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    {
        "id": "lanzarotti-2025-viseps",
        "type_id": "journalpaper",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/225225",
        "title": "VisEPS: a visual explorer of parameter spaces for networked models",
        "date": "2025-12-23",
        "abstract": "Simulations of complex social systems, such as those represented by epidemiological models, have been very useful in supporting decision makers during the last pandemic. These models generally comprise a high number of parameters, which makes it hard to identify the values that best reproduce the empirical data. Furthermore, different combinations of parameters may achieve a good fit, which renders an automatic solution ill-suited to the task. A human expert is required to make the final decisions about the optimal parameter values. We present VisEPS (Visual Explorer of Parameter Spaces), a framework for visually analyzing the effects of a very large set of parameters, with the aim of fitting a geographically explicit networked model to data obtained during the COVID-19 pandemic. We use a networked extension of a susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model to reproduce the epidemic dynamics in the city of Buenos Aires and its neighboring interconnected districts. We overlay binned scatterplots on a map, which facilitates the visual identification of each district and its connections. To further explore the model’s performance against data, additional views, such as parallel coordinates and histograms, along with drill-down mechanisms, have been incorporated. Finally, a use case is described in which the level of connectivity between districts is included in the analysis. The identification of suitable parameter ranges is facilitated by an iterative and incremental process, whereby new sets of simulations are incrementally requested, guided by interactive visual inspections. This permits the exploration of a parameter space that would otherwise be impossible to fully explore.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "repositum_presentation_id": "20.500.12708/225781",
        "authors": [
            5537,
            235,
            5538,
            166,
            5539
        ],
        "date_from": "2025-07-03",
        "date_to": "2025-07-04",
        "doi": "10.1007/s12650-025-01093-2",
        "event": "The 2nd Japan Visualization Symposium (JapanVis 2025)",
        "issn": "1875-8975",
        "journal": "Journal of Visualization",
        "lecturer": [
            235
        ],
        "location": "Tokyo",
        "pages": "15",
        "publisher": "SPRINGER",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Interactive visual exploration",
            "Networked simulation models",
            "Scalable visual parameter tuning",
            "Visual model parameter fitting"
        ],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/lanzarotti-2025-viseps/",
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    {
        "id": "oda-2025-artevoviewer",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/225534",
        "title": "ArtEvoViewer: A System for Visualizing Interpersonal Influence Among Painters",
        "date": "2025-10-31",
        "abstract": "Large-scale and objective painting analyses have recently gained attention. In particular, analyzing influence between individual painters requires substantial effort and is hard to reproduce due to subjectivity. Despite increasing demand for automatic estimation, this remains unresolved because such influence is complex and often directional, making it difficult to model. In this paper, we develop an interactive system that visualizes, manipulates, and analyses chains of painterly influence as a network. Using 32,401 paintings, the system infers directional links from color and brushstroke features. The resulting network based on color style features captures stylistic lineages such as landscape-focused and portrait-focused streams, while a multifaceted analysis of Picasso shows that Cézanne's impact appears in brushwork rather than color. Our contributions are twofold: (1) the use of an evolutionary model to assign explicit direction to painter influence and support art historical interpretation, and (2) providing a visualization system that allows dynamic comparison of influence networks based on multiple image features.",
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        "authors": [
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            5545,
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            166,
            1410,
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        "booktitle": "2025 29th International Conference Information Visualisation (IV)",
        "date_from": "2025-08-05",
        "date_to": "2025-08-08",
        "doi": "10.1109/IV68685.2025.00041",
        "event": "29th International Conference Information Visualisation (IV)",
        "isbn": "979-8-3315-7741-4",
        "lecturer": [
            5544
        ],
        "location": "Darmstadt",
        "pages": "6",
        "pages_from": "171",
        "pages_to": "176",
        "publisher": "IEEE",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "artist influence estimation",
            "cultural evolution",
            "digital humanities",
            "paintings",
            "system",
            "visualization"
        ],
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        "files": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/oda-2025-artevoviewer/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "tretyak-2025-tacmedvr",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/225648",
        "title": "TacMedVR: Immersive VR Training for Tactical Medicine—Evaluating Interaction and Stress Response",
        "date": "2025-09-25",
        "abstract": "This paper presents the development and evaluation of a virtual reality (VR) training simulation for tactical emergency medicine, created in Unity and optimized for the Meta Quest 3 headset. The simulation places users in a high-stress scenario inspired by real knife attacks and incorporates natural hand tracking for interaction. Core training elements include triage, bleeding control, and communication with victims and bystanders. A qualitative study with ten participants, all with prior first aid or tactical medical training, explored three key research questions: (1) To what extent does the realistic recreation of real-world events affect trainees' perceived psychological stress and sense of immersion in virtual reality simulations? (2) How do hand tracking and traditional controllers compare in terms of usability? (3) How is VR perceived as a complementary or alternative method to conventional training? Thematic analysis revealed that visual and auditory realism enhanced immersion but did not consistently increase perceived stress. Hand tracking was considered intuitive but occasionally unreliable. Participants generally viewed VR as a valuable complement to traditional training, particularly for practicing workflows and rapid decision-making under pressure. The results underscore VR's potential as a scalable, engaging, and safe tool for preparing responders for high-threat environments.",
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        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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            166
        ],
        "booktitle": "2025 11th International Conference on Virtual Reality (ICVR)",
        "date_from": "2025-07-09",
        "date_to": "2025-07-11",
        "doi": "10.1109/ICVR66534.2025.11172647",
        "event": "11th International Conference on Virtual Reality (ICVR 2025)",
        "isbn": "979-8-3503-9273-9",
        "lecturer": [
            5476
        ],
        "location": "Wageningen",
        "pages": "6",
        "pages_from": "345",
        "pages_to": "350",
        "publisher": "IEEE",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Hand Tracking",
            "Interaction Design",
            "Medical Simulation",
            "Simulation-Based Training",
            "Virtual Reality in Education"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [
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        ],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/tretyak-2025-tacmedvr/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "gall-2025-marv",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/223667",
        "title": "MARV: Multiview Augmented Reality Visualisation for Exploring Rich Material Data",
        "date": "2025-09",
        "abstract": "Rich material data is complex, large and heterogeneous, integrating primary and secondary non-destructive testing data for spatial, spatio-temporal, as well as high-dimensional data analyses. Currently, materials experts mainly rely on conventional desktop-based systems using 2D visualisation techniques, which render respective analyses a time-consuming and mentally demanding challenge. MARV is a novel immersive visual analytics system, which makes analyses of such data more effective and engaging in an augmented reality setting. For this purpose, MARV includes three newly designed visualisation techniques: MDD Glyphs with a Skewness Kurtosis Mapper, Temporal Evolution Tracker, and Chrono Bins, facilitating interactive exploration and comparison of multidimensional distributions of attribute data from multiple time steps. A qualitative evaluation conducted with materials experts in a real-world case study demonstrates the benefits of the proposed visualisation techniques. This evaluation revealed that combining spatial and abstract data in an immersive environment improves their analytical capabilities and facilitates the identification of patterns, anomalies, as well as changes over time.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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            1354,
            166,
            611
        ],
        "articleno": "e70150",
        "doi": "10.1111/cgf.70150",
        "issn": "1467-8659",
        "journal": "Computer Graphics Forum",
        "number": "6",
        "pages": "15",
        "publisher": "WILEY",
        "volume": "44",
        "research_areas": [
            "VisMat",
            "VR"
        ],
        "keywords": [
            "virtual environments",
            "augmented reality",
            "immersive analytics",
            "scientific visualisation",
            "visualization",
            "visual analytics"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/gall-2025-marv/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "dhanoa-2025-dsg",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/209410",
        "title": "D-Tour: semi-automatic generation of interactive guided tours for visualization dashboard onboarding",
        "date": "2025-01",
        "abstract": "Onboarding a user to a visualization dashboard entails explaining its various components, including the chart types used, the data loaded, and the interactions available. Authoring such an onboarding experience is time-consuming and requires significant knowledge and little guidance on how best to complete this task. Depending on their levels of expertise, end users being onboarded to a new dashboard can be either confused and overwhelmed or disinterested and disengaged. We propose interactive dashboard tours (D-Tours) as semi-automated onboarding experiences that preserve the agency of users with various levels of expertise to keep them interested and engaged. Our interactive tours concept draws from open-world game design to give the user freedom in choosing their path through onboarding. We have implemented the concept in a tool called D-TOUR PROTOTYPE, which allows authors to craft custom interactive dashboard tours from scratch or using automatic templates. Automatically generated tours can still be customized to use different media (e.g., video, audio, and highlighting) or new narratives to produce an onboarding experience tailored to an individual user. We demonstrate the usefulness of interactive dashboard tours through use cases and expert interviews. Our evaluation shows that authors found the automation in the D-Tour Prototype helpful and time-saving, and users found the created tours engaging and intuitive. This paper and all supplemental materials are available at https://osf.io/6fbjp/.",
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        "authors": [
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            1895,
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            1896
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        "doi": "10.1109/TVCG.2024.3456347",
        "issn": "1941-0506",
        "journal": "IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics",
        "number": "1",
        "open_access": "yes",
        "pages": "11",
        "pages_from": "721",
        "pages_to": "731",
        "publisher": "IEEE COMPUTER SOC",
        "volume": "31",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Dashboards",
            "interactive tours",
            "onboarding",
            "open-world games",
            "storytelling",
            "tutorial"
        ],
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    {
        "id": "walch-2025-bemtrace",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/210140",
        "title": "BEMTrace: Visualization-driven approach for deriving Building Energy Models from BIM",
        "date": "2025-01",
        "abstract": "Building Information Modeling (BIM) describes a central data pool covering the entire life cycle of a construction project. Similarly, Building Energy Modeling (BEM) describes the process of using a 3D representation of a building as a basis for thermal simulations to assess the building's energy performance. This paper explores the intersection of BIM and BEM, focusing on the challenges and methodologies in converting BIM data into BEM representations for energy performance analysis. BEMTrace integrates 3D data wrangling techniques with visualization methodologies to enhance the accuracy and traceability of the BIM-to-BEM conversion process. Through parsing, error detection, and algorithmic correction of BIM data, our methods generate valid BEM models suitable for energy simulation. Visualization techniques provide transparent insights into the conversion process, aiding error identifcation, validation, and user comprehension. We introduce context-adaptive selections to facilitate user interaction and to show that the BEMTrace workfow helps users understand complex 3D data wrangling processes.",
