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        "id": "zotti-2007-hdr",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Measuring Light Pollution with a Calibrated High Dynamic Range All-Sky Image Acquisition System",
        "date": "2007-10",
        "abstract": "Combining series of exposures with different exposure times made with a digital SLR camera and a ﬁsh-eye lens allow to create high-resolution images that contain the full dynamic\nrange of daylight, including the Sun, usable as scene background and for skylight illumination computation purposes. These High Dynamic Range (HDR) images can also be calibrated with a luminance meter, so the image\ndata contain meaningful values, and the system becomes a measuring device. At night, long-time exposures can be combined, and the setup, once ﬁne-calibrated with a Sky Quality\nMeter or another low-level light measuring device, becomes a valuable tool to provide absolute values of sky brightness. Using data from\nthe astronomical literature, false-colour plots of sky luminance can be created that closely match visual estimation of visible stellar magnitudes.",
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        "authors": [
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        "address": "Bled",
        "booktitle": "DARKSKY2007 - 7th European Symposium for the Protection of the Night Sky",
        "date_from": "2007-10-05",
        "date_to": "2007-10-06",
        "editor": "Andrej Mohar",
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        "location": "Bled",
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        "keywords": [
            "HDR imaging",
            "Light Pollution",
            "Skylight"
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    {
        "id": "zotti-2007-wscg",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Critical Review of the Preetham Skylight Model",
        "date": "2007-01",
        "abstract": "The Preetham skylight model is currently one of the most widely used\n  analytic models of skylight luminance in computer graphics.\n  Despite its widespread use, very little work has been carried out to verify the results generated by the model, both in terms of the luminance patterns it generates, and in terms of numerical reliability and stability.\n\nWe have implemented the model in Mathematica, visualise and discuss those parameter ranges which exhibit problematic behaviour, and compare the computed luminance values with references from literature, especially the 15 standard skylight distributions of the CIE 2003 Standard General Sky.\n\nWe also performed luminance measurements on real cloudless skies, and compare these measurements to the predictions of the model.",
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        "authors": [
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            192,
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        "booktitle": "WSCG ",
        "date_from": "2007-01-29",
        "date_to": "2007-02-01",
        "editor": "Vaclav Skala",
        "isbn": "978-80-86943-02-2",
        "lecturer": [
            222
        ],
        "location": "Plzen",
        "pages_from": "23",
        "pages_to": "30",
        "publisher": "University of West Bohemia",
        "research_areas": [
            "Rendering"
        ],
        "keywords": [
            "Verification",
            "Skylight"
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2007/zotti-2007-wscg/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "daubner-2007-HDR",
        "type_id": "studentproject",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "HDR Capturing Tool for Canon EOS Digital SLRs",
        "date": "2007",
        "abstract": "This camera remote control program for MS Windows can be used to take time-triggered series of photographs with different exposure times to be later combined into HDR (high dynamic range) images. Works with Canon EOS 1D (several models), 20D, 5D, 350D. ",
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "authors": [
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        "supervisor": [
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        "keywords": [
            "Canon EOS Digital SLR",
            "Remote Control",
            "Software",
            "High Dynamic Range"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
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                "filetitle": "canonHDRcapture",
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                "name": "daubner-2007-HDR-canonHDRcapture.zip",
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                "filetitle": "User Manual",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2007/daubner-2007-HDR/",
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    {
        "id": "zotti-2007-PhD",
        "type_id": "phdthesis",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Computer Graphics in Historical and Modern Sky Observations",
        "date": "2007",
