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        "title": "MammoExplorer: An Advanced CAD Application for Breast DCE-MRI",
        "date": "2005-11",
        "abstract": "Currently X-ray mammography is the most widely used method for early detection of breast cancer. However, the use of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced\r\nMRI (DCE-MRI) has gained wider attention, since it considerably improves tumor detection and classification by analyzing the flow of contrast agent within the breast tissue. In this paper we present MammoExplorer, a CAD application that combines advanced interaction, segmentation and visualization techniques to explore Breast DCE-MRI data. Our application uses Brushing and Linking, Two-level Volume Rendering, Importance-driven Volume Rendering, and False Color Maps. In addition, we present Enhancement\r\nScatterplots, a novel graphical representation of DCE-MRI data, novel segmentation approaches, and a new way to explore time-varying CE-MRI\r\ndata.",
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        "booktitle": "Proceedings of Vision, Modelling, and Visualization 2005",
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        "editor": "G. Greiner, J. Hornegger, H. Niemann, M. Stamminger",
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        "title": "Illustrative Context-Preserving Volume Rendering",
        "date": "2005-05",
        "abstract": "In volume rendering it is very difficult to simultaneously visualize interior and exterior structures while preserving clear shape cues. Very transparent transfer functions produce cluttered images with many overlapping structures, while clipping techniques completely remove possibly important context information. In this paper we present a new model for volume rendering, inspired by techniques from illustration that provides a means of interactively inspecting the interior of a volumetric data set in a feature-driven way which retains context information. The context-preserving volume rendering model uses a function of shading intensity, gradient magnitude, distance to the eye point, and previously accumulated opacity to selectively reduce the opacity in less important data regions. It is controlled by two user-specified parameters. This new method represents an alternative to conventional clipping techniques, shares their easy and intuitive user control, but does not suffer from the drawback of missing context information. ",
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        "id": "groeller-2005-dia",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Diagnostic Relevant Visualization of Vascular Structures ",
        "date": "2005",
        "abstract": "Traditional volume visualization techniques sometimes provide incomplete clinical\r\ninformation needed for applications in medical visualization. In the area of vascular visualization\r\nimportant features such as the lumen of a diseased vessel segment may not be\r\nvisible. One way to display vascular structures for diagnostic purposes is to generate longitudinal\r\ncross-sections in order to show their lumen, wall, and surrounding tissue in a curved\r\nplane. Curved planar reformation (CPR) has proven to be an acceptable practical solution.\r\nWe discuss four different methods to generate CPR images from single vessel segments: Projected\r\nCPR, stretched CPR, straightened CPR, and helical CPR. Furthermore we investigate\r\nthree different methods for displaying vascular trees: Multi-path projected CPR, multi-path\r\nstretched CPR, and untangled CPR. The principle concept of each method is discussed and\r\ndetailed information for the realization is given. In addition the properties, advantages and\r\ndisadvantages of each method are summarized.",
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        "tu_id": null,
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        "title": "Importance-Driven Feature Enhancement in Volume Visualization",
        "date": "2005",
        "abstract": "This paper presents importance-driven feature enhancement as a technique for the automatic generation of cut-away and ghosted views out of volumetric data. The presented focus+context approach removes or suppresses less important parts of a scene to reveal more important underlying information. however, less important parts are fully visible in those regions, where important visual information is not lost, i.e., more relevant features are not occluded.\r\nFeatures within the volumetric data are first classified according to a new dimension denoted as object importance.\r\nThis property determines which structures should be readily discernible and which structures are less important.\r\nNext, for each feature various representations (levels of sparseness) from a dense to a sparse depiction are defined. Levels of sparseness define a spectrum of optical properties or rendering styles. The resulting image is generated by ray-casting and combining the intersected features proportional to their importance (importance compositing).\r\nThe paper includes an extended discussion on several possible schemes for levels of sparseness specification. Furthermore different approaches to importance compositing are treated.",
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    {
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        "title": "Memory Allocation Strategies for Large Volumetric Data-Sets",
        "date": "2004-12",
        "abstract": "Since the development of medical three dimensional imaging devices\r\nin the 1970s, volumetric data processing has tremendously gained in\r\nimportance. With the growing size of the data-sets, exhausting the\r\ncapabilities of the hardware of its time, methods for efficient\r\nvolumetric data processing have been always a hot topic. In this\r\ndiploma thesis two approaches for processing large volumetric\r\ndata-sets are presented. Both approaches utilize a block volume for\r\nstoring the data. Further data compression and out-of-core\r\nprocessing are incorporated. Efficiency is achieved by processing\r\nonly the required portion of data while omitting the non-related\r\ndata having no effect on the intended result of the algorithm. This\r\nis supported by utilization of the knowledge about access patterns\r\nof the algorithm. Also methods for optimizing the efficiency by\r\nexploiting architectural properties of the computer hardware are\r\npresented.",
