the penalty function.\n\nHaving position-dependent weights the flexibility is\nhigher since at the\npositions, where the gradient magnitudes are lower the\nsmoothing effect can\nbe stronger while at the edges smoothing is not\nperformed. The main\ncharacteristic feature of the method can be realized\nwhen it is used for\nimage restoration, where the missing regions have to\nbe reconstructed.\nInstead of interpolation of the pixel values the\ngradient components are\ninterpolated, therefore continuous and non-blurred\ncontours can be obtained.\nThe method calculates densities, which fit best on the\ngradient field. The\nbasic idea can be applied for gradient interpolation\nas well, where the\ncomponent gx and gy of the gradient play the role of\nthe unknown variables.\nAnother special application field is the zooming of\nlow-resolution images\npreserving the sharp contours, which is rather\nimportant in rendering images\non the web or in digital photography. The method can\nbe used for color images\nseparately for three components, for instance using\nCIE Luv coordinates. The\n1D and 3D adaptation are obvious. The 1D version can\nbe used for interpolation\nproblems and sound filtering, while the 3D version is\ncapable for efficient\nprocessing of medical data sets (CT or MRI files),\ngeographical volumes,\narbitrary 3D distributions, or volumes defined by a\nsequence of frames in a\nmovie file.\n\nAmong the special 2D applications one of the most\nimportant ones is the\ncontinuous reconstruction from binary dithered images,\nwhich can be used\nrecursively for image compression. Furthermore, the 2D\nversion is usable for\nadaptive contrast enhancement. In this case, instead\nof the deviation from\nthe original density values, the deviation from a\nconstant value or the\ndeviation from the strongly blurred image is built\ninto the penalty function.\nLast but not least it can be extended to a\nmulti-resolution or hierarchical\nmethod, where the different resolution versions of the\nsame image are\nimproved in a parallel way and derivative filters\ndefined by wide finite\n kernels are used with a ring off weighting.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 177 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-24", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "15", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Antialiasing.", "Volume Rendering", "Image Processing" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Neumann-2000-FPS-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 19145, "path": "Publication:Neumann-2000-FPS", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Neumann-2000-FPS/Neumann-2000-FPS-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Neumann-2000-FPS/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Schm-2000-Bri", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "OpenTracker - An Open Software Architecture for Reconfigurable\n Tracking based on XML", "date": "2000-09", "abstract": "This paper describes OpenTracker,\nan open software architecture that provides a generic\nsolution to the different tasks involved in tracking input devices and\nprocessing tracking data for virtual environments. It combines a\nhighly modular design with a configuration syntax based on XML, thus\ntaking full advantage of this new technology. OpenTracker is a first\nattempt towards a write once, track anywhere approach to virtual\nreality application development. To support these claims, integration\ninto an existing augmented reality system is demonstrated.\nOnce development is sufficiently mature, it is planned to\nmake OpenTracker available to the public under an open source software\nlicense.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 377, 202 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-18", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "5", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "decoupled simulation", "XML", "tracking", "augmented reality", "virtual reality" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Schm-2000-Bri-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 284711, "path": "Publication:Schm-2000-Bri", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Schm-2000-Bri/Schm-2000-Bri-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Schm-2000-Bri/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Hauser-2000-Tho", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Thorough Insights by Enhanced Visualization of Flow Topology", "date": "2000-08", "abstract": "The investigation of flow data can be eased by the\nvisualization of topological information about the flow. Especially, when\nempirical models or numerical results from flow simulation are\ninvestigated, often the first step of analysis is to search\nstructural elements, like fixed points, separatrices, etc.\nThe work presented in this paper focuses on the visualization\nof 3D dynamical systems (comparable to flow data)\non the basis of results which are\nobtained by automatic analysis of the flow topology.\nFixed points are determined\nand the Jacobian matrix of the flow is investigated at these points\nof phase space to obtain the associated stable and/or unstable\ninvariant sets. Furthermore, this paper presents how Poincare maps\nare used to visualize structural information about cyclic flow\ndata together with direct visualization cues like stream lines\n or stream surfaces.