[ { "id": "Wegenkittl-1996-AFR", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Animating Flowfields: Rendering of Oriented Line Integral\n\t\tConvolution", "date": "1996-12", "abstract": "Line Integral Convolution (LIC) is a common approach\nfor the visualization of vector fields. It is well suited for visualizing\nthe direction of a flow field, but it gives no information about the\norientation of the underlying vectors. We introduce Oriented Line Integral\nConvolution (OLIC), where direction as well as orientation are encoded\nwithin the resulting image. This is achieved by using a low frequency\ninput texture and a ramp like (unisotropic) convolution kernel. This\nmethod can be animated, whereby the computation of so called pixel traces\nfastens the calculation process. In the result section various OLICs using\nsimple and real-world vector fields are shown.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 165, 166, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-23", "pages_from": "", "pages_to": "", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "flowfield visualization", "line integral convolution" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Wegenkittl-1996-AFR-paper.gz", "type": "application/x-zip", "size": 2491242, "path": "Publication:Wegenkittl-1996-AFR", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wegenkittl-1996-AFR/Wegenkittl-1996-AFR-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wegenkittl-1996-AFR/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Neumann-1996-NCB", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "A New Class of BRDF Models with Fast Importance Sampling", "date": "1996-12", "abstract": "We introduce a physically plausible mathematical model\nfor a large class of BRDFs. The new model can be defined\nin a user-friendly way and it is as simple as the\nwell-known Phong model, without any of its disadvantages.\nIt gives a good visual approximation of a lot of practical\nmaterials: metals, plastics, ceramics, retro-reflective\npaints, anisotropic materials, etc. The new model includes\nthe ideal diffuse model and ideal mirror as well, reflecting\nall of the incoming energy. Because of its illustrative\nproperties it can be used easily in most commercial\nsoftware and because of its low computational cost it is\n practical for VR.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 177, 232 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-24", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "25", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "rendering", "reflection models", "anisotropy", "retro-reflective models", "BRDF", "albedo", "Monte Carlo", "imporance sampling" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Neumann-1996-NCB-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 176434, "path": "Publication:Neumann-1996-NCB", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Neumann-1996-NCB/Neumann-1996-NCB-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Neumann-1996-NCB/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Wegenkittl-1996-SDI", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Simulation of Differential Interferometry and\n Comparison with Experimental Results", "date": "1996-11", "abstract": "This paper presents the computational simulation of a\ndifferential interferometer in a Mach-Zehnder arrangement\nwith objects located outside the center of the\ninterferometer. The computer simulation corresponds very\nwell to an experimental setup. This is illustrated for\nseveral basic phase objects. The theoretical models of\nthese objects are discussed. The concept of an interactive\nvisualization system for the analysis of phase objects is\npresented and finallysome results allowing a comparison\n between experimental and simulated interferograms are shown.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 165, 166, 423 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-22", "pages_from": "", "pages_to": "", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "interferometry", "simulation" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Wegenkittl-1996-SDI-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 1870043, "path": "Publication:Wegenkittl-1996-SDI", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wegenkittl-1996-SDI/Wegenkittl-1996-SDI-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wegenkittl-1996-SDI/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Loeffelmann-1996-DS3", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "DynSys3D: A workbench for developing advanced\nvisualization techniques in the field of\n three-dimensional dynamical systems", "date": "1996-11", "abstract": "This work describes DynSys3D, a framework for testing and\nimplementing visualization techniques in the area of three-dimensional\ndynamical systems. DynSys3D has been designed to meet requirements which\nallow a fast and modular investigation of dynamical systems. Such\nrequirements are, e.g., extendability, interactivity, and symmetry. Some\nvisualization examples realized with DynSys3D illustrate the flexibility of\nthe system.