[ { "id": "unterguggenberger-phdthesis", "type_id": "phdthesis", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/215967", "title": "Schnelles Rendern hochdetailierter Geometrie in Echtzeit mit modernen GPUs", "date": "2025", "abstract": "Rasterization-based graphics pipelines are still essential for rendering today’s real-time rendering applications and games. We generally see high demand for efficient rasterization-based rendering techniques. With alternative approaches, such as hardware-accelerated ray tracing, it remains challenging to render more than 60 frames per second (FPS) for many real-time applications across different GPU models, or more than 90 FPS in stereo as often demanded for a smooth experience in Virtual Reality (VR) applications.In recent years, some trends emerged which put pressure on rasterization-based graphics pipelines with high geometry loads. One of these trends is VR rendering, which sometimes not only requires rendering a given scene faster and two times in every frame but some applications or settings require even more than two views to be rendered for the creation of one single frame. Another trend was mainly initiated by Epic Games’ Nanite technology, which enables the rendering of static meshes with sub-pixel geometric detail in real time. As a consequence, skinned models and other scene objects might well be expected to be rendered in similar geometric detail, increasing the geometry load even further.With this dissertation, we contribute fundamental methods and evaluations to high geometry-load scenarios in the context of real-time rendering using rasterization-based graphics pipelines to help reach the performance or quality requirements of modern real-time rendering applications and games:We contribute an in-depth analysis of the state of the art in multi-view rendering and introduce geometry shader-based pipeline variants that can help to improve compatibility and performance in challenging multi-view rendering scenarios. We describe a fundamental approach for artifact-free culling when rendering animated 3D models divided into clusters for ultra-detailed geometry scenarios. With our approach, also parts of skinned models can be culled in a fine-grained manner to match Nanite’s fine-grained culling of static clusters. In contrast to static meshes, finding conservative bounds for clusters of animated meshes is non-trivial, but is achieved with our approach. Finally, in order to render other scene objects—such as, e.g., items or generally shapes which can be described with a parametric function—in similar geometric detail, we describe a method to generate ultra-detailed geometry on the fly: After compute shader-based level of detail (LOD) determination, the resulting parametrically defined shapes are either rendered point-wise or geometry is generated on-chip using the hardware tessellator.In our research, we regard new technological developments such as hardware-accelerated multi-view rendering, new task and mesh shader stages, efficient usage of classical shader stages (such as tessellation shaders), and generally efficient usage of the vast set of features, stages, and peculiarities of modern GPUs, with the goal to accelerate real-time rendering of ultra-detailed geometry.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": null, "sync_repositum_override": "date", "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 848 ], "ac_number": "AC17547083", "date_end": "2025-04", "date_start": "2017-01", "doi": "10.34726/hss.2025.132181", "open_access": "yes", "pages": "135", "reviewer_1": [ 1327 ], "reviewer_2": [ 198 ], "rigorosum": "2025-04-10", "supervisor": [ 193 ], "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "real-time rendering", "GPUs", "levels of detail" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "thesis", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-phdthesis-thesis.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 3031338, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-phdthesis", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/unterguggenberger-phdthesis/unterguggenberger-phdthesis-thesis.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/unterguggenberger-phdthesis/unterguggenberger-phdthesis-thesis:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "rend" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/unterguggenberger-phdthesis/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "unterguggenberger-2024-fropo", "type_id": "inproceedings", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/199275", "title": "Fast Rendering of Parametric Objects on Modern GPUs", "date": "2024-05", "abstract": "Parametric functions are an extremely efficient representation for 3D geometry, capable of compactly modelling highly complex objects. Once specified, parametric 3D objects allow for visualization at arbitrary levels of detail, at no additional memory cost, limited only by the amount of evaluated samples. However, mapping the sample evaluation to the hardware rendering pipelines of modern graphics processing units (GPUs) is not trivial. This has given rise to several specialized solutions, each targeting interactive rendering of a constrained set of parametric functions. In this paper, we propose a general method for efficient rendering of parametrically