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        "id": "Viola-2004-ImpX2",
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        "title": "Importance-Driven Volume Rendering",
        "date": "2004-10",
        "abstract": "This paper introduces importance-driven volume rendering as a\r\nnovel technique for automatic focus and context display of volumetric\r\ndata. Our technique is a generalization of cut-away views,\r\nwhich – depending on the viewpoint – remove or suppress less important\r\nparts of a scene to reveal more important underlying information.\r\nWe automatize and apply this idea to volumetric data.\r\nEach part of the volumetric data is assigned an object importance\r\nwhich encodes visibility priority. This property determines which\r\nstructures should be readily discernible and which structures are\r\nless important. In those image regions, where an object occludes\r\nmore important structures it is displayed more sparsely than in those\r\nareas where no occlusion occurs. Thus the objects of interest are\r\nclearly visible. For each object several representations, i.e., levels of\r\nsparseness, are specified. The display of an individual object may\r\nincorporate different levels of sparseness. The goal is to emphasize\r\nimportant structures and to maximize the information content in the\r\nfinal image.\r\nThis paper also discusses several possible schemes for level of\r\nsparseness specification and different ways how object importance\r\ncan be composited to determine the final appearance of a particular\r\nobject.",
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        "publisher": "H. Rushmeier, G. Turk, J. van Wijk",
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    {
        "id": "GRIMM-2004-FDMX-P",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Flexible Direct Multi-Volume Rendering in Interactive Scenes",
        "date": "2004-10",
        "abstract": "In this paper we describe methods to efficiently visualize multiple ntersecting volumetric objects. We introduce the concept of V-Objects. V-Objects represent abstract properties of an object connected to a volumetric data source. We present a method to perform direct volume rendering of a scene comprised of an arbitrary number of possibly intersecting V-Objects. The idea of our approach is to distinguish between regions of intersection, which need costly multi-volume processing, and regions containing only one V-Object, which can be processed using a highly efficient brick-wise volume traversal scheme. Using this method, we achieve significant performance gains for multi-volume rendering. We show possible medical applications, such as surgical planning, diagnosis, and education.",
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    {
        "id": "grimm-2004-arefined",
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        "title": "A Refined Data Addressing and Processing Scheme to Accelerate Volume Raycasting",
        "date": "2004-10",
        "abstract": "Most volume rendering systems based on CPU volume raycasting still suffer from inefficient CPU utilization and high memory usage. To target these issues we present a new technique for efficient data addressing. Furthermore, we introduce a new processing scheme for volume raycasting which exploits thread-level parallelism—a technology now supported by commodity computer architectures.",
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        "title": "Semi-Automatic Topology Independent Contour-Based 2 1/2 D Segmentation Using Live-Wire",
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        "title": "Hardware-Based Nonlinear Filtering and Segmentation using High-Level Shading Languages.",
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        "abstract": "Non-linear filtering is an important task for volume analysis. This\r\npaper presents hardware-based implementations of various nonlinear\r\nfilters for volume smoothing with edge preservation. The\r\nCg high-level shading language is used in combination with latest\r\nPC consumer graphics hardware. Filtering is divided into pervertex\r\nand per-fragment stages. In both stages we propose techniques\r\nto increase the filtering performance. The vertex program\r\npre-computes texture coordinates in order to address all contributing\r\ninput samples of the operator mask. Thus additional computations\r\nare avoided in the fragment program. The presented fragment\r\nprograms preserve cache coherence, exploit 4D vector arithmetic,\r\nand internal fixed point arithmetic to increase performance. We\r\nshow the applicability of non-linear filters as part of a GPU-based\r\nsegmentation pipeline. The resulting binary mask is compressed\r\nand decompressed in the graphics memory on-the-fly.",
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        "abstract": "In this paper a novel technique for smooth shape-based interpolation of volume data\r\nis introduced.\r\nPreviously simple linear interpolation of signed\r\ndistance maps has been used in practice. As it will be shown, this approach\r\nresults in artifacts, since sharp edges appear along the original slices.\r\nIn order to obtain a smooth 3D implicit function generated\r\nby interpolating 2D distance maps, we use a global interpolation method instead of a\r\nhigher order local technique. The global curvature of the implicit function representing\r\nan isosurface is minimized using an iterative conjugate gradient method.\r\nBecause of the iterative approach the user can easily control the trade-off between\r\nthe smoothness of the isosurface and the computational cost of the refinement.\r\nAs opposed to previous techniques, like variational interpolation, our method can\r\ngenerate a reasonably good approximation of the ideal solution in a significantly\r\n                  shorter time.",
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