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 399, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-21", "pages_from": "", "pages_to": "", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "visualization", "dynamical systems" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Loeffelmann-1996-DS3-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 139679, "path": "Publication:Loeffelmann-1996-DS3", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Loeffelmann-1996-DS3/Loeffelmann-1996-DS3-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Loeffelmann-1996-DS3/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Wimmer-1996-ITB", "type_id": "masterthesis", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Interaktive Techniken im Bereich des dreidimensionalen Modelings", "date": "1996-11", "abstract": "", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 193 ], "supervisor": [ 216 ], "research_areas": [], "keywords": [], "weblinks": [], "files": [], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wimmer-1996-ITB/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Schmalstieg-1996-LOB", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Lodestar: An Octree-Based Level of Detail Generator for VRML", "date": "1996-10", "abstract": "Level of detail generation is important for managing\ngeometric complexity of three-dimensional objects and\nvirtual worlds. However, most algorithms that compute\nlevels of detail do not deal with the special\nrequirements of input data in VRML format. We report\nan algorithm called LODESTAR, based on octree\nquantization that robustly computes simplifications\n for objects in VRML.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 539, "image_height": 476, "name": "Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 132676, "path": "Publication:Schmalstieg-1996-LOB", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 202 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-19", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "7", "research_areas": [ "Geometry" ], "keywords": [ "octree quantisation", "levels of detail", "VRML" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 539, "image_height": 476, "name": "Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 132676, "path": "Publication:Schmalstieg-1996-LOB", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 172645, "path": "Publication:Schmalstieg-1996-LOB", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB-paper:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-LOB/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Szalavari-1996-PIP", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "The Personal Interaction Panel - a Two-Handed Interface for\n Augmented Reality", "date": "1996-09", "abstract": "This paper describes the introduction of a new interaction\nparadigm to augmented reality applications. The everyday\ntool handling experience of working with pen and notebooks\nis extended to create a three dimensional two-handed\ninterface, that supports easy-to-understand manipulation\ntasks in augmented and virtual environments. In the design\nstep we take advantage from the freedom, given by our very\nlow demands on hardware and augment form and functionality\nto this device. On the basis of examples from object\nmanipulation, augmented research environments and\nscientific visualization we show the generality of\napplicability. Although beeing in the first stages\nimplementation, we consider the wide spectrum of\n suitability for different pourposes.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 234, 249 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-20", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "7", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "3D user interface", "augmented reality" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Szalavari-1996-PIP-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 481156, "path": "Publication:Szalavari-1996-PIP", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Szalavari-1996-PIP/Szalavari-1996-PIP-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Szalavari-1996-PIP/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Schmalstieg-1996-EC2", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Exploiting coherence in 2 1/2 D visibility computation", "date": "1996-07", "abstract": "In interactive 3-D graphics, the amount of geometric\nprimitives passed to the display algorithm frequently\nexceeds rendering capacity. Visibility computation is\nused to reduce the amount of geometry that must be\npassed to the rendering engine. In this paper we\npropose an algorithm that exploits coherence to\naccelerate visibility computation in 2 1/2D and can\nbe used for both, on-the-fly computation of\npotentially visible sets, and for accelerated\ngeneration of spans for a simple 2 1/2D rendering\n engine.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 202, 216 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-18", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "2", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "visibility computation", "coherence", "2 1/D visibility", "potentially visible set" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Schmalstieg-1996-EC2-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 26541, "path": "Publication:Schmalstieg-1996-EC2", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-EC2/Schmalstieg-1996-EC2-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-EC2/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "wegenkittl-1996-GTW", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "A Guided Tour to Wonderland: Visualizing the Slow-Fast\n Dynamics of an Analytical Dynamical System", "date": "1996-04", "abstract": "The analysis of complex dynamical systems produces large\namounts of data that have to be interpreted efficiently.\nVisualizing the phase space of such systems illustrates\ngeometrically the behavior of the underlying dynamics. This\nwork investigates the visualization of Wonderland, a four\ndimensional econometric model, which describes interactions\nbetween population growth, economic activity and\nenvironmental implications. Wonderland belongs to a class\nof interesting dynamical systems with a pronounced\nslow-fast dynamics, i.e., some variables are changing much\nfaster than others. Furthermore the behavior of the\nWonderland model is characterized by manifolds which are\nnot streamsurfaces, i.e., the flow does not stay within\nthese surfaces. This paper discusses the application and\nadaptation of various visualization techniques to\nanalytical dynamical systems with special properties as\n mentioned above.