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 176, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-17", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "8", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Hauser-2000-Tho-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 2339769, "path": "Publication:Hauser-2000-Tho", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hauser-2000-Tho/Hauser-2000-Tho-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hauser-2000-Tho/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Kauf-2000-Con", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Construct3D: A Virtual Reality Application for Mathematics and Geometry Education", "date": "2000-06", "abstract": "Construct3D is a three dimensional geometric construction tool based on\nthe collaborative augmented reality system Studierstube. Our setup uses\na stereoscopic head mounted display (HMD) and the Personal Interaction\nPanel (PIP) - a two-handed 3D interaction tool that simplifies 3D model\ninteraction. Means of application in mathematics and geometry education\nat high school as well as university level are being discussed. A pilot\nstudy summarizes the strengths and possible extensions of our system.\nAnecdotal evidence supports our claim that the use of Construct3D is easy\nto learn and encourages experimentation with geometric constructions.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 378, 202, 379 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-16", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "12", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "education", "mathematics", "geometry", "augmented reality", "virtual reality" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Kauf-2000-Con-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 578953, "path": "Publication:Kauf-2000-Con", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Kauf-2000-Con/Kauf-2000-Con-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Kauf-2000-Con/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "wonka-2000-VisP", "type_id": "inproceedings", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Visibility Preprocessing with Occluder Fusion for Urban Walkthroughs", "date": "2000-06", "abstract": "This paper presents an efficient algorithm for occlusion culling of urban environments. It is conservative and accurate in finding all significant occlusion. It discretizes the scene into view cells, for which cell-to-object visibility is precomputed, making on-line overhead negligible. Unlike other precomputation methods for view cells, it is able to conservatively compute all forms of occluder interaction for an arbitrary number of occluders. To speed up preprocessing, standard graphics hardware is exploited and occluder occlusion is considered. A walkthrough application running an 8 million polygon model of the city of Vienna on consumer-level hardware illustrates our results.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 780, "image_height": 390, "name": "wonka-2000-VisP-image.jpg", "type": "image/jpeg", "size": 97349, "path": "Publication:wonka-2000-VisP", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/wonka-2000-VisP/wonka-2000-VisP-image.jpg", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/wonka-2000-VisP/wonka-2000-VisP-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 194, 193, 202 ], "booktitle": "Rendering Techniques 2000 (Proceedings Eurographics Workshop on Rendering)", "editor": "Bernard Péroche and Holly Rushmeier", "isbn": "3-211-83535-0", "lecturer": [ 194, 193 ], "location": "held in Brno, Czech Republic, June 26-28, 2000", "organization": "Eurographics", "pages_from": "71", "pages_to": "82", "publisher": "Springer-Verlag Wien New York", "research_areas": [ "Rendering" ], "keywords": [ "Visibility determination", "image-based rendering.", "occluder occlusion", "occluder fusion", "urban environments", "walkthrough", "real-time graphics", "shadow algorithms", "occlusion culling" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 780, "image_height": 390, "name": "wonka-2000-VisP-image.jpg", "type": "image/jpeg", "size": 97349, "path": "Publication:wonka-2000-VisP", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/wonka-2000-VisP/wonka-2000-VisP-image.jpg", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/wonka-2000-VisP/wonka-2000-VisP-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": null, "filetitle": "Paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "wonka-2000-VisP-Paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 1164825, "path": "Publication:wonka-2000-VisP", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/wonka-2000-VisP/wonka-2000-VisP-Paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/wonka-2000-VisP/wonka-2000-VisP-Paper:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "UrbanViz" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/wonka-2000-VisP/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Schm-2000-BriX", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Bridging Multiple User Interface Dimensions with Augmented Reality", "date": "2000-05", "abstract": "Studierstube is an experimental user interface system,\nwhich bridges multiple user interface dimensions. At its core, it uses\ncollaborative augmented reality to incorporate true 3D interaction into\na productivity environment. This concept is extended to include multiple\nusers, multiple host platforms, multiple display types, multiple concurrent\napplications, and a multi-context (i. e., 3D document) interface - into a\nheterogeneous distributed environment. All this happens almost totally\ntransparent to the application programmer. With this architecture, we can\nexplore the user interface design space between pure augmented reality and\nthe popular ubiquitous computing paradigm. We report on our design philosophy\ncentered around the notion of contexts and locales, as well as the underlying\nsoftware and hardware architecture. To illustrate our presentation, we\npresent several applications including a storyboard tool for cinematographic\ndesign which showcases many features of our system.