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        "authors": [
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        "doi": "10.1109/TVCG.2024.3456315",
        "issn": "1941-0506",
        "journal": "IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics",
        "number": "1",
        "pages": "11",
        "pages_from": "240",
        "pages_to": "250",
        "publisher": "IEEE COMPUTER SOC",
        "volume": "31",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Solid modeling",
            "Data visualization",
            "Three-dimensional displays",
            "Data models",
            "Buildings",
            "Computational modeling",
            "Object oriented modeling",
            "BIM",
            "BEM",
            "BIM-to-BEM",
            "3D Data Wrangling",
            "3D selections",
            "Visualization for trust building"
        ],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2025/walch-2025-bemtrace/",
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    {
        "id": "amabili-2025-lpb",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/216591",
        "title": "Leveraging Popular Board Games to Teach Data Visualization",
        "date": "2025",
        "abstract": "To address the challenges in visualization education—particularly in motivating and engaging students—we propose the conceptual adaptation of popular board games into educational data visualization games. We present five unique adaptations ofwell-known board games, integrating their mechanics and materials into a data visualization learning process. For each game, we  outline specific learning objectives and suggest strategies to extend the game-based approach to broader data visualization education. By combining familiar, engaging game mechanics with visualization content, we aim to foster critical engagement with the learning material while providing students with a foundational understanding of data visualization concepts. Early qualitative results from one of the games indicate a positive impact on players’ learning, boosting engagement and enjoyment.",
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        "authors": [
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            1410
        ],
        "booktitle": "Visgames 2025: EuroVis Workshop on Visualization Play, Games, and Activities",
        "date_from": "2025-06-02",
        "date_to": "2025-06-06",
        "doi": "10.2312/visgames.20251165",
        "editor": "Stoiber, C. and Boucher, M. and de Jesus Oliveira, V. A. and Schetinger, V. and Filipov, V. and Raidou, R. G. and Amabili, L. and Keck, M.",
        "event": "VisGames 2025 colocated with EuroVis 2025 - 27th EG Conference on Visualization",
        "lecturer": [
            1861
        ],
        "location": "Luxembourg City",
        "open_access": "yes",
        "pages": "6",
        "publisher": "The Eurographics Association",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Human-centered computing",
            "visualization theory",
            "concepts and paradigms",
            "Information visualization"
        ],
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    {
        "id": "groeller-2024-cui",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/210589",
        "title": "Certain Uncertainties in Visual Data Science",
        "date": "2024-12-10",
        "abstract": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "date_from": "2024-12-10",
        "date_to": "2024-12-10",
        "event": "Faculty Colloquium",
        "lecturer": [
            166
        ],
        "location": "Passau",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "uncertainty visualization"
        ],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/groeller-2024-cui/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "furmanova-2024-bvp",
        "type_id": "book",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/204500",
        "title": "BioMedical Visualization : Past Work, Current Trends, and Open Challenges",
        "date": "2024-10-01",
        "abstract": null,
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        "doi": "10.1007/978-3-031-66789-3",
        "isbn": "978-3-031-66788-6",
        "pages": "159",
        "publisher": "Springer Nature",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "biomedical visualization"
        ],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2024/furmanova-2024-bvp/",
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    {
        "id": "heim-2024-accustripes",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/197495",
        "title": "AccuStripes: Visual exploration and comparison of univariate data distributions using color and binning",
        "date": "2024-04",
        "abstract": "Understanding and analyzing univariate distributions of data in terms of their shapes as well as their specific characteristics, regarding gaps, spikes, or outliers, is crucial in many scientific disciplines. In this paper, we propose a design space composed of the visual channels position and color for representing accumulated distributions. The designs are a mixture of color-coded stripes with density lines. The width and coloring of the stripes is based on the applied binning technique. In a crowd-sourced experiment we explore a subspace, called the AccuStripes (i.e., “accumulated stripes”) design space, consisting of nine representations. These AccuStripes designs integrate three composition strategies (color only, overlay, filled curve) with three binning techniques, one uniform (UB) and two adaptive methods, namely Bayesian Blocks (BB) and Jenks’ Natural Breaks (NB). We evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, and confidence ratings of the nine AccuStripes designs for structural estimation and comparison tasks. Across all study tasks, the overlay composition was found to be most accurate and preferred by observers. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that while no binning method performed best in both identification and comparison, detection of structures using adaptive binning was the most accurate one. For validation we compared the best AccuStripes’ design, i.e., the overlay composition, to line charts. Our results show that the AccuStripes’ design outperformed the line charts in accuracy for all study tasks.",
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        "articleno": "103906",
        "doi": "10.1016/j.cag.2024.103906",
        "issn": "1873-7684",
        "journal": "COMPUTERS & GRAPHICS-UK",
        "publisher": "PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD",
        "volume": "119",
        "research_areas": [
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        "keywords": [
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            "Univariate data distributions",
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    {
        "id": "herzberger-2024-roh",
        "type_id": "journalpaper",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/193209",
        "title": "Residency Octree: a hybrid approach for scalable web-based multi-volume rendering",
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        "title": "Visualization of Relationships between Precipitation and River Water Levels",
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        "abstract": "Observation of precipitation changes is important for a variety of purposes such as predicting river levels. Previous studies for data visualization of precipitation and river water levels plotted graphs and color bars were many stations on a map. Instead of such visualizations on a map, we construct a graph to imitate a connected structure such as a tributary of a river in this study. Our method displays two pseudo-coloring sparklines at nodes of the graph as the stations. The method can visualize the time difference between the increase in precipitation upstream and the increase in river water level downstream. Users can observe precipitation and river water levels at different observation points. Our method uses a Delaunay diagram connecting gauging positions to interpolate and calculate precipitation at river level observation points. This avoids the discrepancy between observation points.In addition, we adjust the amount of visualized information by skipping the display of several observation points based on the similarity of the time-series data at each station, which is calculated by applying the dynamic time-stretching method. The visualization results show that downstream, once the water level rises, it tends to take longer for the water level to drop. In addition, the results show that a time lag occurs between the increase in precipitation and the rise in river levels in the mainstream, while tributaries have little time lag. In addition, data on rainfall and river levels at the same station over multiple periods and their relationship are plotted as scatter plots. The scatter plots make it easier to compare data from multiple periods at the same time than two-tone pseudo coloring sparklines.",
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        "title": "Uncertainty guidance in proton therapy planning visualization",
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        "title": "The Future of Scalable Interactive Visual Analysis",
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        "abstract": "Skalierbare interaktive visuelle Analyse kombiniert computergestützte, interaktive, visuelle Darstellungen von (abstrakten) Daten mit automatischen Techniken, um die Kognition zu fördern und die Modellierung zu erleichtern. Der Vortrag beginnt mit der Formulierung provokanter Thesen, die zum Nachdenken anregen. In den letzten Jahren hat die Komplexität von Daten in Bezug auf Umfang, Wahrheitsgehalt, Geschwindigkeit und Vielfalt erheblich zugenommen. Dies ist sowohl auf neue Datenquellen als auch auf die Verfügbarkeit von Unsicherheits-, Fehler- und Toleranzinformationen zurückzuführen. Anstelle einzelner Objekte werden ganze Mengen, Sammlungen und Ensembles visuell untersucht. Es besteht ein Bedarf an visueller Analyse und Modellierung sowie an vergleichender Visualisierung, quantitativen Visualisierungen, skalierbaren Visualisierungen und verknüpften/integrierten Ansichten. Die Konzepte werden anhand verschiedener Beispiele aus den Bereichen skalierbare Visualisierung, Unsicherheitsvisualisierung, geführte Interaktion und immersive Analytik erläutert. Der Vortrag wird auf die anfänglichen provokativen Thesen zurückkommen und zukünftige Forschungsrichtungen im Bereich der skalierbaren interaktiven visuellen Analyse skizzieren, z.B. Modellitics, Biologisierung der digitalen Welt, Zaten (Zukünftige Daten), immersive Analytik, selbstadaptive selbsterklärende Analyse.",
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        "title": "Watertight Incremental Heightfield Tessellation",
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        "title": "Semi-automatic vessel detection for challenging cases of peripheral arterial disease ",
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        "title": "Multiscale Unfolding: Illustratively Visualizing the Whole Genome at a Glance",
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        "abstract": "Geological analysis of 3D Digital Outcrop Models (DOMs) for reconstruction of ancient habitable environments is a key aspect of the upcoming ESA ExoMars 2022 Rosalind Franklin Rover and the NASA 2020 Rover Perseverance missions in seeking signs of past life on Mars. Geologists measure and interpret 3D DOMs, create sedimentary logs and combine them in ‘correlation panels’ to map the extents of key geological horizons, and build a stratigraphic model to understand their position in the ancient landscape. Currently, the creation of correlation panels is completely manual and therefore time-consuming, and inflexible. With InCorr we present a visualization solution that encompasses a 3D logging tool and an interactive data-driven correlation panel that evolves with the stratigraphic analysis. For the creation of InCorr we closely cooperated with leading planetary geologists in the form of a design study. We verify our results by recreating an existing correlation analysis with InCorr and validate our correlation panel against a manually created illustration. Further, we conducted a user-study with a wider circle of geologists. Our evaluation shows that InCorr efficiently supports the domain experts in tackling their research questions and that it has the potential to significantly impact how geologists work with digital outcrop representations in general.",
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        "abstract": "The spinel group minerals provide useful information regarding the geological environment in which the host rocks were formed, constituting excellent petrogenetic indicators, and guides in the search for mineral deposits of economic interest. In this article, we present the Spinel Web, a web application to visualize the chemical composition of spinel group minerals. Spinel Web integrates most of the diagrams commonly used for analyzing the chemical characteristics of the spinel group minerals. It incorporates parallel coordinates and a 3D representation of the spinel prisms. It also provides coordinated views and appropriate interactions for users to interact with their datasets. Spinel Web also supports semi-automatic categorization of the geological environment of formation through a standard Web browser.",
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        "title": "Interactive Visual Data Analysis",
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        "title": "Medicinae Notitia Visibilis Fac – Quo Vadis?",