defined 3D objects. Our solution is carefully designed around modern hardware architecture. Our method adaptively analyzes, allocates and evaluates parametric function samples to produce high-quality renderings. Geometric precision can be modulated from few pixels down to sub-pixel level, enabling real-time frame rates of several 100 frames per second (FPS) for various parametric functions. We propose a dedicated level-of-detail (LOD) stage, which outputs patches of similar geometric detail to a subsequent rendering stage that uses either a hardware tessellation-based approach or performs point-based softare rasterization. Our method requires neither preprocessing nor caching, and the proposed LOD mechanism is fast enough to run each frame. Hence, our approach also lends itself to animated parametric objects. We demonstrate the benefits of our method over a state-of-the-art spherical harmonics (SH) glyph rendering method, while showing its flexibility on a range of other demanding shapes.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": "Teaser image, different parametric objects", "filetitle": "image", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 1440, "image_height": 1364, "name": "unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 2235242, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2024-fropo", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": "date,projects", "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 848, 1525, 193, 1650, 1116 ], "booktitle": "EGPGV24: Eurographics Symposium on Parallel Graphics and Visualization", "date_from": "2024-05-27", "date_to": "2024-05-27", "doi": "10.2312/pgv.20241129", "event": "Eurographics Symposium on Parallel Graphics and Visualization (2024)", "isbn": "978-3-03868-243-1", "lecturer": [ 848 ], "location": "Odense", "open_access": "yes", "pages": "12", "publisher": "The Eurographics Association", "research_areas": [ "Rendering" ], "keywords": [ "Tessellation Shaders", "Point-Based Rendering", "Parametric Objects", "Fast Rendering", "Modern GPUs" ], "weblinks": [ { "href": "https://github.com/cg-tuwien/FastRenderingOfParametricObjects", "caption": "FastRenderingOfParametricObjects", "description": "Source Code on GitHub", "main_file": 0 } ], "files": [ { "description": "Teaser image, different parametric objects", "filetitle": "image", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 1440, "image_height": 1364, "name": "unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 2235242, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2024-fropo", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": "Published Paper", "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 17591180, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2024-fropo", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo-paper:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "d9275", "rend" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/unterguggenberger-2024-fropo/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "xmas-2023", "type_id": "xmascard", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "X-Mas Card 2023", "date": "2023-12", "abstract": null, "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 2283, "image_height": 1615, "name": "xmas-2023-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 4679564, "path": "Publication:xmas-2023", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/xmas-2023/xmas-2023-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/xmas-2023/xmas-2023-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 848, 1636, 1869, 1935, 1129, 193 ], "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Christmas", "Santa Edi", "Holy Michi", "Vulkan", "Auto-Vk-Toolkit", "Auto-Vk", "Tamashii", "Cyberpunk", "RTX. It's on.", "Christmas Tree" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": "Christmas Card as PDF", "filetitle": "Card", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "xmas-2023-Card.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 1240736, "path": "Publication:xmas-2023", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/xmas-2023/xmas-2023-Card.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/xmas-2023/xmas-2023-Card:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 2283, "image_height": 1615, "name": "xmas-2023-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 4679564, "path": "Publication:xmas-2023", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/xmas-2023/xmas-2023-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/xmas-2023/xmas-2023-image:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "xmas" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/xmas-2023/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "unterguggenberger-2023-vaw", "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/175991", "title": "Vulkan all the way: Transitioning to a modern low-level graphics API in academia", "date": "2023-04", "abstract": "For over two decades, the OpenGL API provided users with the means for implementing versatile, feature-rich, and portable real-time graphics applications. Consequently, it has been widely adopted by practitioners and educators alike and is deeply ingrained in many curricula that teach real-time graphics for higher education. Over the years, the architecture