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 165, 166, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-11", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "12", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "vector field visualization", "complex dynamical systems" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "wegenkittl-1996-GTW-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 383838, "path": "Publication:wegenkittl-1996-GTW", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/wegenkittl-1996-GTW/wegenkittl-1996-GTW-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/wegenkittl-1996-GTW/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Tobler-1996-HSA", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "A Hierarchical Subdivision Algorithm for Stochastic\n Radiosity Methods", "date": "1996-04", "abstract": "Stochastic radiosity methods have become a standard tool for\ngenerating global illumination solutions for very large\nscenes. Unfortunately, these methods need scene\ndescriptions that are premeshed to a very fine resolution,\nin order to compute an adequate solution of the global\nillumination. The algorithm proposed in this paper uses a\nstochastic Galerkin approach to incrementally calculate\nthe illumination function. By tracking the illumination\nfunction at different levels of resolution it is possible\nto get a measure for the quality of the representation,\nand thus adaptively subdivide in places with inadequate\naccuracy. With this technique a hierarchical mesh is\ngenerated, that is based on the stochastic evaluation of\n global illumination.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 216, 245, 190, 192 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-14", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "12", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "radiosity", "stochastic", "Monte Carlo", "hierarchical", "Galerkin", "density estimation" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Tobler-1996-HSA-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 988460, "path": "Publication:Tobler-1996-HSA", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Tobler-1996-HSA/Tobler-1996-HSA-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Tobler-1996-HSA/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "schmalstieg-1996-SEC", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "'Studierstube' - An Environment for Collaboration in\n Augmented Reality", "date": "1996-04", "abstract": "We present an architecture for multi-user augmented\nreality. See-through HMDs allow shared experience of\nvirtual objects that do not suffer from restriction of\n previous projection screen based approaches.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 202, 204, 234, 249 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-17", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "2", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "virtual environments", "augmented reality", "collaboration" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "schmalstieg-1996-SEC-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 19801, "path": "Publication:schmalstieg-1996-SEC", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/schmalstieg-1996-SEC/schmalstieg-1996-SEC-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/schmalstieg-1996-SEC/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "schmalstieg-1996-IRN", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Interactive Rendering of Natural Phenomena with Directed\n Cyclic Graphs", "date": "1996-04", "abstract": "This work proposes a compact representation of complex\nscenes for interactive rendering of natural phenomena.\nApplications include interactive design and modeling of\n outdoor scenes for distributed virtual environments.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 202, 237, 249 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-16", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "2", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "fractals", "virtual environments" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "schmalstieg-1996-IRN-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 10272, "path": "Publication:schmalstieg-1996-IRN", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/schmalstieg-1996-IRN/schmalstieg-1996-IRN-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/schmalstieg-1996-IRN/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Neumann-1996-CRS", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "The Constant Radiance Term", "date": "1996-04", "abstract": "The proposed method accelerates the computation of\nmultiple interreflections in non-diffuse environments or\nthe solution of the rendering equation. The method is\nsuited for closed environments. It is a generalization of\nthe 'constant radiosity step' introduced for diffuse\nenvironments and does not require geometrical or\nvisibility information, nor the calculation of form\nfactors. A constant radiance is extracted from the\nsolution in every surface point and every direction. We\nchoose this constant value so that the average self\nemitted power of the residuum problem is zero. The self\nemitting term of the residuum problem can either be\npositive or negative. Direction dependency is determined\nby the albedo function of the characteristic BRDF of the\nsurface. This function can easily be pretabulated and it\nis used frequently throughout this paper. The residuum\nproblem can be solved faster or with reduced variance by\nall known non-diffuse methods: different versions of\ndistribution ray tracing, proper methods of radiosity,\nand hybrid solutions. The acceleration achieved by the\n proposed method can be significant for bright environments.