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        "abstract": "Medical Visualization is a scientific field that takes advantage of human vision and perception to amplify cognition and gain insight in (complex) medical data. The interdisciplinarity and the diversity of stakeholders and their greatly varying expertises and expectations, make it a demanding area with many overlapping, but distinct domains. Collaboration and communication is challenged by: “Die Grenzen meiner Sprache bedeuten die Grenzen meiner Welt“ (Ludwig Wittgenstein). This talk reflects on the feedback from an ad hoc and random sampling of my professional network with comments, e.g., from basic and applied visual and medical computing experts, commercial developers of medical software, clinical researchers and practitioners.",
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        "title": "VAPOR: Visual Analytics for the Exploration of Pelvic Organ Variability in Radiotherapy",
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        "abstract": "In radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer, changes in patient anatomy during treatment might lead to inadequate tumor coverage and higher irradiation of healthy tissues in the nearby pelvic organs. Exploring and analyzing anatomical variability throughout the course of RT can support the design of more robust treatment strategies, while identifying patients that are prone to radiation-induced toxicity. We present VAPOR, a novel application for the exploration of pelvic organ variability in a cohort of patients, across the entire treatment process. Our application addresses: (i) the global exploration and analysis of anatomical variability in an abstracted tabular view, (ii) the local exploration and analysis thereof in anatomical 2D/3D views, where comparative and ensemble visualizations are integrated, and (iii) the correlation of anatomical variability with radiation doses and potential toxicity. The workflow is based on available retrospective cohort data, which include segmentations of the bladder, the prostate, and the rectum through the entire treatment period. VAPOR is applied to four usage scenarios, which were conducted with two medical physicists. Our application provides clinical researchers with promising support in demonstrating the significance of treatment adaptation to anatomical changes.",
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        "abstract": "During the last decades, anatomy has become an interesting topic in education—even for laymen or schoolchildren. As medical imaging techniques become increasingly sophisticated, virtual anatomical education applications have emerged. Still, anatomical models are often preferred, as they facilitate 3D localization of anatomical structures. Recently, data physicalizations (i.e., physical visualizations) have proven to be effective and engaging—sometimes, even more than their virtual counterparts. So far, medical data physicalizations involve mainly 3D printing, which is still expensive and cumbersome. We investigate alternative forms of physicalizations, which use readily available technologies (home printers) and inexpensive materials (paper or semi-transparent films) to generate crafts for anatomical edutainment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first computer-generated crafting approach within an anatomical edutainment context. Our approach follows a cost-effective, simple, and easy-to-employ workflow, resulting in assemblable data sculptures (i.e., semi-transparent sliceforms). It primarily supports volumetric data (such as CT or MRI), but mesh data can also be imported. An octree slices the imported volume and an optimization step simplifies the slice configuration, proposing the optimal order for easy assembly. A packing algorithm places the resulting slices with their labels, annotations, and assembly instructions on a paper or transparent film of user-selected size, to be printed, assembled into a sliceform, and explored. We conducted two user studies to assess our approach, demonstrating that it is an initial positive step towards the successful creation of interactive and engaging anatomical physicalizations.",
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        "title": " Interactive Visual Data Analysis",
        "date": "2020-09-19",
        "abstract": "Visualization and visual computing use computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of (abstract) data to amplify cognition. In recent years data complexity concerning volume, veracity, velocity, and variety has increased considerably. This is due to new data sources as well as the availability of uncertainty, error, and tolerance information. Instead of individual objects entire sets, collections, and ensembles are visually investigated. There is a need for visual analyses, comparative visualization, quantitative visualizations, scalable visualizations, and linked/integrated views. Several examples of interactively and visually analyzing data will be discussed in detail. These include: geospatial decision support, radiation therapy planning, and integrative cell biology. Given the amplified data variability, interactive visual data analyses are likely to gain in importance in the future. Research challenges and directions are sketched at the end of the talk.",
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        "title": "Simulated Annealing to Unfold 3D Meshes and Assign Glue Tabs",
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        "id": "Groeller_V2_2020",
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        "title": "Visual Analytics in Radiation Therapy Planning",
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        "abstract": "Visual analytics concerns analytical reasoning supported by interactive visual interfaces. Radiation therapy is a complex treatment approach that requires careful planning. Visual analytics and visual computing are supportive in the entire radiation therapy workflow. After a brief survey on the workflow, concrete examples about radiation therapy planning for pelvic organs will be treated in detail. One example discusses visual analytics for the exploration of radio-therapy-induced bladder toxicity in a cohort study. Clinical researchers want to correlate bladder shape variations to dose deviations and toxicity risk through cohort studies, to understand which specific bladder shape characteristics are more prone to side effects. In another example the pelvic organ variability in a cohort of radiotherapy patients is visualized. The application addresses the global exploration and analysis of pelvic organ shape variability in an abstracted tabular view and the local exploration and analysis thereof in anatomical 2D/3D views, where comparative and ensemble visualizations are integrated. Research challenges and directions are sketched at the end of the talk.",
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        "title": "Lessons Learnt from Developing Visual Analytics Applications for Adaptive Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy",
        "date": "2020-05",
        "abstract": "In radiotherapy (RT), changes in patient anatomy throughout the treatment period might lead to deviations between planned\nand delivered dose, resulting in inadequate tumor coverage and/or overradiation of healthy tissues. Adapting the treatment to\naccount for anatomical changes is anticipated to enable higher precision and less toxicity to healthy tissues. Corresponding\ntools for the in-depth exploration and analysis of available clinical cohort data were not available before our work. In this\npaper, we discuss our on-going process of introducing visual analytics to the domain of adaptive RT for prostate cancer. This\nhas been done through the design of three visual analytics applications, built for clinical researchers working on the deployment\nof robust RT treatment strategies. We focus on describing our iterative design process, and we discuss the lessons learnt from\nour fruitful collaboration with clinical domain experts and industry, interested in integrating our prototypes into their workflow.",
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        "title": "The moving target of visualization software for an increasingly complex world",
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        "abstract": "Visualization has evolved into a mature scientific field and it has also become widely accepted as a standard approach in diverse fields, including physics, life sciences, and business intelligence. However, despite its successful development, there are still many open research questions that require customized implementations in order to explore and establish concepts, and to perform experiments and take measurements. Many methods and tools have been developed and published but most are stand-alone prototypes and have not reached a mature state that can be used in a reliable manner by collaborating domain scientists or a wider audience. In this study, we discuss the challenges, solutions, and open research questions that affect the development of sophisticated, relevant, and novel scientific visualization solutions with minimum overheads. We summarize and discuss the results of a recent National Institute of Informatics Shonan seminar on these topics.",
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        "title": "Interactive exploration of large time-dependent bipartite graphs",
        "date": "2020-04",
        "abstract": "Bipartite graphs are typically visualized using linked lists or matrices, but these visualizations neither scale well nor do they convey temporal development. We present a new interactive exploration interface for large, time-dependent bipartite graphs. We use two clustering techniques to build a hierarchical aggregation supporting different exploration strategies. Aggregated nodes and edges are visualized as linked lists with nested time series. We demonstrate two use cases: finding advertising expenses of public authorities following similar temporal patterns and comparing author-keyword co-occurrences across time. Through a user study, we show that linked lists with hierarchical aggregation lead to more insights than without.",
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        "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cola.2020.100959",
        "journal": "Journal of Computer Languages",
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        "cfp": {
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        "id": "Groeller_V1_2020",
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        "repositum_id": "20.500.12708/87163",
        "title": "Interactive Visual Analysis in the Computational Sciences",
        "date": "2020-01-29",
        "abstract": "Visualization and visual computing use computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of (abstract) data to amplify cognition. In recent years data complexity concerning volume, veracity, velocity, and variety has increased considerably. This is due to new data sources as well as the availability of uncertainty, error and tolerance information. Instead of individual objects entire sets, collections, and ensembles are visually investigated. There is a need for visual analyses, comparative visualization, quantitative visualizations, scalable visualizations, and linked/integrated views. The simultaneous exploration and visualization of spatial and abstract information is an important case in point. Several examples from the computational sciences will be discussed in detail. These concern: parameter studies of dataset series; visual analytics for the exploration and assessment of segmentation errors; quantitative visual analytics with structured brushing and linked statistics; visual comparison of 3D volumes through space-filling curves. Given the amplified data variability, interactive visual data analyses are likely to gain in importance in the future. Research challenges and directions are sketched at the end of the talk.\n",
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        "event": "IEEE Vis 2019",
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        "number": "1",
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    {
        "id": "amirkhanov2020visual",
        "type_id": "journalpaper",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visual Analytics in Dental Aesthetics",
        "date": "2020",
        "abstract": "Dental healthcare increasingly employs computer-aided design software,\nto provide patients with high-quality dental prosthetic devices. In\nmodern dental reconstruction, dental technicians address the unique\nanatomy of each patient individually, by capturing the dental impression\nand measuring the mandibular movements. Subsequently, dental technicians\ndesign a custom denture that fits the patient from a functional point of\nview. The current workflow does not include a systematic analysis of\naesthetics, and dental technicians rely only on an aesthetically\npleasing mock-up that they discuss with the patient, and on their\nexperience. Therefore, the final denture aesthetics remain unknown until\nthe dental technicians incorporate the denture into the patient. In this\nwork, we present a solution that integrates aesthetics analysis into the\nfunctional workflow of dental technicians. Our solution uses a video\nrecording of the patient, to preview the denture design at any stage of\nthe denture design process. We present a teeth pose estimation technique\nthat enables denture preview and a set of linked visualizations that\nsupport dental technicians in the aesthetic design of dentures. These\nvisualizations assist dental technicians in choosing the most\naesthetically fitting preset from a library of dentures, in identifying\nthe suitable denture size, and in adjusting the denture position. We\ndemonstrate the utility of our system with four use cases, explored by a\ndental technician. Also, we performed a quantitative evaluation for\nteeth pose estimation, and an informal usability evaluation, with\npositive outcomes concerning the integration of aesthetics analysis into\nthe functional workflow.",
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        "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14174",
        "journal": "Computer Graphics Forum",