of graphics processing units (GPUs) incrementally diverged from OpenGL's conceptual design. The more recently introduced Vulkan API provides a more modern, fine-grained approach for interfacing with the GPU, which allows a high level of controllability and, thereby, deep insights into the inner workings of modern GPUs. This property makes the Vulkan API especially well suitable for teaching graphics programming in university education, where fundamental knowledge shall be conveyed. Hence, it stands to reason that educators who have their students’ best interests at heart should provide them with corresponding lecture material. However, Vulkan is notoriously verbose and rather challenging for first-time users, thus transitioning to this new API bears a considerable risk of failing to achieve expected teaching goals. In this paper, we document our experiences after teaching Vulkan in both introductory and advanced graphics courses side-by-side with conventional OpenGL. A collection of surveys enables us to draw conclusions about perceived workload, difficulty, and students’ acceptance of either approach. In doing so, we identify suitable conditions and recommendations for teaching Vulkan to both undergraduate and graduate students.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 1216, "image_height": 1216, "name": "unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 1536211, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2023-vaw", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 848, 1650, 193 ], "doi": "10.1016/j.cag.2023.02.001", "issn": "1873-7684", "journal": "Computers and Graphics", "open_access": "yes", "pages": "11", "pages_from": "155", "pages_to": "165", "publisher": "Elsevier", "volume": "111", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "GPU", "Graphics API", "Programming framework", "Real-time rendering", "Teaching", "Vulkan" ], "weblinks": [ { "href": "https://github.com/cg-tuwien/VulkanLaunchpad", "caption": "Vulkan Launchpad", "description": "A framework by TU Wien targeted at Vulkan beginners.", "main_file": 1 }, { "href": "https://github.com/cg-tuwien/Auto-Vk", "caption": "Auto-Vk", "description": "A low-level convenience and productivity layer for Vulkan", "main_file": 1 }, { "href": "https://github.com/cg-tuwien/Auto-Vk-Toolkit", "caption": "Auto-Vk-Toolkit", "description": "C++ framework atop Auto-Vk for rapid prototyping, research, and teaching.", "main_file": 1 }, { "href": "https://education.siggraph.org/cgsource/content/road-vulkan-teaching-vulkan-introductory-graphics-courses", "caption": "\"The Road to Vulkan\" at cgSource", "description": "Entry at the ACM SIGGRAPH Education Committee's cgSource repository.", "main_file": 0 } ], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 1216, "image_height": 1216, "name": "unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 1536211, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2023-vaw", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 972237, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2023-vaw", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw-paper:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "d4314" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-vaw/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "unterguggenberger-2023-ait", "type_id": "talk", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/192724", "title": "An Introduction to Vulkan", "date": "2023-02-07", "abstract": "In this tutorial, we teach the fundamentals of Vulkan. Our tutorial is targeted for programmers new to the concepts of Khronos' low-level graphics API. Thus, participants are not expected to have any prior knowledge about the Vulkan API. Prior knowledge about graphics programming in general helps, but is not strictly required. At least basic proficiency with the C programming language is required.\nContent-wise, this tutorial delivers university-level knowledge, based on long-standing teaching experience at TU Wien. Vulkan-specific topics covered include essential Vulkan handles (i.e., instance, physical device, logical device, surface, and swap chain), graphics-pipeline creation and usage, descriptor set creation and binding, command buffer recording, image layout transitions, and parts of synchronization.\nIn the context of the tutorial, a 3D model viewer is implemented. A suitable programming framework is provided for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS. The tutorial is comprised of short lecture sessions and coding sessions with tutors from TU Wien assisting participants.