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 202, 204, 205 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-15", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "11", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "three-dimensional user interface", "computer supported cooperative work", "distributed virtual environment", "ubiquitious computing", "user interface", "augmented reality" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Schm-2000-BriX-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 1143578, "path": "Publication:Schm-2000-BriX", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Schm-2000-BriX/Schm-2000-BriX-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Schm-2000-BriX/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Havran-2000-SCR", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Statistical Comparison of Ray-Shooting Efficiency Schemes", "date": "2000-05", "abstract": "In this report we present an experimental efficiency\nstudy of spatial subdivision schemes for ray-shooting\nacceleration. Presented results are part of our\neffort to find the long-discussed best efficiency\nscheme from the statistical point of view. We propose\nfour testing procedures evaluating the ray-shooting\nalgorithm properties. We use these methods to\nproduce hardware independent statistics for different\nray-shooting acceleration schemes that have been\nreimplemented following the published literature. We\ndefine the the minimal set of parameters to be\nreported as well as scene invariants, parameters that\nstay the same regardless of the acceleration scheme\nused. The main results of first 1440 measurements\nfor 30 scenes from the SPD database and 12\nacceleration methods are reported. We also attempt to\noutline a method that suggests the most suitable\nacceleration scheme based on the scene complexity\n analysis of a given scene.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 203, 199, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-14", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "13", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "ray-tracing", "best efficiency scheme", "acceleration schemes", "spatial subdivision", "ray-shooting" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Havran-2000-SCR-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 216887, "path": "Publication:Havran-2000-SCR", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Havran-2000-SCR/Havran-2000-SCR-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Havran-2000-SCR/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Hauser-2000-TwoX", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Two-level volume rendering - fusing MIP and DVR", "date": "2000-04", "abstract": "In this paper we present a two-level approach for\nfusing direct\nvolume rendering (DVR) and maximum-intensity projection (MIP)\nwithin a joint rendering method.\nDifferent structures within the data-set are rendered locally by\neither MIP or DVR on an object-by-object basis. Globally all the\nresults of subsequent object renderings are combined in a merging step\n(usually compositing in our case). This allows to selectively\nchoose the most\nsuitable technique for depicting each object\nwithin the data, while keeping the amount of information contained in\nthe image at a reasonable level.\nThis is especially useful when inner\nstructures should be visualized together with semi-transparent outer\nparts, similar to the focus-and-context approach known\nfrom information visualization. We also present an implementation of our\n\napproach, which allows to explore volumetric data using\ntwo-level rendering at interactive frame rates.\n", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 176, 184, 385, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-11", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "8", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "dynamical systems", "interactive visualization", "maximum intensity projection", "direct volume rendering" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Hauser-2000-TwoX-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 4077931, "path": "Publication:Hauser-2000-TwoX", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hauser-2000-TwoX/Hauser-2000-TwoX-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hauser-2000-TwoX/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Szirmay-2000-NDFS", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Incoming First-Shot for Non-Diffuse Global Illumination", "date": "2000-04", "abstract": "This paper presents a method that can replace the small and medium\nsize lightsources by their effect in non-diffuse global illumination\nalgorithms. Incoming first-shot is a generalization of a preprocessing technique called\nthe first-shot that was developed for speeding up global diffuse\nradiosity algorithms. Alternatively, it can also be approached as\na generalization of the direct-lightsource computation involved\nin gathering type methods. In order to reduce the prohibitive memory requirements of the\noriginal first-shot when it is applied to non-diffuse scenes in a direct manner,\nthe proposed new method computes and stores only the incoming radiance generated by the lightsources\nand the reflected radiance is obtained from the incoming radiance on the fly\ntaking into account the local BRDF.\nSince the radiance function of the reflection is smoother and flatter\nthan the original lightsource function, this replacement\nmakes the integrand of the rendering equation have significantly smaller\nvariation, which can speed up global illumination algorithms.\nThe paper also discusses how the first-shot technique can be\nbuilt into a stochastic iteration algorithm using ray-bundles,\n and provides run-time statistics.