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        "abstract": "Pelvis Runner is a visual analysis tool for the exploration of the variability of segmented pelvic organs in multiple patients, across the course of radiation therapy treatment. Radiation treatment is performed through the course of weeks, during which the anatomy of the patient changes. This variability may be responsible for side effects, due to the potential over-irradiation of healthy tissues. Exploring and analyzing organ variability in patient cohorts can help clinical researchers to design more robust treatment strategies. Our work addresses, first, the global exploration and analysis of pelvic organ shape variability in an abstracted tabular view for the entire cohort. Second, local exploration and analysis of the variability are provided on-demand in anatomical 2D/3D views for cohort partitions. The Pelvis Runner has been evaluated by two clinical researchers and is a promising basis for the exploration of pelvic organ variability.",
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        "title": "Casual Visual Exploration of Large Bipartite Graphs Using Hierarchical Aggregation and Filtering",
        "date": "2018-10",
        "abstract": "Bipartite graphs are typically visualized using linked\nlists or matrices. However, these classic visualization techniques\ndo not scale well with the number of nodes. Biclustering has\nbeen used to aggregate edges, but not to create linked lists\nwith thousands of nodes. In this paper, we present a new\ncasual exploration interface for large, weighted bipartite graphs,\nwhich allows for multi-scale exploration through hierarchical\naggregation of nodes and edges using biclustering in linked\nlists. We demonstrate the usefulness of the technique using two\ndata sets: a database of media advertising expenses of public\nauthorities and author-keyword co-occurrences from the IEEE\nVisualization Publication collection. Through an insight-based\nstudy with lay users, we show that the biclustering interface leads\nto longer exploration times, more insights, and more unexpected\nfindings than a baseline interface using only filtering. However,\nusers also perceive the biclustering interface as more complex.",
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        "title": "VisualFlatter - Visual Analysis of Distortions in the Projection of Biomedical Structures",
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        "abstract": "Projections of complex anatomical or biological structures from 3D to 2D are often used by visualization and domain experts\nto facilitate inspection and understanding. Representing complex structures, such as organs or molecules, in a simpler 2D\nway often requires less interaction, while enabling comparability. However, the most commonly employed projection methods\nintroduce size or shape distortions, in the resulting 2D representations. While simple projections display known distortion\npatterns, more complex projection algorithms are not easily predictable.We propose the VisualFlatter, a visual analysis tool that\nenables visualization and domain experts to explore and analyze projection-induced distortions, in a structured way. Our tool\nprovides a way to identify projected regions with semantically relevant distortions and allows users to comparatively analyze\ndistortion outcomes, either from alternative projection methods or due to different setups through the projection pipeline. The\nuser is given the ability to improve the initial projection configuration, after comparing different setups. We demonstrate the\nfunctionality of our tool using four scenarios of 3D to 2D projections, conducted with the help of domain or visualization experts\nworking on different application fields. We also performed a wider evaluation with 13 participants, familiar with projections,\nto assess the usability and functionality of the Visual Flatter.",
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    {
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Preview to Adenita: Visualization and Modeling of DNA Nanostructures",
        "date": "2018-06-08",
        "abstract": "We present Adenita, an open-source software that aims to provide an integrated in silico\ndesign toolkit for DNA Nanostructures. It facilitates the modular assembly of pre-existing\nand de novo designs, regardless of the used approach. Adenita is being developed in the\ncontext of the MARA project [1], a highly ambitious project aiming to produce a DNA\nnanorobot capable of targeted cell lyses. Currently, the existing design and visualization\ntools are insufficient to solve the specific challenges in our project. We aim to overcome\nthese limitations with Adenita, a new semi-automated approach that we are developing as\nthe MARA project advances. Adenita integrates visualizations [2] with user interactions and\nalgorithms in a semi-manual approach. At the core, we use a hierarchical data model that\nenables us to combine both a top-down (DAEDALUS [3]) and a bottom-up (caDNAno [4])\ndesign approach of the DNA Nanostructure. From the DNA data model, we create smooth\nvisualizations that depict the structure in multiple scales from its atomic details to a highlevel\ngeometric representation of the target shape. In addition, we employ different layouts\nfor the same structure [5]: 3D structural representations, 2D caDNAno-style diagrams, and\n1D display of the linear sequences. Creators enable the parametrized generation of\nstructural motifs, while Manipulators facilitate the advanced modifications of the structural\nproperties, such as connecting components and adding bridging strands. Analysis of the\ndesigns is still in a preliminary phase, but it already enables the straightforward estimation\nof distances and the melting temperatures [6] of binding regions. The first DNA\nnanostructures that we designed with the new tool are now under experimental evaluation.\n",
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    {
        "id": "miao2018Dimsum",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "DimSUM: Dimension and Scale Unifying Maps for Visual Abstraction of DNA Origami Structures",
        "date": "2018-06",
        "abstract": null,
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        "substitute": null,
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        "date_from": "2017-06",
        "date_to": "2018-06",
        "event": "EuroVis Conference 2018",
        "journal": "Computer Graphics Forum",
        "lecturer": [
            1263
        ],
        "location": "Brno, Czech Republic",
        "number": "3",
        "volume": "37",
        "research_areas": [
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            "IllVis",
            "InfoVis"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "id": "Schernthaner-2017-MCP",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Multipath Curved Planar Reformations of Peripheral CT Angiography: Diagnostic Accuracy and Time Efficiency",
        "date": "2018-05-01",
        "abstract": "Objectives To compare diagnostic performance and time\nefficiency between 3D multipath curved planar reformations\n(mpCPRs) and axial images of CT angiography for\nthe pre-interventional assessment of peripheral arterial\ndisease (PAD), with digital subtraction angiography as the\nstandard of reference.\nMethods Forty patients (10 females, mean age 72 years),\nreferred to CTA prior to endovascular treatment of PAD,\nwere prospectively included and underwent peripheral CT\nangiography. A semiautomated toolbox was used to render\nmpCPRs. Twenty-one arterial segments were defined in\neach leg; for each segment, the presence of stenosis[70%\nwas assessed on mpCPRs and axial images by two readers,\nindependently, with digital subtraction angiography as gold\nstandard.\nResults Both readers reached lower sensitivity (Reader 1:\n91 vs. 94%, p = 0.08; Reader 2: 89 vs. 93%, p = 0.03) but\nsignificantly higher specificity (Reader 1: 94 vs. 89%,\np\\0.01; Reader 2: 96 vs. 95%, p = 0.01) with mpCPRs\nthan with axial images. Reader 1 achieved significantly\nhigher accuracy with mpCPRs (93 vs. 91%, p = 0.02), and Reader 2 had similar overall accuracy in both evaluations\n(94 vs. 94%, p = 0.96). Both readers read mpCPRs significantly\nfaster than axial images (Reader 1: 504500 based\non mpCPRs vs. 704000 based on axial images; Reader 2:\n404100 based on mpCPRs vs. 605700 based on axial images;\np\\0.01).\nConclusions mpCPRs are a promising 3D reformation\ntechnique that facilitates a fast assessment of PAD with\nhigh diagnostic accuracy.",
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        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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            1532,
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        "abstract": "We present the Bladder Runner, a novel tool to enable detailed visual exploration and analysis of the impact of bladder shape variation on the accuracy of dose delivery, during the course of prostate cancer radiotherapy (RT). Our tool enables the investigation of individual patients and cohorts through the entire treatment process, and it can give indications of RT-induced complications for the patient. In prostate cancer RT treatment, despite the design of an initial plan prior to dose administration, bladder toxicity remains very common. The main reason is that the dose is delivered in multiple fractions over a period of weeks, during which, the anatomical variation of the bladder - due to differences in urinary filling - causes deviations between planned and delivered doses. Clinical researchers want to correlate bladder shape variations to dose deviations and toxicity risk through cohort studies, to understand which specific bladder shape characteristics are more prone to side effects. This is currently done with Dose-Volume Histograms (DVHs), which provide limited, qualitative insight. The effect of bladder variation on dose delivery and the resulting toxicity cannot be currently examined with the DVHs. To address this need, we designed and implemented the Bladder Runner, which incorporates visualization strategies in a highly interactive environment with multiple linked views. Individual patients can be explored and analyzed through the entire treatment period, while inter-patient and temporal exploration, analysis and comparison are also supported. We demonstrate the applicability of our presented tool with a usage scenario, employing a dataset of 29 patients followed through the course of the treatment, across 13 time points. We conducted an evaluation with three clinical researchers working on the investigation of RT-induced bladder toxicity. All participants agreed that Bladder Runner provides better understanding and new opportunities for the exploration and analysis of the involved cohort data.",
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        "abstract": "Probabilistic weather forecasts are amongst the most popular ways to quantify numerical forecast uncertainties. The analog\nregression method can quantify uncertainties and express them as probabilities. The method comprises the analysis of errors\nfrom a large database of past forecasts generated with a specific numerical model and observational data. Current visualization\ntools based on this method are essentially automated and provide limited analysis capabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel\napproach that breaks down the automatic process using the experience and knowledge of the users and creates a new interactive\nvisual workflow. Our approach allows forecasters to study probabilistic forecasts, their inner analogs and observations, their\nassociated spatial errors, and additional statistical information by means of coordinated and linked views. We designed the\npresented solution following a participatory methodology together with domain experts. Several meteorologists with different\nbackgrounds validated the approach. Two case studies illustrate the capabilities of our solution. It successfully facilitates the\nanalysis of uncertainty and systematic model biases for improved decision-making and process-quality measurements.",
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        "title": "Adaptive Visual Computing",
        "date": "2017-08-31",
        "abstract": "Visual computing uses computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of (abstract) data to amplify cognition. In recent years data complexity concerning volume, veracity, velocity, and variety has increased considerably. Several adaptive visual computing approaches are discussed in detail. Data-sensitive navigation for user-interface elements is presented. The approach normalizes user input according to visual change, and also visually communicates this normalization. In this way, output-sensitive interactions can be realized. Quantitative and reproducible linking & brushing as integral part of visual analytics is approached through structured brushing, percentile brushes, linked statistics, and change visualization. Multiscale models, e.g., from structural biology, require multiscale dynamic color mapping with sometimes overlapping or contradicting colors. We present a technique, which adaptively, based on the current scale level, nonlinearly and seamlessly adjusts the color scheme to depict or distinguish the currently best visible structural information. Adaptive visual computing is addressing the amplified data complexity through increased scalability. Research challenges and directions are sketched at the end of the talk.\n",
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        "abstract": "Spinel-group minerals are excellent indicators of geological environments and are of invaluable help in the search for mineral\ndeposits of economic interest. The geologists analyze them by means of Barnes and Roeder’s contours. In this paper, we present a\ncollection of novel, interactive methods, which assist geologists in the categorization of spinel-group minerals. We fully integrate\nBarnes and Roeder’s contours using a polygonal representation. This makes it possible to efficiently superimpose user-provided point\ndata over the contours, and to automatically rank the contours based on the number of enclosed points. We also allow the expert to\ncreate contours for the user-provided point data. Once user contours are created, they can be compared with Barnes and Roeder’s\ncontours. During the analysis, the user can drill-down by means of brushing. As we deal with specific data, we apply two novel\nbrushing techniques, i.e., the percentile brush and the contour brush. The novel brushing mechanisms along with the interactive\ncomparison speed-up the analysis significantly. We evaluate the newly introduced approach and the resulting novel workflow using\nreal-word data from different locations in Argentina. According to the domain experts, the classification of spinel minerals needs\nseveral minutes now, while it took a few days with the current state of the art approach in the domain.",