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": "Vulkanised 2023 Logo", "filetitle": "vulkanised-logo", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 768, "image_height": 323, "name": "unterguggenberger-2023-ait-vulkanised-logo.jpg", "type": "image/jpeg", "size": 37983, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2023-ait", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-ait/unterguggenberger-2023-ait-vulkanised-logo.jpg", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-ait/unterguggenberger-2023-ait-vulkanised-logo:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 848, 1525, 1954, 5240, 1614, 1935 ], "date_from": "2023-02-07", "date_to": "2023-02-09", "event": "Vulkanised 2023", "lecturer": [ 848, 1525 ], "location": "München", "research_areas": [], "keywords": [ "Vulkan", "Graphics API", "Computer Graphics", "Real-Time Rendering", "Rendering Engine" ], "weblinks": [ { "href": "https://github.com/cg-tuwien/VulkanLaunchpad", "caption": "Vulkan Launchpad", "description": "A framework by TU Wien targeted at Vulkan beginners.", "main_file": 1 }, { "href": "https://www.vulkan.org/events/vulkanised-2023", "caption": "Vulkanised 2023", "description": "Event page on vulkan.org", "main_file": 0 } ], "files": [ { "description": "Vulkanised 2023 Logo", "filetitle": "vulkanised-logo", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 768, "image_height": 323, "name": "unterguggenberger-2023-ait-vulkanised-logo.jpg", "type": "image/jpeg", "size": 37983, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2023-ait", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-ait/unterguggenberger-2023-ait-vulkanised-logo.jpg", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-ait/unterguggenberger-2023-ait-vulkanised-logo:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2023/unterguggenberger-2023-ait/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan", "type_id": "inproceedings", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/175673", "title": "The Road to Vulkan: Teaching Modern Low-Level APIs in Introductory Graphics Courses", "date": "2022-04", "abstract": "For over two decades, the OpenGL API provided users with the means for implementing versatile, feature-rich, and portable real-time graphics applications. Consequently, it has been widely adopted by practitioners and educators alike and is deeply ingrained in many curricula that teach real-time graphics for higher education. Over the years, the architecture of graphics processing units (GPUs) incrementally diverged from OpenGL's conceptual design. The more recently introduced Vulkan API provides a more modern, fine-grained approach for interfacing with the GPU. Various properties of this API and overall trends suggest that Vulkan could soon replace OpenGL in many areas. Hence, it stands to reason that educators who have their students' best interests at heart should provide them with corresponding lecture material. However, Vulkan is notoriously verbose and rather challenging for first-time users, thus transitioning to this new API bears a considerable risk of failing to achieve expected teaching goals. In this paper, we document our experiences after teaching Vulkan in an introductory graphics course side-by-side with conventional OpenGL. A final survey enables us to draw conclusions about perceived workload, difficulty, and students' acceptance of either approach and identify suitable conditions and recommendations for teaching Vulkan to undergraduate students.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "teaser", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 1545, "image_height": 1041, "name": "unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-teaser.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 1343937, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-teaser.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-teaser:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": "date,projects,issn", "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 848, 1650, 193 ], "booktitle": "Eurographics 2022 - Education Papers", "cfp": { "name": "cfp.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "error": "0", "size": "566277", "orig_name": "cfp.pdf", "ext": "pdf" }, "date_from": "2022-04-25", "date_to": "2022-04-29", "doi": "10.2312/eged.20221043", "event": "Eurographics 2022", "isbn": "978-3-03868-170-0", "issn": "1017-4656", "lecturer": [ 848 ], "location": "Reims", "open_access": "yes", "pages": "9", "pages_from": "31", "pages_to": "39", "publisher": "The Eurographics Association", "research_areas": [ "Rendering" ], "keywords": [ "vulkan", "gpu", "opengl" ], "weblinks": [ { "href": "https://education.siggraph.org/cgsource/content/road-vulkan-teaching-vulkan-introductory-graphics-courses", "caption": "\"The Road to Vulkan\" at cgSource", "description": "Entry at the ACM SIGGRAPH Education Committee's cgSource repository.", "main_file": 0 }, { "href": "https://github.com/cg-tuwien/VulkanLaunchpad", "caption": "Vulkan Launchpad", "description": "A framework by TU Wien targeted at Vulkan beginners.", "main_file": 1 } ], "files": [ { "description": "The Road to Vulkan: Teaching Modern Low-Level APIs in Introductory Graphics Courses", "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 497883, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-paper:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": "The Road to Vulkan: Teaching Modern Low-Level APIs in Introductory Graphics Courses Slides", "filetitle": "slides", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-slides.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 3637778, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-slides.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-slides:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": null, "filetitle": "teaser", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 1545, "image_height": 1041, "name": "unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-teaser.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 1343937, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-teaser.