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 177 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-13", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "9", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "radiosity", "constant radiance step" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Neumann-1996-CRS-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 94954, "path": "Publication:Neumann-1996-CRS", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Neumann-1996-CRS/Neumann-1996-CRS-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Neumann-1996-CRS/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "loeffelmann-1996-SVM", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Streamarrows: Visualizing Multiple Layers of\n Streamsurfaces", "date": "1996-04", "abstract": "Occlusion is a crucial spatial cue for the human visual\nsystem. Painters as well as researchers in the field of\ncomputer graphics have been dealing with this aspect for a\nlong time. In the field of visualization occlusion can be\nespecially problematic. We present a new approach to\ndealing with streamsurfaces that occlude major parts of the\nsystem representation. Analyzing mixed-mode oscillations,\nwhich are a special class of analytically defined dynamical\nsystems, we came across geometrically complex streamsurfaces\nwith curly shape. Certain regions of these surfaces, that\nare necessary to describe the behavior of the system,\nocclude major parts of the model. We combined and adopted\nseveral visualization techniques to deal with this problem.\nStreamarrows, which are semi-transparent portions of the\nstreamsurface, allow the viewer to see through and diminish\nthe problem of occlusion. Cross-sections and the removal\nof certain portions of the model reduce occlusion as well\nand thus improve visual perception. Choosing the shape of\nan arrow for segmentation allows to visualize even more\ninformation at the streamsurface, e.g., the direction of\nthe flow. An anisotropic spot noise texture is further\nused to emphasize flow within a streamsurface. Finally\nanimation techniques were applied to facilitate the\ninterpretation of dynamical systems with complex shaped\n streamsurfaces.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 399, 184, 166, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-12", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "13", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "flow visualization", "streamsurfaces", "complex dynamical systems", "mixed-mode oscillations" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "loeffelmann-1996-SVM-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 630255, "path": "Publication:loeffelmann-1996-SVM", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/loeffelmann-1996-SVM/loeffelmann-1996-SVM-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/loeffelmann-1996-SVM/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "loeffelmann-1996-CVA", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Classifying the Visualization of Analytically Specified\n Dynamical Systems", "date": "1996-04", "abstract": "In this paper we suggest a classification of visualization\ntechniques for analytically specified dynamical systems\ninto four different approaches. We distinguish between local\nproperties, the topology of behavior, global properties, and\nclasses of dynamical systems with respect to various topics\nof visualization. By presenting advanced visualization\ntechniques that we applied during three recent projects, we\ndiscuss their embedding within the classification scheme The\ndynamical systems visualized are the ``Dynastic Cycle'',\nwhich is a model for rise and fall of dynasties in ancient\nChina, the ``Wonderland'' model, that simulates the\ninteractions of population growth, economic activities, and\nenvironmental pollution, and a model for mixed-mode\n oscillations, which occurs in chemistry. ", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 399, 166, 165, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-15", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "14", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "visualization", "dynamical systems" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "loeffelmann-1996-CVA-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 3130702, "path": "Publication:loeffelmann-1996-CVA", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/loeffelmann-1996-CVA/loeffelmann-1996-CVA-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/loeffelmann-1996-CVA/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Neumann-1996-AEC", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Automatic Exposure in Computer Graphics based on the\n\t\t Minimum Information Loss Principle", "date": "1996-03", "abstract": "The available contrast of common display devices is\nmuch lower than image data often demand. Usually a\nvariant of an average of the field of view is used\nto normalize the image. In this paper an alternative\napproach will be taken to define the mapping of\nrendered values to the displayable intensity range.