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 206, 207, 208, 216 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-04", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "8", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "first-shot", "finite-element techniques", "global methods", "Monte-Carlo quadrature", "stochastic iteration", "Non-diffuse global illumination" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Szirmay-2000-NDFS-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 257142, "path": "Publication:Szirmay-2000-NDFS", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Szirmay-2000-NDFS/Szirmay-2000-NDFS-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Szirmay-2000-NDFS/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Mroz-2000-MasX", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Mastering Interactive Surface Rendering for Java-Based\nDiagnostic Applications", "date": "2000-04", "abstract": "The display of iso-surfaces in medical data sets is an\nimportant visualization\ntechnique used by radiologists for the diagnosis of volumetric density\ndata sets. The demands put by radiologists on such a display\ntechnique are interactivity, multiple stacked transparent surfaces and\ncutting planes that allow an interactive clipping of the\nsurfaces. This paper presents a Java based, platform independent\nimplementation of a very fast surface rendering algorithm which\ncombines the advantages of explicit surface representation, splatting,\nand\nshear-warp projection to fulfill all these requirements. The algorithm\nis\nimplemented within the context of J-Vision, an application for viewing\nand\ndiagnosing medical images which is currently in use at various\nhospitals.\n", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 184, 165, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-10", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "4", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "medical applications", "surface rendering", "volume visualization" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Mroz-2000-MasX-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 434839, "path": "Publication:Mroz-2000-MasX", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Mroz-2000-MasX/Mroz-2000-MasX-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Mroz-2000-MasX/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Theussl-2000-MWI", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Mastering Windows: Improving Reconstruction", "date": "2000-04", "abstract": "Ideal reconstruction filters, for function or arbitrary\nderivative\nreconstruction, have to be bounded in order to be\npracticable since they are infinite in their spatial extent. This can\nbe accomplished by multiplying them with windowing functions. In this\npaper we discuss and assess the quality of commonly used windows and\nshow that most of them are unsatisfactory in terms of numerical\naccuracy. The best performing windows are Blackman, Kaiser and\nGaussian windows. The latter two are particularly useful since both\nhave a parameter to control their shape, which, on the other hand,\nrequires to find appropriate values for these parameters. We show how\nto derive optimal parameter values for Kaiser and Gaussian windows\nusing a Taylor series expansion of the convolution sum. Optimal values\nfor function and first derivative reconstruction for window widths of\n two, three, four and five are presented explicitly.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 175, 176, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-08", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "9", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Taylor series expansion", "frequency response", "windowing", "ideal reconstruction" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Theussl-2000-MWI-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 2372210, "path": "Publication:Theussl-2000-MWI", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Theussl-2000-MWI/Theussl-2000-MWI-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Theussl-2000-MWI/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Faisst-2000-VPRR", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Scheduling for Very Large Virtual Environments and Networked Games Using Visibility and\nPriorities", "date": "2000-04", "abstract": "The problem of network bandwidth limitations is encountered in almost any distributed virtual\nenvironment or networked game. In a typical client-server setup, where the virtual world is managed by a server\nand replicated by connected clients which visualize the scene, the server must repeatedly transmit update messages\nto the clients. By employing visibility information, the number of messages transmitted over the network can be\nreduced by sending each client only update messages for objects which are visible from the viewpoint of the\nclient. A naïve approach requires to examine visibility between pairs of objects and leads to a quadratic effort\nin the number of objects, substantially affecting the scalability of such environments. This paper presents a\ntechnique that allows the server to manage the transmission of update messages for each client with a constant\noverhead, reducing overall computational cost to a linear effort. We show how the server can employ visibility\ninformation to schedule all objects using the Priority Round-Robin algorithm. This algorithm is further enhanced\nwith activity monitoring that provides a graceful degradation of the system's performance, even if the behavior of\nobjects is unpredictable. This makes the algorithm suited to schedule update messages regarding server-controlled\nobjects as well as user-controlled avatars.