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan-teaser:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "3DSpatialization" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2022/unterguggenberger-2022-vulkan/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "stappen_SteFAS", "type_id": "inproceedings", "tu_id": 300417, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/58631", "title": "Temporally Stable Content-Adaptive and Spatio-Temporal Shading Rate Assignment for Real-Time Applications", "date": "2021-10", "abstract": "We propose two novel methods to improve the efficiency and quality of real-time rendering applications: Texel differential-based content-adaptive shading (TDCAS) and spatio-temporally filtered adaptive shading (STeFAS). Utilizing Variable Rate Shading (VRS)-a hardware feature introduced with NVIDIA's Turing micro-architecture-and properties derived during rendering or Temporal Anti-Aliasing (TAA), our techniques adapt the resolution to improve the performance and quality of real-time applications. VRS enables different shading resolution for different regions of the screen during a single render pass. In contrast to other techniques, TDCAS and STeFAS have very little overhead for computing the shading rate. STeFAS enables up to 4x higher rendering resolutions for similar frame rates, or a performance increase of 4× at the same resolution.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "teaser", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 1227, "image_height": 799, "name": "stappen_SteFAS-teaser.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 126643, "path": "Publication:stappen_SteFAS", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/stappen_SteFAS/stappen_SteFAS-teaser.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/stappen_SteFAS/stappen_SteFAS-teaser:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 1406, 848, 1650, 193 ], "booktitle": "Pacific Graphics Short Papers, Posters, and Work-in-Progress Papers", "cfp": { "name": "cfp.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "error": "0", "size": "982263", "orig_name": "cfp.pdf", "ext": "pdf" }, "date_from": "2021-10-18", "date_to": "2021-10-21", "doi": "10.2312/pg.20211391", "editor": "Lee, Sung-Hee and Zollmann, Stefanie and Okabe, Makoto and Wünsche, Burkhard", "event": "Pacific Graphics 2021", "isbn": "978-3-03868-162-5", "lecturer": [ 1406 ], "location": "online", "organization": "The Eurographics Association", "pages": "2", "pages_from": "65", "pages_to": "66", "publisher": "Eurographics Association", "research_areas": [ "Perception", "Rendering" ], "keywords": [ "variable rate shading", "temporal antialiasing" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "stappen_SteFAS-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 173697, "path": "Publication:stappen_SteFAS", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/stappen_SteFAS/stappen_SteFAS-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/stappen_SteFAS/stappen_SteFAS-paper:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": null, "filetitle": "teaser", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 1227, "image_height": 799, "name": "stappen_SteFAS-teaser.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 126643, "path": "Publication:stappen_SteFAS", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/stappen_SteFAS/stappen_SteFAS-teaser.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/stappen_SteFAS/stappen_SteFAS-teaser:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "3DSpatialization" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/stappen_SteFAS/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "unterguggenberger-2021-msh", "type_id": "journalpaper", "tu_id": 300418, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/58632", "title": "Conservative Meshlet Bounds for Robust Culling of Skinned Meshes", "date": "2021-10", "abstract": "Following recent advances in GPU hardware development and newly introduced rendering pipeline extensions, the segmentation of input geometry into small geometry clusters-so-called meshlets-has emerged as an important practice for efficient rendering of complex 3D models. Meshlets can be processed efficiently using mesh shaders on modern graphics processing units, in order to achieve streamlined geometry processing in just two tightly coupled shader stages that allow for dynamic workload manipulation in-between. The additional granularity layer between entire models and individual triangles enables new opportunities for fine-grained visibility culling methods. However, in contrast to static models, view frustum and backface culling on a per-meshlet basis for skinned, animated models are difficult to achieve while respecting the conservative spatio-temporal bounds that are required for robust rendering results. In this paper, we describe a solution for computing and exploiting relevant conservative bounds for culling meshlets of models that are animated using linear blend skinning. By enabling visibility culling for animated meshlets, our approach can help to improve rendering performance and alleviate bottlenecks in the notoriously performanceand memory-intensive skeletal animation pipelines of modern real-time graphics applications.