        "abstract": "This work describes work done in three areas of research where sky observations meet\ncomputer graphics. The whole topic covers several millennia of human history\nand posed combined challenges from fields including archaeology, astronomy,\ncultural heritage, digital image processing and computer graphics.\n\nThe first part presents interdisciplinary work done in the fields of\narchaeo-astronomy, visualisation and virtual reconstruction. A novel diagram\nhas been developed which provides an intuitive, easy visualisation to\ninvestigate archaeological survey maps for evidence of astronomically\nmotivated orientation of buildings. This visualisation was developed and first\napplied to a certain class of neolithic circular structures in Lower Austria\nin order to investigate the idea of solar orientation of access doorways.\nThis diagram and its intuitive interpretation allowed the author to set up a new\nhypothesis about practical astronomical activities in the middle neolithic\nperiod in central Europe.\n\nHow virtual reconstructions of these buildings characteristic for a short time\nduring the neolithic epoch can be combined with the excellent sky simulation\nof a modern planetarium to communicate these results to a broader audience is\ndescribed thereafter.\n\nThe second part of this work describes a certain class of historical scientific\ninstruments for sky observations and its reconstruction with methods of\ncomputer graphics.\nLong after the stone age, in the Middle Ages, the astrolabe was the most celebrated\ninstrument for celestial observations and has been explained in contemporary\nliterature, usually with the help of precomputed tables for a certain size or\nkind of instrument. Today, historical exhibitions frequently present one of\nthese instruments, but its various applications are hard to explain to the\ngeneral audience without hands-on demonstration.\nFor this challenge from the cultural heritage domain,\nan approach using the idea of procedural modelling is presented. Here, a\ncomputer graphics model is not statically drawn but specified by parametrised\nplotting functions, which can then be repeatedly executed with different\nparameters to create the final model. This approach is demonstrated to provide\na very flexible solution which can immediately be applied to specific needs\njust by tweaking a few parameters, instead of having to repetitively draw the whole model manually.\nFrom the two-dimensional procedural model, 3D models can be easily created,\nand even the production of wooden instruments on a Laser engraver/plotter is\ndemonstrated.\n\nThe third and longest part deals with methods of sky simulation and rendering\nin the domain of computer graphics.  In this discipline, modelling of skylight\nand atmospheric effects has developed tremendously over the last two decades,\nwhich is covered by an extensive survey of literature from the computer\ngraphics and also atmosphere physics domains.\n\nThe requirements of physically correct or at least plausible rendering include\nrealistic values for sky brightness.  Measurements performed with a luminance\nmeter on a clear sky in order to verify the currently most widely used\nanalytic skylight model [Preetham 1999] shows however its limited\napplicability.\n\nThere are two classical groups of clear-sky models: numerical simulations of\nscattering in the atmosphere, and fast analytical models.  Recently, another\nmethod for more realistic looking skylight models has been developed: digital\nimages taken with a fisheye lens are combined into high dynamic range images\nwhich can be used for scene illumination and as sky background. These\nimages can be calibrated by photometric measurements of absolute luminance\nvalues. Long-time exposures allow to apply this system to quantitative\ninvestigations of sky brightness, sky colours, and also nocturnal light pollution by artificial\nillumination. Results and other applications of the system are described, and\nthe pipeline for creating such images is described in the appendix.\n\nThis work closes with some notes of future directions of research.",
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "date_end": "2007-11",
        "date_start": "2005-01",
        "supervisor": [
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            192
        ],
        "research_areas": [
            "Rendering"
        ],
        "keywords": [
            "Astrolabe",
            "Archaeo-Astronomy",
            "Skydome Visualisation",
            "Cultural Heritage",
            "Sky Measurements"
        ],
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    {
        "id": "zotti-2006-pla",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Using Virtual Reconstructions in a Planetarium for Demonstrations in Archaeo-Astronomy",
        "date": "2006-11",
        "abstract": "In the last decades, archaeologists in central Europe have found\n  traces of enigmatic neolithic circular building structures buried in\n  the soil. Recent studies indicate that the orientation of many of their\n  doorways may have been chosen with an astronomical background in mind.\n\n  This paper explains the use of virtual reconstructions of these\n  buildings from archaeological data, in combination with a simulation\n  of the sky of that time in a Planetarium, to present the\n  astronomical findings to the public.",
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            "image_height": 240,
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            "size": 22360,
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        "authors": [
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        "booktitle": "Third Central European Multimedia and Virtual Reality Conference (Proc.  CEMVRC2006)",
        "date_from": "2006-11-06",
        "date_to": "2006-11-08",
        "editor": "Cecilia Sik Lanyi ",
        "isbn": "963-9495-89-1",
        "lecturer": [
            222
        ],
        "location": "Eger",
        "pages_from": "43",
        "pages_to": "51",
        "publisher": "Pannonian University Press",
        "research_areas": [
            "Modeling",
            "Rendering"
        ],
        "keywords": [
