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        "title": "Fast occlusion-based point cloud exploration",
        "date": "2021-09",
        "abstract": "Large-scale unstructured point cloud scenes can be quickly visualized without prior reconstruction by utilizing levels-of-detail structures to load an appropriate subset from out-of-core storage for rendering the current view. However, as soon as we need structures within the point cloud, e.g., for interactions between objects, the construction of state-of-the-art data structures requires O(NlogN) time for N points, which is not feasible in real time for millions of points that are possibly updated in each frame. Therefore, we propose to use a surface representation structure which trades off the (here negligible) disadvantage of single-frame use for both output-dominated and near-linear construction time in practice, exploiting the inherent 2D property of sampled surfaces in 3D. This structure tightly encompasses the assumed surface of unstructured points in a set of bounding depth intervals for each cell of a discrete 2D grid. The sorted depth samples in the structure permit fast surface queries, and on top of that an occlusion graph for the scene comes almost for free. This graph enables novel real-time user operations such as revealing partially occluded objects, or scrolling through layers of occluding objects, e.g., walls in a building. As an example application we showcase a 3D scene exploration framework that enables fast, more sophisticated interactions with point clouds rendered in real time.",
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        "doi": "10.1007/s00371-021-02243-x",
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        "title": "Automatic Interior Design in Augmented Reality Based on Hierarchical Tree of Procedural Rules",
        "date": "2021",
        "abstract": "Augmented reality has a high potential in interior design due to its capability of visualizing numerous prospective designs directly in a target room. In this paper, we present our research on utilization of augmented reality for interactive and personalized furnishing. We propose a new algorithm for automated interior design which generates sensible and personalized furniture configurations. This algorithm is combined with mobile augmented reality system to provide a user with an interactive interior design try-out tool. Personalized design is achieved via a recommender system which uses user preferences and room data as input. We conducted three user studies to explore different aspects of our research. The first study investigated the user preference between augmented reality and on-screen visualization for interactive interior design. In the second user study, we studied the user preference between our algorithm for automated interior design and optimization-based algorithm. Finally, the third study evaluated the probability of sensible design generation by the compared algorithms. The main outcome of our research suggests that augmented reality is viable technology for interactive home furnishing.",
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        "title": "Cut and Paint: Occlusion-Aware Subset Selection for Surface Processing",
        "date": "2017-05",
        "abstract": "User-guided surface selection operations are straightforward for visible regions on a convex model. However, concave surfaces present a challenge because self-occlusions require multiple camera positions to get unobstructed views. Therefore, users often have to locate and switch to new unobstructed views in order to continue the operation. Our novel approach enables operations like painting or cutting in a single view, even on the backside of objects and for arbitrary depth complexity, with interactive performance. Continuous projection of a curve drawn in screen space onto the mesh guarantees seamless brush strokes or manifold cuts, unaffected by any occlusions.\n\nOur occlusion-aware surface-processing method enables a number of applications in an easy way. As examples, we show continuous painting on the surface, selecting regions for texturing, creating illustrative cutaways from nested models and animation of cutaways.",
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        "doi": "10.20380/GI2017.11",
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        "publisher": "Canadian Human-Computer Communications Society / Soci{\\'e}t{\\'e} canadienne du dialogue humain-machine",
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        "title": "Efficient Collision Detection While Rendering Dynamic Point Clouds",
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        "abstract": "A recent trend in interactive environments is the use of unstructured\nand temporally varying point clouds. This is driven by both\naffordable depth cameras and augmented reality simulations. One\nresearch question is how to perform collision detection on such\npoint clouds. State-of-the-art methods for collision detection create\na spatial hierarchy in order to capture dynamic point cloud surfaces,\nbut they require O(NlogN) time for N points. We propose\na novel screen-space representation for point clouds which exploits\nthe property of the underlying surface being 2D. In order for dimensionality\nreduction, a 3D point cloud is converted into a series\nof thickened layered depth images. This data structure can be constructed\nin O(N) time and allows for fast surface queries due to\nits increased compactness and memory coherency. On top of that,\nparts of its construction come for free since they are already handled\nby the rendering pipeline. As an application we demonstrate\nonline collision detection between dynamic point clouds. It shows\nsuperior accuracy when compared to other methods and robustness\nto sensor noise since uncertainty is hidden by the thickened boundary.",
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