\nThe luminance range is chosen such that a minimum\namount of information is lost, thereby preserving\nthe contrast ratio of all correctly displayed\nparts. The loss of information can be regulated by\ndifferent error functions. The introduced method\n\t\t can be applied on the color and gray scale images", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 177, 235, 190 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-08", "pages_from": "", "pages_to": "", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "color mapping" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Neumann-1996-AEC-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 680366, "path": "Publication:Neumann-1996-AEC", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Neumann-1996-AEC/Neumann-1996-AEC-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Neumann-1996-AEC/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Matkovic-1996-ICM", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Interactive Calibration of the Mapping of Global\n\t\t Illumination Values to Display Devices", "date": "1996-03", "abstract": "A different approach to mapping the global illumination\nvalues to display devices is introduced. The final\nimage is displayed with appropriate atmosphere,\nthereby the luminances in absolute units are not\nneeded, what makes the method suitable for a wide\nrange of rendering software. The method is inspired\nby the photographersÕ approach. The results strongly\ndepend on user setting, thus making the method\n\t\t completely subjective.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 235, 177 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-07", "pages_from": "", "pages_to": "", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "color mapping" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Matkovic-1996-ICM-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 596945, "path": "Publication:Matkovic-1996-ICM", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Matkovic-1996-ICM/Matkovic-1996-ICM-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Matkovic-1996-ICM/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "groeller-1996-ACE", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Autostereograms - Classification and Experimental\n Investigations", "date": "1996-03", "abstract": "One important branch in computer graphics is the research\nfor representing three-dimensional objects. Many different\ntechniques have been developed to convey to a user of a\ntwo-dimensional medium that he sees a three-dimensional\nscene. Apart from realistic image synthesis, e.g., ray\ntracing and radiostiy, there are techniques which try to\ngenerate a real three-dimensional impression for the viewer.\nIn the last years a new technique to produce such pictures\nhas gained popularity. The generated images are called\nautostereograms. An interesting feature with this technique\nis, that only single pictures have to be produced and that\nno additional equipment is needed to produce a three\ndimensional impression. Therefore autostereograms are also\ncalled 'single image stereograms' (SIS). This work gives an\noverview on the technique of autostereograms. After a short\ndescription of the algorithms to generate autostereograms a\ndetailed classification is introduced. After that the\nperceptability of autostereograms and software related to\nthe topic is discussed. Moreover, experiments with animated\nautostereograms will be presented. Finally some experiments\nconcerning the usage and change of colors in autostereograms\nand the combination of two depth-scenes within one image\n will be discussed.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 428, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-09", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "9", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Autostereograms" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "groeller-1996-ACE-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 273025, "path": "Publication:groeller-1996-ACE", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/groeller-1996-ACE/groeller-1996-ACE-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/groeller-1996-ACE/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "gervautz-1996-SMU", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Studierstube - A Multi-User Augmented Reality Environment\n for Visualization and Education", "date": "1996-03", "abstract": "We propose an architecture for augmented reality\napplications. Three-dimensional stereoscopic graphics\nis presented to group of users wearing light weight\nsee-through displays simultaneously. Individuals can\nindependently control their viewpoint, and configure the\ndisplayed data to their likings and needs. As everybody\nsees the same model, and at the same time users see each\nother, working together is very effective. Numerous\napplications are possible, mostly for information\nvisualization and education purposes. To support our claims,\nwe describe the client server software architecture\nunderlying this system, and some of the details of technical\ndetails that must be addressed to create a high-quality\n augmented reality setting.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 249, 202, 234, 425, 426, 427 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-10", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "8", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "augmented reality", "multi-user applications", "distributed graphics" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "gervautz-1996-SMU-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 47582, "path": "Publication:gervautz-1996-SMU", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/gervautz-1996-SMU/gervautz-1996-SMU-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/gervautz-1996-SMU/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "mazuryk-1996-VRH", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Virtual Reality History, Applications, Technology and\n Future", "date": "1996-02", "abstract": "Virtual Reality (VR), sometimes called Virtual\nEnvironments (VE) has drawn much attention in the last few\nyears. Extensive media coverage causes this interest to\ngrow rapidly. Very few people, however, really know what\nVR is, what its basic principles and its open problems are.