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        "title": "Metamorphers: Storytelling Templates For Illustrative Animated Transitions in Molecular Visualization",
        "date": "2017-05",
        "abstract": "In molecular biology, illustrative animations are used to convey complex biological phenomena to broad audiences. However, such animations have to be manually authored in 3D modeling software, a time consuming task that has to be repeated from scratch for every new data set, and requires a high level of expertise in illustration, animation, and biology. We therefore propose metamorphers: a set of operations for deﬁning animation states as well as the transitions to them in the form of re-usable story telling templates. The re-usability is two-fold. Firstly, due to their modular nature, metamorphers can be re-used in different combinations to create a wide range of animations. Secondly, due to their abstract nature, metamorphers can be re-used to re-create an intended animation for a wide range of compatible data sets. Metamorphers thereby mask the low level complexity of explicit animation speciﬁcations by exploiting the inherent properties of the molecular data, such as the position, size, and hierarchy level of a semantic data subset.",
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        "title": "Visualization Multi-Pipeline for Communicating Biology",
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        "abstract": "We propose a system to facilitate biology communication by developing a pipeline to support the instructional visualization of heterogeneous biological data on heterogeneous user-devices. Discoveries and concepts in biology are typically summarized with illustrations assembled manually from the interpretation and application of heterogenous data. The creation of such illustrations is time consuming, which makes it incompatible with frequent updates to the measured data as new discoveries are made. Illustrations are typically non-interactive, and when an illustration is updated, it still has to reach the user. Our system is designed to overcome these three obstacles. It supports the integration of heterogeneous datasets, reflecting the knowledge that is gained from different data sources in biology. After pre-processing the datasets, the system transforms them into visual representations as inspired by scientific illustrations. As opposed to traditional scientific illustration these representations are generated in real-time - they are interactive. The code generating the visualizations can be embedded in various software environments. To demonstrate this, we implemented both a desktop application and a remote-rendering server in which the pipeline is embedded. The remote-rendering server supports multi-threaded rendering and it is able to handle multiple users simultaneously. This scalability to different hardware environments, including multi-GPU setups, makes our system useful for efficient public dissemination of biological discoveries.\n",
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        "abstract": "Ensemble datasets describe a specific phenomenon (e.g., a simulation scenario or a measurements series) through a large set of individual ensemble members. These individual members typically do not differ too much from each other but rather feature slightly changing characteristics. In many cases, the ensemble members are defined in 3D space, which implies severe challenges when exploring the complete ensembles such as handling occlusions, focus and context or its sheer datasize. In this paper we address these challenges and put our focus on the exploration of local features in 3D volumetric ensemble datasets, not only by visualizing local characteristics, but also by identifying connections to other local features with similar characteristics in the data. We evaluate the variance in the dataset and use the the spatial median (medoid) of the ensemble to visualize the differences in the dataset. This medoid is subsequently used as a representative of the ensemble in 3D. The variance information is used to guide users during the exploration, as regions of high variance also indicate larger changes within the ensemble members. The local characteristics of the regions can be explored by using our proposed 3D probing widgets. These widgets consist of a 3D sphere, which can be positioned at any point in 3D space. While moving a widget, the local data characteristics at the corresponding position are shown in a separate detail view, which depicts the local outliers and their surfaces in comparison to the medoid surface. The 3D probing widgets can also be fixed at a user-defined position of interest. The fixed probing widgets are arranged in a similarity graph to indicate similar local data characteristics. The similarity graph thus allows to explore whether high variances in a certain region are caused by the same dataset members or not. Finally, it is also possible to compare a single member against the rest of the ensemble. We evaluate our technique through two demonstration cases using volumetric multi-label segmentation mask datasets, two from the\nindustrial domain and two from the medical domain.",
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        "title": "Vis-a-ware: Integrating spatial and non-spatial visualization for visibility-aware urban planning",
        "date": "2016-01-22",
        "abstract": "3D visibility analysis plays a key role in urban planning for assessing the visual impact of proposed buildings on the cityscape. A call for proposals typically yields around 30 candidate buildings that need to be evaluated with respect to selected viewpoints. Current visibility analysis methods are very time-consuming and limited to a small number of viewpoints. Further, analysts neither have measures to evaluate candidates quantitatively, nor to compare them efficiently. The primary contribution of this work is the design study of Vis-A-Ware, a visualization system to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate, rank, and compare visibility data of candidate buildings with respect to a large number of viewpoints. Vis-A-Ware features a 3D spatial view of an urban scene and non-spatial views of data derived from visibility evaluations, which are tightly integrated by linked interaction. To enable a quantitative evaluation we developed four metrics in accordance with experts from urban planning. We illustrate the applicability of Vis-A-Ware on the basis of a use case scenario and present results from informal feedback sessions with domain experts from urban planning and development. This feedback suggests that Vis-A-Ware is a valuable tool for visibility analysis allowing analysts to answer complex questions more efficiently and objectively.",
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        "id": "Labschuetz_Matthias_2016_JITT",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "JiTTree: A Just-in-Time Compiled Sparse GPU Volume Data Structure",
        "date": "2016-01",
        "abstract": "Sparse volume data structures enable the efficient representation of large but sparse volumes in GPU memory for computation\r\nand visualization. However, the choice of a specific data structure for a given data set depends on several factors, such as\r\nthe memory budget, the sparsity of the data, and data access patterns. In general, there is no single optimal sparse data structure,\r\nbut a set of several candidates with individual strengths and drawbacks. One solution to this problem are hybrid data structures which\r\nlocally adapt themselves to the sparsity. However, they typically suffer from increased traversal overhead which limits their utility in\r\nmany applications. This paper presents JiTTree, a novel sparse hybrid volume data structure that uses just-in-time compilation to\r\novercome these problems. By combining multiple sparse data structures and reducing traversal overhead we leverage their individual\r\nadvantages. We demonstrate that hybrid data structures adapt well to a large range of data sets. They are especially superior to\r\nother sparse data structures for data sets that locally vary in sparsity. Possible optimization criteria are memory, performance and\r\na combination thereof. Through just-in-time (JIT) compilation, JiTTree reduces the traversal overhead of the resulting optimal data\r\nstructure. As a result, our hybrid volume data structure enables efficient computations on the GPU, while being superior in terms of\r\nmemory usage when compared to non-hybrid data structures.",
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        "id": "sorger-2015-litevis",
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        "title": " Visual Analysis of Defects in Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers for 4DCT Interrupted In situ Tests",
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        "abstract": "Material engineers use interrupted in situ tensile testing to investigate the damage mechanisms in composite materials. For\neach subsequent scan, the load is incrementally increased until the specimen is completely fractured. During the interrupted in situ testing of glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRPs) defects of four types are expected to appear: matrix fracture, fiber/matrix debonding, fiber pull-out, and fiber fracture. There is a growing demand for the detection and analysis of these defects among the material engineers. In this paper, we present a novel workflow for the detection, classification, and visual analysis of defects in GFRPs using interrupted in situ tensile tests in combination with X-ray Computed Tomography. The workflow is based on the\nautomatic extraction of defects and fibers. We introduce the automatic Defect Classifier assigning the most suitable type to each defect based on its geometrical features. We present a visual analysis system that integrates four visualization methods: 1) the Defect Viewer highlights defects with visually encoded type in the context of the original CT image, 2) the Defect Density Maps provide an overview of the defect distributions according to type in 2D and 3D, 3) the Final Fracture Surface estimates the material fracture’s location and displays it as a 3D surface, 4) the 3D Magic Lens enables interactive exploration by combining detailed visualizations in the region of interest with overview visualizations as context. In collaboration with material engineers,\nwe evaluate our solution and demonstrate its practical applicability.",
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        "title": "Visual Quantification of the Circle of Willis: An Automated Identification and Standardized Representation",
        "date": "2016",
        "abstract": "This paper presents a method for the visual quantification of cerebral arteries, known as the Circle of Willis (CoW). It is an arterial structure with the responsibility of supplying the brain with blood, however, dysfunctions can lead to strokes. The diagnosis of such a time-critical/urgent event depends on the expertise of radiologists and the applied software tools. They use basic display methods of the volumetric data without any support of advanced image processing and visualization techniques. The goal of this paper is to present an automated method for the standardized description of cerebral arteries in stroke patients in order to provide an overview of the CoW's configuration. This novel representation provides visual indications of problematic areas as well as straightforward comparisons between multiple patients. Additionally, we offer a pipeline for extracting the CoW from Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography (TOF-MRA) data sets together with an enumeration technique for labelling the arterial segments by detecting the main supplying arteries of the CoW. We evaluated the feasibility of our visual quantification approach in a study of 63 TOF-MRA data sets and compared our findings to those of three radiologists. The obtained results demonstrate that our proposed techniques are effective in detecting the arteries and visually capturing the overall configuration of the CoW.",
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        "title": "Fuzzy feature tracking",
        "date": "2015-12",
        "abstract": "In situ analysis is becoming increasingly important in the evaluation of existing as well as novel materials and components. In this domain, specialists require answers on questions such as: How does a process change internal and external structures of a component? or How do the internal features evolve?In this work, we present a novel integrated visual analysis tool to evaluate series of X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) data. We therefore process volume datasets of a series of XCT scans, which non-destructively cover the evolution of a process by in situ scans. After the extraction of individual features, a feature tracking algorithm is applied to detect changes of features throughout the series as events. We distinguish between creation, continuation, split, merge and dissipation events. As an explicit tracking is not always possible, we introduce the computation of a Tracking Uncertainty. We visualize the data together with the determined events in multiple linked-views, each emphasizing individual aspects of the 4D-XCT dataset series: A Volume Player and a 3D Data View show the spatial feature information, whereas the global overview of the feature evolution is visualized in the Event Explorer. The Event Explorer allows for interactive exploration and selection of the events of interest. The selection is further used as basis to calculate a Fuzzy Tracking Graph visualizing the global evolution of the features over the whole series.We finally demonstrate the results and advantages of the proposed tool using various real world applications, such as a wood shrinkage analysis and an AlSiC alloy under thermal load. Graphical abstractDisplay Omitted HighlightsWe calculate a Tracking Uncertainty in order to find correlated features.The Event Explorer shows a global overview of events and feature properties.The Fuzzy Tracking Graph is used to track features through all time-steps.The Volume Player shows control elements to traverse the steps of a dataset series.",