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "teaser", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 849, "image_height": 653, "name": "unterguggenberger-2021-msh-teaser.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 990337, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2021-msh", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/unterguggenberger-2021-msh-teaser.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/unterguggenberger-2021-msh-teaser:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 848, 1650, 1795, 193 ], "booktitle": "Computer Graphics Forum", "cfp": { "name": "cfp.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "error": "0", "size": "982263", "orig_name": "cfp.pdf", "ext": "pdf" }, "date_from": "2021-10-18", "date_to": "2021-10-21", "doi": "10.1111/cgf.14401", "event": "Pacific Graphics 2021", "issn": "1467-8659", "journal": "Computer Graphics Forum", "lecturer": [ 848 ], "location": "online", "number": "7", "open_access": "yes", "pages": "13", "pages_from": "57", "pages_to": "69", "publisher": "Eurographics Association", "volume": "40", "research_areas": [ "Geometry", "Rendering" ], "keywords": [ "real-time rendering", "meshlet", "mesh shader", "task shader", "view frustum culling", "backface culling", "Vulkan", "vertex skinning", "animation", "conservative bounds", "bounding boxes", "Rodrigues' rotation formula", "spatio-temporal bounds" ], "weblinks": [], "files": [ { "description": "Conservative Meshlet Bounds for Robust Culling of Skinned Meshes", "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-2021-msh-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 13842539, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2021-msh", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/unterguggenberger-2021-msh-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/unterguggenberger-2021-msh-paper:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": "Slides used for the talk", "filetitle": "slides", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-2021-msh-slides.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 4963013, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2021-msh", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/unterguggenberger-2021-msh-slides.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/unterguggenberger-2021-msh-slides:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": null, "filetitle": "teaser", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 849, "image_height": 653, "name": "unterguggenberger-2021-msh-teaser.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 990337, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2021-msh", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/unterguggenberger-2021-msh-teaser.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/unterguggenberger-2021-msh-teaser:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "3DSpatialization" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2021/unterguggenberger-2021-msh/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr", "type_id": "inproceedings", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/58271", "title": "Fast Multi-View Rendering for Real-Time Applications", "date": "2020-05", "abstract": "Efficient rendering of multiple views can be a critical performance factor for real-time rendering applications. Generating more than one view multiplies the amount of rendered geometry, which can cause a huge performance impact. Minimizing that impact has been a target of previous research and GPU manufacturers, who have started to equip devices with dedicated acceleration units. However, vendor-specific acceleration is not the only option to increase multi-view rendering (MVR) performance. Available graphics API features, shader stages and optimizations can be exploited for improved MVR performance, while generally offering more versatile pipeline configurations, including the preservation of custom tessellation and geometry shaders. In this paper, we present an exhaustive evaluation of MVR pipelines available on modern GPUs. We provide a detailed analysis of previous\ntechniques, hardware-accelerated MVR and propose a novel method, leading to the creation of an MVR catalogue. Our analyses cover three distinct applications to help gain clarity on overall MVR performance characteristics. Our interpretation of the observed results provides a guideline for selecting the most appropriate one for various use cases on different GPU architectures.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 917, "image_height": 687, "name": "unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 62276, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, "repositum_presentation_id": null, "authors": [ 848, 1650, 1662, 202, 193 ], "booktitle": "Eurographics Symposium on Parallel Graphics and Visualization", "cfp": { "name": "Call for Papers – EGPGV 2020.