            "Virtual Reality",
            "Public Dissemination",
            "Archaeo-Astronomy"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "id": "wilkie-2006-dfs",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Reflectance Model for Diffuse Fluorescent Surfaces",
        "date": "2006-11",
        "abstract": "Fluorescence is an interesting and visually prominent effect, which has not been fully covered by Computer Graphics research so far.\n\nWhile the physical phenomenon of ﬂuorescence has been addressed in isolation, the actual reﬂection behaviour of real ﬂuorescent surfaces has never been documented, and no analytical BRDF models for such surfaces have been published yet.\n\nThis paper aims to illustrate the reﬂection properties typical for diffuse ﬂuorescent surfaces, and provides a BRDF model based on a layered microfacet approach that mimics them.",
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            "preview_size": 96433,
            "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2006/wilkie-2006-dfs/wilkie-2006-dfs-.pdf",
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        "authors": [
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        "booktitle": "Proceedings of Graphite 2006",
        "date_from": "2006-11-29",
        "date_to": "2006-12-02",
        "isbn": "1-59593-564-9",
        "location": "Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia",
        "pages": "8",
        "pages_from": "321",
        "pages_to": "328",
        "research_areas": [
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        ],
        "keywords": [
            "Fluorescence",
            "Analytical BRDF models"
        ],
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    {
        "id": "zotti-2006-dgm",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Sky Dome Visualisation for Identification of Astronomical Orientations",
        "date": "2006",
        "abstract": "It has long been known that ancient temples were frequently oriented\n  along the cardinal directions or to certain points along the horizon\n  where the Sun or the Moon rises or sets on special days of the year.  In the\n  last decades, archaeologists have found evidence of even older\n  building structures buried in the soil, with doorways that also\n  appear to have distinct orientations.\n\n  This paper presents a novel diagram combining archaeological maps\n  with a folded-apart, flattened view of the whole sky, showing the\n  local horizon and the daily paths of the Sun, Moon and brighter stars.\n  By use of this diagram, interesting groupings of astronomical\n  orientation directions, e.g. to certain sunrise and sunset points\n  could be identified, which were evidently used to mark certain days\n  of the year. Orientations towards rising and setting points of a few\n  significant stars very likely indicated the beginning of the\n  agricultural year in the middle neolithic period.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": {
            "description": "This diagram combines an archaeological map (center) with horizon data (black irregular ring) and sky data for the archaeological site. Possible astronomical alignments can immediately be recognized.",
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        "title": "A Sky Dome Visualisation for Identification of Astronomical Orientations",
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        "abstract": "  It has long been known that ancient temples were frequently oriented along the cardinal directions or to certain points along the horizon where Sun or Moon rise or set on special days of the year.  In the last decades, archaeologists have found evidence of even older building structures buried in the soil, with doorways that also   appear to have distinct orientations.\n\n  This paper presents a novel diagram combining archaeological maps with a folded-apart, flattened view of the whole sky, showing the local horizon and the daily paths of sun, moon and brighter stars. By use of this diagram, interesting groupings of astronomical   orientation directions, e.g. to certain sunrise and sunset points   could be identified, which were evidently used to mark certain days\n  of the year. Orientations to a few significant stars very likely   indicated the beginning of the agricultural year in the middle\n  neolithic period.",
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    {
        "id": "Wilkie-2004-AMS",
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        "title": "An Analytical Model for Skylight Polarisation",
        "date": "2004-06",
        "abstract": "Under certain circumstances the polarisation state of the illumination can have a significant influence on the appearance of scenes; outdoor scenes with specular surfaces -- such as water bodies or windows -- under clear, blue skies are good examples of such environments. In cases like that it can be essential to use a polarising renderer if a true prediction of nature is intended, but so far no polarising skylight models have been presented.\n  \nThis paper presents a plausible analytical model for the polarisation of the light emitted from a clear sky. Our approach is based on a suitable combination of several components with well-known characteristics, and yields acceptable results in considerably less time than an exhaustive simulation of the underlying atmospheric scattering phenomena would require.",
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        "booktitle": "Proceedings of the Eurographics Symposium on Rendering",
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