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        "title": "Albero: A Visual Analytics Tool for Probabilistic Weather Forecasting.",
        "date": "2015-11",
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        "title": "Interactive Semi-Automatic Categorization for Spinel Group Minerals",
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        "title": "Interactive Semi-Automatic Categorization for Spinel Group Minerals",
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        "abstract": "Spinel group minerals are excellent indicators of geological environments (tectonic settings). In 2001, Barnes and Roeder defined a set of contours corresponding to compositional fields for spinel group minerals. Geologists typically use this contours to estimate the tectonic environment where a particular spinel composition could have been formed. This task is prone to errors and requires tedious manual comparison of overlapping diagrams. We introduce a semi-automatic, interactive detection of tectonic settings for an arbitrary dataset based on the Barnes and Roeder contours. The new approach integrates the mentioned contours and includes a novel interaction called contour brush. The new methodology is integrated in the Spinel Explorer system and it improves the scientist's workflow significantly.",
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        "title": "JiTTree: A Just-in-Time Compiled Sparse GPU Volume Data Structure",
        "date": "2015-10",
        "abstract": "Sparse volume data structures enable the efficient representation of large but sparse volumes in GPU memory for computation and visualization. However, the choice of a specific data structure for a given data set depends on several factors, such as the memory budget, the sparsity of the data, and data access patterns. In general, there is no single optimal sparse data structure,\r\nbut a set of several candidates with individual strengths and drawbacks. One solution to this problem are hybrid data structures which locally adapt themselves to the sparsity. However, they typically suffer from increased traversal overhead which limits their utility in many applications. This paper presents JiTTree, a novel sparse hybrid volume data structure that uses just-in-time compilation to overcome these problems. By combining multiple sparse data structures and reducing traversal overhead we leverage their individual advantages. We demonstrate that hybrid data structures adapt well to a large range of data sets. They are especially superior to other sparse data structures for data sets that locally vary in sparsity. Possible optimization criteria are memory, performance and a combination thereof. Through just-in-time (JIT) compilation, JiTTree reduces the traversal overhead of the resulting optimal data structure. As a result, our hybrid volume data structure enables efficient computations on the GPU, while being superior in terms of memory usage when compared to non-hybrid data structures.",
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        "title": "A Taxonomy of Integration Techniques for Spatial and Non-Spatial Visualizations",
        "date": "2015-10",
        "abstract": "Research on visual data representations is traditionally classified into methods assuming an inherent mapping from data values to spatial coordinates (scientific visualization and real-time rendering) and methods for abstract data lacking explicit spatial references (information visualization). In practice, however, many applications need to analyze data comprising abstract and spatial information, thereby spanning both visualization domains. Traditional classification schemes do not support a formal description of these integrated systems. The contribution of this paper is a taxonomy that describes a holistic design space for integrating components of spatial and abstract visualizations. We structure a visualization into three components: Data, Visual, and Navigation. These components can be linked to build integrated visualizations. Our taxonomy provides an alternative view on the field of visualization in a time where the border between scientific and information visualization becomes blurred.",
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    {
        "id": "Miao_2015_VCBM",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "CoWRadar: Visual Quantification of the Circle of Willis in Stroke Patients",
        "date": "2015-09",
        "abstract": "This paper presents a method for the visual quantification of cerebral arteries, known as the Circle of Willis (CoW).\nThe CoW is an arterial structure that is responsible for the brain’s blood supply. Dysfunctions of this arterial circle\ncan lead to strokes. The diagnosis relies on the radiologist’s expertise and the software tools used. These tools\nconsist of very basic display methods of the volumetric data without support of advanced technologies in medical\nimage processing and visualization. The goal of this paper is to create an automated method for the standardized\ndescription of cerebral arteries in stroke patients in order to provide an overview of the CoW’s configuration. This novel display provides visual indications of problematic areas as well as straightforward comparisons between\nmultiple patients. Additionally, we offer a pipeline for extracting the CoW from Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance\nAngiography (TOF-MRA) data sets. An enumeration technique for the labeling of the arterial segments is therefore\nsuggested. We also propose a method for detecting the CoW’s main supplying arteries by analyzing the coronal,\nsagittal and transverse image planes of the data sets. We evaluated the feasibility of our visual quantification\napproach in a study of 63 TOF-MRA data sets and compared our findings to those of three radiologists. The obtained results demonstrate that our proposed techniques are effective in detecting the arteries of the CoW.",
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        "authors": [
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        "booktitle": "EG Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine",
        "date_from": "2015-09-14",
        "date_to": "2015-09-15",
        "editor": "Katja Bühler and Lars Linsen and Nigel W. John",
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        "location": "Chester, United Kingdom",
        "organization": "EG Digital Library",
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        "publisher": "The Eurographics Association",
        "research_areas": [
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "New hybrid reformations of peripheral CT angiography: do we still need axial images?",
        "date": "2015-07",
        "abstract": "Purpose\r\n\r\nTo quantify the detectability of peripheral artery stenosis on hybrid CT angiography (CTA) reformations.\r\nMethods\r\n\r\nHybrid reformations were developed by combining multipath curved planar reformations (mpCPR) and maximum intensity projections (MIP). Fifty peripheral CTAs were evaluated twice: either with MIP, mpCPR and axial images or with hybrid reformations only. Digital subtraction angiography served as gold standard.\r\nResults\r\n\r\nUsing hybrid reformations, two independent readers detected 88.0% and 81.3% of significant stenosis, respectively. However, CTA including axial images detected statistically significant more lesions (98%).\r\nConclusion\r\n\r\nPeripheral CTA reading including axial images is still recommended. Further improvement of these hybrid reformations is necessary.",
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        "number": "4",
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        "pages_to": "607",
        "volume": "39",
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        "keywords": [
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        "id": "Cornel_Daniel_2015_VOC",
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        "title": "Visualization of Object-Centered Vulnerability to Possible Flood Hazards",
        "date": "2015-06",
        "abstract": "As flood events tend to happen more frequently, there is a growing demand for understanding the vulnerability of infrastructure to flood-related hazards. Such demand exists both for flood management personnel and the general public. Modern software tools are capable of generating uncertainty-aware flood predictions. However, the information addressing individual objects is incomplete, scattered, and hard to extract. In this paper, we address vulnerability to flood-related hazards focusing on a specific building. Our approach is based on the automatic extraction of relevant information from a large collection of pre-simulated flooding events, called a scenario pool. From this pool, we generate uncertainty-aware visualizations conveying the vulnerability of the building of interest to different kinds of flooding events. On the one hand, we display the adverse effects of the disaster on a detailed level, ranging from damage inflicted on the building facades or cellars to the accessibility of the important infrastructure in the vicinity. On the other hand, we provide visual indications of the events to which the building of interest is vulnerable in particular. Our visual encodings are displayed in the context of urban 3D renderings to establish an intuitive relation between geospatial and abstract information. We combine all the visualizations in a lightweight interface that enables the user to study the impacts and vulnerabilities of interest and explore the scenarios of choice. We evaluate our solution with experts involved in flood management and public communication.",
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        "authors": [
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        "date_from": "2015-05-25",
        "date_to": "2015-05-29",
        "event": "Euro Vis 2015",
        "issn": "1467-8659 (Online ISSN)",
        "journal": "Computer Graphic Forum",
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        "note": "3rd Best Paper Award",
        "number": "3",
        "pages_from": "331",
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        "volume": "34",
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        "id": "Vad_Viktor_2015_RVV",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Reproducibility, Verification, and Validation of Experiments on the Marschner-Lobb Test Signal",
        "date": "2015-05-25",
        "abstract": "The Marschner-Lobb (ML) test signal has been used for two decades to evaluate the visual quality of different volumetric reconstruction schemes. Previously, the reproduction of these experiments was very simple, as the ML signal was used to evaluate only compact filters applied on the traditional Cartesian lattice. As the Cartesian lattice is separable, it is easy to implement these filters as separable tensor-product extensions of well-known 1D filter kernels. Recently, however, non-separable reconstruction filters have received increased attention that are much more difficult to implement than the traditional tensor-product filters. Even if these are piecewise polynomial filters, the space partitions of the polynomial pieces are geometrically rather complicated. Therefore, the reproduction of the ML experiments is getting more and more difficult. Recently, we reproduced a previously published ML experiment for comparing Cartesian Cubic (CC), Body-Centered Cubic (BCC), and Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) lattices in terms of prealiasing. We recognized that the previously applied settings were biased and gave an undue advantage to the FCC-sampled ML representation. This result clearly shows that reproducibility, verification, and validation of the ML experiments is of crucial importance as the ML signal is the most frequently used benchmark for demonstrating the superiority of a reconstruction scheme or volume representations on non-Cartesian lattices.",
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        "title": "MoleCollar and Tunnel Heat Map Visualizations for Conveying Spatio-Temporo-Chemical Properties Across and Along Protein Voids",
        "date": "2015-05",
        "abstract": "Studying the characteristics of proteins and their inner void space, including their geometry, physico-chemical properties and dynamics are instrumental for evaluating the reactivity of the protein with other small molecules. The analysis of long simulations of molecular dynamics produces a large number of voids which have to be further explored and evaluated. In this paper we propose three new methods: two of them convey important properties along the long axis of a selected void during molecular dynamics and one provides a comprehensive picture across the void. The first two proposed methods use a specific heat map to present two types of information: an overview of all detected tunnels in the dynamics and their bottleneck width and stability over time, and an overview of a specific tunnel in the dynamics showing the bottleneck position and changes of the tunnel length over time. These methods help to select a small subset of tunnels, which are explored individually and in detail. For this stage we propose the third method, which shows in one static image the temporal evolvement of the shape of the most critical tunnel part, i.e., its bottleneck. This view is enriched with abstract depictions of different physicochemical properties of the amino acids surrounding the bottleneck. The usefulness of our newly proposed methods is demonstrated on a case study and the feedback from the domain experts is included. The biochemists confirmed that our novel methods help to convey the information about the appearance and properties of tunnels in a very intuitive and comprehensible manner.",
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    {
        "id": "Bruckner_Stefan_2015_VAS",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visual Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Data: Applications in Weather Forecasting",