\nIn this paper a historical overview of virtual reality is\npresented, basic terminology and classes of VR systems are\nlisted, followed by applications of this technology in\nscience, work, and entertainment areas. An insightful\nstudy of typical VR systems is done. All components of VR\napplication and interrelations between them are thoroughly\nexamined: input devices, output devices and software.\nAdditionally human factors and their implication on the\ndesign issues of VE are discussed. Finally, the future of\nVR is considered in two aspects: technological and social.\nNew research directions, technological frontiers and\npotential applications are pointed out. The possible\npositive and negative influence of VR on life of average\n people is speculated.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 238, 249 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-06", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "72", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Virtual Reality", "history of VR", "applications of VR", "technology of VR", "future of VR" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "mazuryk-1996-VRH-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 3028188, "path": "Publication:mazuryk-1996-VRH", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/mazuryk-1996-VRH/mazuryk-1996-VRH-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/mazuryk-1996-VRH/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Schaufler-1996-HFI", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "High Fidelity for Immersive Displays", "date": "1996-01", "abstract": "Head-tracked immersive displays suffer from lag and\nnon-uniform frame rates. A novel rendering architecture\nis proposed that combines head prediction with dynamic\nimpostors for 3-D image correction and achieves bounded\n frame rates and significantly reduced lag.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 422, 238, 202 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-02", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "2", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "virtual reality", "head tracking", "immersion", "lag", "prediction", "uniform frame rates", "impostors" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Schaufler-1996-HFI-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 19066, "path": "Publication:Schaufler-1996-HFI", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schaufler-1996-HFI/Schaufler-1996-HFI-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schaufler-1996-HFI/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Schmalstieg-1996-DDG", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Demand-Driven Geometry Transmission for Distributed\n Virtual Environments", "date": "1996-01", "abstract": "We present a strategy for rendering in distributed virtual\nenvironments. A geometry database is maintained by a server,\nwhile user invoke individual clients to interact with the\nenvironment. Instead of downloading a complete copy of the\ngeometry data, the data is distributed on demand, thus\ngaining significant savings in network bandwidth. Our strategy\ncombines several techniques, including levels of detail,\nprogressive refinement and graceful degradation to deliver\nthe data 'just in time' over the network to the rendering\nprocess. The method allows operate on a tight resource budget,\nwhich important if attempting to use low cost systems for\n virtual reality applications.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 202, 249 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-01", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "12", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "virtual reality", "distributed graphics", "multi-user applications", "levels of detail" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Schmalstieg-1996-DDG-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 99527, "path": "Publication:Schmalstieg-1996-DDG", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-DDG/Schmalstieg-1996-DDG-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Schmalstieg-1996-DDG/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "groeller-1996-avn", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Analysis and Visualization of Nonlinear Time Sequences", "date": "1996-01", "abstract": "During the last years there has been a considerable\nincrease in the interest in nonlinear dynamical systems.\nMore and more scientists apply nonlinear techniques to\nanalyze their data sets which are often given as discrete\ntime sequences. This paper gives a short overview on\nnonlinear systems and time sequences resulting from such\nnonlinear systems. The concept of attractors is explained\nand Poincare maps are described. The analysis of time\nsequences is discussed with respect to applying\nvisualization techniques as steering tools in the\ninvestigation process. Because discrete time sequences\nresulting from measurements are typically affected by noise\na signal - noise separation has to be done. The method of\ntime delays is then subsequently used for phase-space\nreconstruction. Important numbers to characterize dynamical\nsystems are fractal dimension and Lyapunov exponents. These\nconcepts are therefore treated as well. A low cost\nvisualization system (AVTS) was implemented which is\ndesigned to specifically support a researcher in his\ninvestigation of nonlinear time sequences. Emphasis has\nbeen put on handling of large data sets, as well as fast\ninteractive manipulation and visual representation of time\nsequences. The visual inspection with AVTS allows the\nresearch to quickly focus his investigation on interesting\n portions of the data.