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 230, 202, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-09", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "8", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Visibility", "Scheduling", "Distributed Systems", "Networking", "Virtual Environments" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Faisst-2000-VPRR-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 752288, "path": "Publication:Faisst-2000-VPRR", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Faisst-2000-VPRR/Faisst-2000-VPRR-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Faisst-2000-VPRR/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Wegenkitt-2000-MIV", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Mastering Interactive Virtual Bronchioscopy on a Low--End PC", "date": "2000-03", "abstract": "Virtual endoscopy presents the cross-sectional acquired 3D-data of\na computer tomograph as an endoluminal view. The common approach\nfor the visualization of a virtual endoscopy is surface rendering,\nyielding images close to a real endoscopy. If external structures\nare of interest, volume rendering techniques have to be used.\nThese methods do not display the exact shape of the inner lumen\nvery well. For certain applications, e.g. operation planning of a\ntrans-bronchial biopsy, both, the shape of the inner lumen as well\nas outer structures like blood vessels and the tumor have to be\ndelineated. In this paper a method is described, that allows a\nquick and easy hybrid visualization using overlays of different\nvisualization methods like different surfaces or volume renderings\nwith different transfer functions in real time on a low-end PC. To\nachieve real time frame rates, image based rendering techniques\n have been used.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 165, 459, 381, 382, 383, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-13", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "5", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "visualization system", "virtual endoscopy", "medical visualization" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Wegenkitt-2000-MIV-paper.gz", "type": "application/x-zip", "size": 4902482, "path": "Publication:Wegenkitt-2000-MIV", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Wegenkitt-2000-MIV/Wegenkitt-2000-MIV-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Wegenkitt-2000-MIV/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Koenig-2000-ATFS", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Mastering Transfer Function Specification by using\nVolumePro Technology", "date": "2000-03", "abstract": "A new user-interface paradigm for the specification of\ntransfer functions is presented. The specification is usually a\ndifficult task as mapping information for a number of different domains\n(data range, color, opacity, etc.) has to be defined.\nIn the presented approach, the definition of the mapping information can\nbe realized independently for each property domain. A\nset of specification tools is provided for each domain, enabling users\nwith different levels of experience or demanding\ntime restrictions to choose an appropriate approach for their needs.\nReal-time feedback during the manipulation of parameters\nhas been proven to be crucial to the specification. An interactive\ndirect-volume-rendering display is realized by utilizing dedicated\nhardware acceleration.\n", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 197, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-07", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "7", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "VolumePro ray-casting system", "Transfer Function Specification", "Volume Visualization" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Koenig-2000-ATFS-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 3573189, "path": "Publication:Koenig-2000-ATFS", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Koenig-2000-ATFS/Koenig-2000-ATFS-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Koenig-2000-ATFS/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Vilanova-2000-CAT", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Cylindrical Approximation of Tubular Organs for Virtual Endoscopy", "date": "2000-02", "abstract": "Virtual endoscopy is a promising medical application of volume visualization techniques. A virtual endoscopy system requires high\nquality and perspective projection rendering, as well as real-time navigation. In this paper the generation of a cylindrical\nstructure for tubular shaped organs (i.e. colon, aorta) is presented. This structure represents an approximation of the real\norgan. The cylindrical structure will be used to accelerate high quality volume rendering.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 459, 197, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-00-02", "pages_from": "", "pages_to": "", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Vilanova-2000-CAT-paper.gz", "type": "application/x-zip", "size": 1181511, "path": "Publication:Vilanova-2000-CAT", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Vilanova-2000-CAT/Vilanova-2000-CAT-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Vilanova-2000-CAT/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Csebfalvi-2000-GELR", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Gradient Estimation in Volume Data using 4D Linear Regression", "date": "2000-02", "abstract": "In this paper a new gradient estimation method is\npresented which is based on linear regression. Previous contextual\nshading techniques try to fit an approximate function to a set of surface\npoints in the neighborhood of a given voxel. Therefore, a system\nof linear equations has to be solved using the computationally\nexpensive Gaussian elimination. In contrast, our method\napproximates the density function itself in a local neighborhood with a 3D\nregression hyperplane. This approach also leads to a system of linear\nequations but we will show that it can be solved with an efficient convolution.\nOur method provides at each voxel location the normal vector and\nthe translation of the regression hyperplane which are considered as a\ngradient and a filtered density value respectively. Therefore, this\ntechnique can be used for surface smoothing and gradient estimation at\nthe same time. 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