        "date": "2015-05",
        "abstract": "Weather conditions affect multiple aspects of human life such as economy, safety, security, and social activities. For\nthis reason, weather forecast plays a major role in society. Currently weather forecasts are based on Numerical\nWeather Prediction (NWP) models that generate a representation of the atmospheric flow. Interactive visualization\nof geo-spatial data has been widely used in order to facilitate the analysis of NWP models. This paper presents a\nvisualization system for the analysis of spatio-temporal patterns in short-term weather forecasts. For this purpose,\nwe provide an interactive visualization interface that guides users from simple visual overviews to more advanced\nvisualization techniques. Our solution presents multiple views that include a timeline with geo-referenced maps, an\nintegrated webmap view, a forecast operation tool, a curve-pattern selector, spatial filters, and a linked meteogram.\nTwo key contributions of this work are the timeline with geo-referenced maps and the curve-pattern selector. The\nlatter provides novel functionality that allows users to specify and search for meaningful patterns in the data.\nThe visual interface of our solution allows users to detect both possible weather trends and errors in the weather\nforecast model.We illustrate the usage of our solution with a series of case studies that were designed and validated\nin collaboration with domain experts.",
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    {
        "id": "Froehler_Berhnard_2015_ESM",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Multimodal Visualization and Analysis of Spectral and XCT Data",
        "date": "2015-04-09",
        "abstract": "An increasing number of industrial applications demand a comprehensive analysis of both structural and chemical composition. Typically, non-destructive testing techniques focus on either structural or chemical characterization but do not deliver both. 3D X-Ray Computed Tomography (XCT) scans are well-suited for determining the internal and external structure of an object at high resolution. The attenuation value it delivers can however be the same or very similar for different materials. For a detailed chemical analysis XCT is therefore combined with spectral characterization techniques such as K-Edge Absorptiometry or X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy. In this paper, we are extending a previously introduced framework for visualization and analysis of specimens scanned with these two modalities in multiple ways: For better understanding the dependencies between the spectral energy levels, we propose Spectral Similarity Maps. Spectral Functional Boxplots visualize the statistical distribution of the spectral data. The Spectrum Explor-er improves the analysis of specimens of unknown composition. We demonstrate the usefulness of our techniques on several use cases.",
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        "event": " 9. Forschungsforum der Österreichischen Fachhochschulen ",
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        "location": "FH OÖ Campus Hagenberg",
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        "research_areas": [
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    {
        "id": "Ganuza_MJ_2015_AVe",
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        "repositum_id": null,
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        "abstract": "Within the past decades visualization advanced to a powerful means of exploring and analyzing data. Recent developments in both hard- and software contributed to previously unthinkable evaluations and visualizations of data with strongly increasing sizes and levels of complexity.\n\nProviding just insight into available data of a problem seems not to be sufficient anymore: Uncertainty and parameter space analyses in visualization are becoming more prevalent and may be found in astronomic, (bio)-medical, industrial, and engineering applications. The major goal is to find out, at which stage of the pipeline - from data acquisition to the final rendering of the output image - how much uncertainty is introduced and consequently how the desired result (e.g., a dimensional measurement feature) is affected. Therefore effective methods and techniques are required by domain specialists, which help to understand how data is generated, how reliable is the generated data, and where and why data is uncertain.\n\nFurthermore, as the problems to investigate are becoming increasingly complex, also finding suitable algorithms providing the desired solution tends to be more difficult. Additional questions may arise, e.g., how does a slight parameter change modify the result, how stable is a parameter, in which range is a parameter stable or which parameter set is optimal for a specific problem. Metaphorically speaking, an algorithm for solving a problem may be seen as finding a path through some rugged terrain (the core problem) ranging from the high grounds of theory to the haunted swamps of heuristics. There are many different paths through this terrain with different levels of comfort, length, and stability. Finding all possible paths corresponds in our case to doing an analysis of all possible parameters of a problem solving algorithm, which yields a typically multi-dimensional parameter space. This parameter space allows for an analysis of the quality and stability of a specific parameter set. In many cases of conventional visualization approaches the issues of uncertainty and parameter space analyses are neglected. For a long time, uncertainty - if visualized at all - used to be depicted as blurred data. But in most cases the uncertainty in the base data is not considered at all and just the quantities of interest are calculated. And even to calculate these quantities of interest, too often an empirically found parameter set is used to parameterize the underlying algorithms without exploring its sensitivity to changes and without exploring the whole parameter space to find the global or a local optimum.\n\nThis tutorial aims to open minds and to look at our data and the parameter sets of our algorithms with a healthy skepticism. In the tutorial we combine uncertainty visualization and parameter space analyses which we believe is essential for the acceptance and applicability of future algorithms and techniques. The tutorial provides six sessions starting with an overview of uncertainty visualization including a historical perspective, uncertainty modeling and statistical visualization. The second part of the tutorial will be dedicated to structural uncertainty, parameter space analysis, industrial applications of uncertainty visualization and an outlook in this domain. ",
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        "title": "Towards an Unbiased Comparison of CC, BCC, and FCC Lattices in Terms of Prealiasing",
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        "abstract": "In the literature on optimal regular volume sampling, the Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) lattice has been proven\r\nto be optimal for sampling spherically band-limited signals above the Nyquist limit. On the other hand, if the\r\nsampling frequency is below the Nyquist limit, the Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) lattice was demonstrated to be optimal in reducing the prealiasing effect. In this paper, we confirm that the FCC lattice is indeed optimal in this sense in a certain interval of the sampling frequency. By theoretically estimating the prealiasing error in a realistic range of the sampling frequency, we show that in other frequency intervals, the BCC lattice and even the traditional Cartesian Cubic (CC) lattice are expected to minimize the prealiasing. The BCC lattice is superior over the FCC lattice if the sampling frequency is not significantly below the Nyquist limit. Interestingly, if the original signal is drastically undersampled, the CC lattice is expected to provide the lowest prealiasing error. Additionally,\r\nwe give a comprehensible clarification that the sampling efficiency of the FCC lattice is lower than that of the BCC\r\nlattice. Although this is a well-known fact, the exact percentage has been erroneously reported in the literature.\r\nFurthermore, for the sake of an unbiased comparison, we propose to rotate the Marschner-Lobb test signal such that an undue advantage is not given to either lattice.",
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        "title": "FiberScout: An Interactive Tool for Exploring and Analyzing Fiber Reinforced Polymers",
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        "abstract": "Advanced composites such as fiber reinforced polymers are promising candidate materials for future components as they allow integrating the continuously rising demands of industry regarding costeffectiveness, function-orientation, integration and weight. The most important structures of fiber reinforced polymers are the individual fibers, as their characteristics (stiffness, strength, ductility, durability, etc.) to a large extent determine the properties of the final component. The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of a new system for interactive exploration and visual analysis of fiber properties in X-ray computed tomography data of fiber reinforced polymers. The presented tool uses parallel coordinates to define and configure initial fiber classes. Using a scatter plot matrix linked to the parallel coordinates the initial classification may be refined. This allows to analyze hidden relationships between individual fiber properties. 2D and 3D views depict the resulting fiber classifications. By using polar plots an intuitive rendering of the fiber orientation distribution is provided. In addition, two modules of higher abstraction are proposed: The Blob visualization creates a hull around fibers with similar characteristics. The fiber metadata visualization allows to calculate overlays for 2D and 3D views containing regional information of particular material characteristics. The proposed system has been evaluated by two groups of domain experts. Applying the presented concepts the user feedback shows that the domain experts are now able to efficiently perform tasks as classification of fibers, visualization of fiber lengths and orientations, and visualization of fiber regions. The insights gained can be forwarded to the design office as well as to material development and simulation, in order to speed up the development of novel composite components.",
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        "abstract": "In scientific visualization the key task of research is the provision of insight into a problem. Finding the solution to a problem may be seen as finding a path through some rugged terrain which contains mountains, chasms, swamps, and few flatlands. This path—an algorithm discovered by the researcher—helps users to easily move around this unknown area. If this way is a wide road paved with stones it will be used for a long time by many travelers. However, a narrow footpath leading through deep forests and deadly swamps will attract only a few adventure seekers. There are many different paths with different levels of comfort, length, and stability, which are uncertain during the research process. Finding a systematic way to deal with this uncertainty can greatly assist the search for a safe path which is in our case the development of a suitable visualization algorithm for a specific problem. In this work we will analyze the sources of uncertainty in heuristically solving visualization problems and will propose directions to handle these uncertainties.",
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        "abstract": "We present an interactive graphical approach for the explicit specification of semantics for volume visualization. This explicit and\ngraphical specification of semantics for volumetric features allows us to visually assign meaning to both input and output parameters\nof the visualization mapping. This is in contrast to the implicit way of specifying semantics using transfer functions. In particular,\nwe demonstrate how to realize a dynamic specification of semantics which allows to flexibly explore a wide range of mappings.\nOur approach is based on three concepts. First, we use semantic shader augmentation to automatically add rule-based rendering\nfunctionality to static visualization mappings in a shader program, while preserving the visual abstraction that the initial shader\nencodes. With this technique we extend recent developments that define a mapping between data attributes and visual attributes\nwith rules, which are evaluated using fuzzy logic. Second, we let users define the semantics by analogy through brushing on\nrenderings of the data attributes of interest. Third, the rules are specified graphically in an interface that provides visual clues for\npotential modifications. Together, the presented methods offer a high degree of freedom in the specification and exploration of\nrule-based mappings and avoid the limitations of a linguistic rule formulation.",
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        "event": "Mini-Symposium on Medical Visualization, University of Bergen",
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        "title": "Visualization in Biopsy Planning",
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        "event": "Computer Graphics and Visualization Group, Technische Universität München",
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        "event": "Computer Graphics and HCI Group, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern",
        "location": "Germany",
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    {
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Centerline Reformations of Complex Vascular Structures",
        "date": "2012",