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "error": "0", "size": "348754", "orig_name": "Call for Papers – EGPGV 2020.pdf", "ext": "pdf" }, "date_from": "2020-05-25", "date_to": "2020-05-25", "doi": "10.2312/pgv.20201071", "editor": "Frey, Steffen and Huang, Jian and Sadlo, Filip", "event": "EGPGV 2020", "isbn": "978-3-03868-107-6", "lecturer": [ 848 ], "location": "online", "open_access": "yes", "organization": "Eurographics", "pages_from": "13", "pages_to": "23", "research_areas": [ "Rendering" ], "keywords": [ "Real-Time Rendering", "Rasterization", "Multi-View", "OVR_multiview", "Geometry Shader", "Evaluation" ], "weblinks": [ { "href": "https://diglib.eg.org/handle/10.2312/pgv20201071", "caption": null, "description": null, "main_file": 0 } ], "files": [ { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": true, "access": "public", "image_width": 917, "image_height": 687, "name": "unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-image.png", "type": "image/png", "size": 62276, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-image.png", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": "Fast Multi-View Rendering for Real-Time Applications", "filetitle": "paper", "main_file": true, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-paper.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 300803, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-paper.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-paper:thumb{{size}}.png" }, { "description": "Slides used for the talk", "filetitle": "slides", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "name": "unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-slides.pdf", "type": "application/pdf", "size": 4201932, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-slides.pdf", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr-slides:thumb{{size}}.png" } ], "projects_workgroups": [ "3DSpatialization" ], "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/unterguggenberger-2020-fmvr/", "__class": "Publication" }, { "id": "unterguggenberger-2016-realmar", "type_id": "masterthesis", "tu_id": null, "repositum_id": null, "title": "Realistic Rendering in Mobile Augmented Reality", "date": "2016-10-05", "abstract": "Augmented Reality (AR) applications combine a view of a physical, real-world environment\nwith computer-generated objects and effects in real-time. Depending on the application,\nit is desirable to maximize the visual coherence of the virtual objects compared to the\nreal-world image. To achieve this goal, virtual objects have to be rendered as realistically\nas possible. This thesis presents an image-based lighting (IBL) technique for realistic\nrendering of virtual objects on mobile devices which uses lighting information from the\nreal-world environment.\nIn the first step, the presented technique uses a mobile device’s camera and motion sensors\nto capture an omni-directional image of the surrounding in high dynamic range (HDR)\nand stores it in an environment map. In the second step, the captured environment map\nis prepared for rendering with different materials by calculating a set of maps. During\nrendering, the most suitable of these maps are selected for each material and used for\nshading a virtual object with the specific material. The map which contains diffuse\nillumination information is called irradiance map, and the maps which contain glossy or\nspecular illumination information are called reflection maps. The calculation of the maps\ncorresponds to a weighted convolution. The weighting is determined by a reflection model\nwhich takes the correct amount of incident lighting from all directions into account. How\nthese calculations can be performed efficiently on mobile devices is the main focus of this\nthesis. Multiple approaches to perform the calculations are described. Their properties,\nresults, strengths and weaknesses are analyzed and optimizations are proposed.\nWe describe three different approaches for the calculation of irradiance and reflection maps\nin this thesis: the accurate calculation, a MIP-mapping based approximation method,\nand calculation via spherical harmonics (SH) frequency space. We provide detailed\nimplementation instructions, analyses, and discussions for each of these approaches with\nregard to the properties and limitations of mobile devices. Furthermore, we describe how\nthe calculated maps can be used with IBL rendering and be combined with established\nrendering techniques to achieve a high degree of visual coherence of virtual objects in\nAR scenes.\nThe main novelty of this thesis is its focus on the capabilities of mobile devices. We\ndescribe how to do all steps on a single commodity mobile device: From capturing the\nenvironment at a certain point in space, to calculating the irradiance and reflection maps,\nand finally rendering virtual objects using the calculated maps in an AR scene.", "authors_et_al": false, "substitute": null, "main_image": { "description": null, "filetitle": "image", "main_file": false, "use_in_gallery": false, "access": "public", "image_width": 1275, "image_height": 686, "name": "unterguggenberger-2016-realmar-image.jpg", "type": "image/jpeg", "size": 195980, "path": "Publication:unterguggenberger-2016-realmar", "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2016/unterguggenberger-2016-realmar/unterguggenberger-2016-realmar-image.jpg", "thumb_image_sizes": [ 16, 64, 100, 175, 300, 600 ], "thumb_url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2016/unterguggenberger-2016-realmar/unterguggenberger-2016-realmar-image:thumb{{size}}.png" }, "sync_repositum_override": null, 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