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 429, 166 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-05", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "10", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Visualization", "Time Sequences", "Nonlinearity", "Fractal Dimension" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "groeller-1996-avn-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 443391, "path": "Publication:groeller-1996-avn", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/groeller-1996-avn/groeller-1996-avn-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/groeller-1996-avn/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Traxler-1996-CTB", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Calculation of Tight Bounding Volumes for Cyclic CSG-Graphs", "date": "1996-01", "abstract": "This paper describes how to adapt conventional optimization\ntechniques to cyclic CSG graphs, which are a compact\nrepresentation for the ray tracing of objects defined by\nparallel rewriting systems. For CSG trees a hierarchy of\nbounding volumes is buildt up by a simple recursive algorithm.\nA straight forward transition of this algorithm to CSG graphs\nyields to very huge and thus useless bounding volumes. In this\npaper we introduce an algorithm which calculates tight\nbounding volumes for the nodes of cyclic CSG graphs. This\nmethod can also be applied to CSG trees with explicit\n transformation nodes or CSG dags.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 237, 249 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-03", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "10", "research_areas": [ "Geometry" ], "keywords": [ "CSG Graphs", "Bounding Volumes", "Ray Tracing" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Traxler-1996-CTB-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 77960, "path": "Publication:Traxler-1996-CTB", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Traxler-1996-CTB/Traxler-1996-CTB-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Traxler-1996-CTB/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Traxler-1996-GAI", "type_id": "techreport", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Using Genetic Algorithms to Improve the Visual Quality of Fractal Plants Generated with CSG-PL-Systems", "date": "1996-01", "abstract": "PL-systems are a powerful and flexible technique for plant\nmodeling. Unfortunately it is a hard task to specify a\nPL-system, that generates a desired plant. Especially the\ntuning of the parameter values is time consuming and demands\na lot of experience from the user. In this paper we describe\nhow to apply genetic algorithms to CSG-PL-systems, which are\na special class of PL-systems. A decomposition of\nCSG-PL-systems is introduced to extract those parts, which\ncan serve as genotype. Mutation and mating, the two major\noperations of evolution techniques, are applied to this data\nset. With the described method it is possible to find easily\nnatural looking individuals out of a species that is\n described in an abstract way by the underlying CSG-PL-system.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 237, 249 ], "number": "TR-186-2-96-04", "pages_from": "1", "pages_to": "10", "research_areas": [ "Modeling" ], "keywords": [ "Genetic algorithms", "artificial evolution", "CSG-PL-systems", "natural phenomena" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "Traxler-1996-GAI-paper.gz", "type": "application/octet-stream", "size": 335693, "path": "Publication:Traxler-1996-GAI", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Traxler-1996-GAI/Traxler-1996-GAI-paper.gz", "thumb_image_sizes": [] } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Traxler-1996-GAI/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "Aram-thesis", "type_id": "phdthesis", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Der Vierphasen-Wegsuchalgorithmus zur Berechnung von Rohrleitungsführungen im Anlagenbau", "date": "1996", "abstract": null, "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 239 ], "date_end": "1996", "supervisor": [ 190 ], "research_areas": [], "keywords": [], "weblinks": [], "files": [], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Aram-thesis/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "xmas-1996", "type_id": "xmascard", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "X-Mas 1996", "date": "1996", "abstract": "Die Weihnachtsmänner wurden mit kommerzieller 3D-Software und der Hintergrund mit am Institut entwickelter Stereogramm-Software berechnet. Betrachten Sie den Bildschirm aus etwa 20-30 cm Entfernung, und versuchen Sie, unfokussiert mit entspannten Augen \"durch\" den Schirm hindurchzuschauen. Nach einiger Zeit stellen sich Ihre Augen scharf, und Sie sollten die Weihnachts-männer im Raum schweben sehen. Versuchen Sie dann auch das 3D-Bild im Hintergrund zu erkennen!\n\nThe image was rendered using commercial software for the Santas and in-house developed stereogram software for the background. View the picture from a distance of 20-30 cms (approx. 10\") and try to look \"through\" the screen, letting your eyes focus slowly. After a while you should be able to see the Santas floating in front of the screen. 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