        "abstract": "Visualization of vascular structures is a common and frequently performed task in the field of medical imaging. There exist well established and applicable methods such as Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) and Curved Planar Reformation (CPR). However, when calcified vessel walls are investigated, occlusion hinders exploration of the vessel interior with MIP. In contrast, CPR offers the possibility to visualize the vessel lumen by cutting a single vessel along its centerline. Extending the idea of CPR, we propose a novel technique, called Centerline Reformation (CR), which is capable of visualizing the lumen of spatially arbitrarily oriented vessels not necessarily connected in a tree structure. In order to visually emphasize depth, overlap and occlusion, halos can optionally envelope the vessel lumen. The required vessel centerlines are obtained from volumetric data by performing a scale-space based feature extraction. We present the application of the proposed technique in a focus and context setup. Further, we demonstrate how it facilitates the investigation of dense vascular structures, particularly cervical vessels or vessel data featuring peripheral arterial occlusive diseases or pulmonary embolisms. Finally, feedback from domain experts is given.",
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        "title": "Visual analysis and steering of flooding simulations",
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        "abstract": "We present a visualization tool for the real-time analysis of interactively steered ensemble-simulation runs, and apply it to flooding simulations. Simulations are performed on-the-fly, generating large quantities of data. The user wants to make sense of the data as it is created. The tool facilitates understanding: of what happens in all scenarios, where important events occur and how simulation runs are related. We combine different approaches to achieve this goal. To maintain an overview, data is aggregated and embedded into the simulation rendering, showing trends, outliers, and robustness. For a detailed view, we use information-visualization views and interactive visual analysis techniques. A selection mechanism connects the two approaches. Points of interest are selected by clicking on aggregates, supplying data for visual analysis. This allows the user to maintain an overview of the ensemble and perform analysis even as new data is supplied through simulation steering. Unexpected or unwanted developments are detected easily, and the user can focus the exploration on them. The solution was evaluated with two case studies focusing on placing and testing flood defense measures. Both were evaluated by a consortium of flood simulation and defense experts, who found the system to be both intuitive and relevant.",
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        "title": "Projection-Based Metal-Artifact Reduction for Industrial 3D X-ray Computed Tomography",
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        "title": "Gradient-based Classification and Representation of Features from Volume Data",
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        "abstract": "The extraction and representation of information\r\nfrom volume data are important research avenues in\r\ncomputer-based visualization. The interpretation of three- or\r\nmulti-dimensional data from various scanning devices is\r\nimportant to medical imaging, diagnosis and treatment,\r\nreliability and sustainability analyses in various industrial\r\nbranches, and, in more general terms, information\r\nvisualization. In this paper, we present several approaches for\r\nthe classification and representation of relevant information\r\nfrom volume data sets. The techniques are based on the\r\ngradient vector, a property directly derived from the original\r\nvolume data. We show how this property can be computed and\r\nsubsequently used for classification through gradient-based\r\none- and multi-dimensional transfer functions, as well as for\r\nthe enhancement of surface features. The described techniques\r\nare illustrated through images generated using our volume\r\nrendering framework, from Computed Tomography (CT) and\r\nMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data sets. The resulting\r\nimages show how gradient-based techniques are suited for\r\nimproved volume classification and the better extraction of\r\nmeaningful information.",
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        "abstract": "Displaying a large number of lines within a limited amount of screen space is a task that is common to many\r\ndifferent classes of visualization techniques such as time-series visualizations, parallel coordinates, link-node diagrams,\r\nand phase-space diagrams. This paper addresses the challenging problems of cluttering and overdraw\r\ninherent to such visualizations. We generate a 2x2 tensor field during line rasterization that encodes the distribution\r\nof line orientations through each image pixel. Anisotropic diffusion of a noise texture is then used to generate\r\na dense, coherent visualization of line orientation. In order to represent features of different scales, we employ a\r\nmulti-resolution representation of the tensor field. The resulting technique can easily be applied to a wide variety\r\nof line-based visualizations. We demonstrate this for parallel coordinates, a time-series visualization, and a\r\nphase-space diagram. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to integrate a focus+context approach by incorporating\r\na second tensor field. Our approach achieves interactive rendering performance for large data sets containing\r\nmillions of data items, due to its image-based nature and ease of implementation on GPUs. Simulation results\r\nfrom computational fluid dynamics are used to evaluate the performance and usefulness of the proposed method.",
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        "title": "Contingency Wheel: Visual Analysis of Large Contingency Tables",
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        "abstract": "We present the Contingency Wheel, a visual method for finding and analyzing associations in a large nm contingency\ntable with m < 100 and n being two to three orders of magnitude larger than m. The method is demonstrated on a large\ntable from the Book-Crossing dataset, which counts the number of ratings each book received from each country. It\nenables finding books that received a disproportionately high number of ratings from a specific country. It further allows\nto visually analyze what these books have in common, and with which countries they are also highly associated. Pairs of\nsimilar countries can further be identified (in the sense that many books are associated with both countries). Compared\nwith existing visual methods, our approach enables analyzing and gaining insight into larger tables.",
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        "abstract": "Technical developments in neurobiology have reached a point\r\nwhere the acquisition of high resolution images representing individual\r\nneurons and synapses becomes possible. For this, the brain\r\ntissue samples are sliced using a diamond knife and imaged with\r\nelectron-microscopy (EM). However, the technique achieves a low\r\nresolution in the cutting direction, due to limitations of the mechanical\r\nprocess, making a direct visualization of a dataset difficult. We\r\naim to increase the depth resolution of the volume by adding new\r\nimage slices interpolated from the existing ones, without requiring\r\nmodifications to the EM image-capturing method. As classical interpolation\r\nmethods do not provide satisfactory results on this type\r\nof data, the current paper proposes a re-framing of the problem in\r\nterms of motion volumes, considering the depth axis as a temporal\r\naxis. An optical flow method is adapted to estimate the motion\r\nvectors of pixels in the EM images, and this information is used\r\nto compute and insert multiple new images at certain depths in the\r\nvolume. We evaluate the visualization results in comparison with\r\ninterpolation methods currently used on EM data, transforming the\r\nhighly anisotropic original dataset into a dataset with a larger depth\r\nresolution. The interpolation based on optical flow better reveals\r\nneurite structures with realistic undistorted shapes, and helps to easier\r\nmap neuronal connections.",
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        "title": "Enhancing Visualization with Real-Time Frequency-based Transfer Functions",
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        "title": "Comprehensive Visualization\u000bof Cardiac MRI Data",
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        "abstract": "Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death in the western world. The continuous improvements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology facilitate more accurate diagnoses by providing increasingly more detailed information on the viability, functioning, perfusion, and anatomy of a patient’s heart. The talk covers several techniques that realize multi-modal visualizations of a patient’s heart to assist in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease . A volumetric bull’s eye offers a more comprehensive view on the viability of a patient’s heart by providing detailed information on the transmurality of scar while not suffering from discontinuities. Anatomical context is often lost due to abstract representations of data, or may be scarce due to the nature of the scanning protocol. Several techniques to restore the relation to anatomy are presented. The primary coronary arteries are segmented in a whole heart scan and mapped onto a volumetric bull’s eye plot, adding anatomical context to an abstract representation. Similarly, segmented late enhancement data are rendered along with a three-dimensional segmentation of the patient-specific myocardial and coronary anatomy. Additionally, coronary supply territories are computed from patient-specific data as an improvement over models based on population averages. Information on the perfusion of the myocardium provided by MRI is typically of fairly low resolution. Using high-resolution anatomical data, an approach to visualize simulated myocardial perfusion is presented, taking full advantage of the detailed information on perfusion. Finally, a truly comprehensive visualization of a cardiac MRI exam is explored by combining whole heart, late enhancement, functional, and perfusion scans in a single visualization.",
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        "title": "Visualization of Complex Data: Going from Linked to Integrated Views ",
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        "abstract": "Data Visualization uses computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of (abstract) data to amplify cognition. In recent years data complexity has increased tremendously. This is for example due to an increase in data size and dimensionality. New imaging modalities generate quite heterogeneous, multi-valued, multi-modal, and time-varying data. Separate views and linked views are approaches to cope with complexity, but are limited, e.g., concerning scalability. This talk will concentrate especially on integrated views as inspired by traditional illustrations.  Integration can be coarse or sparse in space and time. It may even involve different spaces with varying dimensionality and characteristics. The talk will discuss several research examples which go beyond data and image fusion. More details will be given about a specific display of 3D volume data integrated into a 2D graph view.",
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        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visual Steering to Support Decision Making in Visdom",
        "date": "2011",
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        "date_from": "2011-11-02",
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        "event": "Visual Computing Forum, University of Bergen",
        "location": "Norway",
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    {
        "id": "Groeller_2011_VSS",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visual Steering to Support \u000bDecision Making in Visdom",
        "date": "2011",
        "abstract": "Computer simulation has become an ubiquitous tool to investigate the nature of systems. When steering a simulation, users modify parameters to study their impact on the simulation outcome. The ability to test alternative options provides the basis for interactive decision making. Increasingly complex simulations are characterized by an intricate interplay of many heterogeneous input and output parameters. A steering concept that combines simulation and visualization within a single, comprehensive system is largely missing. This talk targets the basic components of a novel integrated steering system called Visdom to support the user in the decision making process. The proposed techniques enable users to examine alternative scenarios without the need for special simulation expertise. To accomplish this, we propose World Lines as a management strategy for multiple, related simulation runs. In a dedicated view, users create and navigate through many simulation runs. New decisions are included through the concept of branching. To account for uncertain knowledge about the input parameters, we provide the ability to cover full parameter distributions. Via multiple cursors, users navigate a system of multiple linked views through time and alternative scenarios. In this way, the system supports comparative visual analysis of many simulation runs. Since the steering process generates a huge amount of information, we employ the machine to support the user in the search for explanations inside the computed data. Visdom is built on top of a data-flow network to provide a high level of modularity. A decoupled meta-flow is in charge of transmitting parameter changes from World Lines to the affected dataflow nodes. To direct the user attention to the most relevant parts, we provide dynamic visualization inside the flow diagram. The usefulness of the presented approach is substantiated through case studies in the field of flood management. The Visdom application enables the design of a breach closure by dropping sandbags in a virtual environment.",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "The Haunted Swamps of Heuristics",
        "date": "2011",
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        "event": "EuroVis 2011",
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    {
        "id": "sikachev-2010-DFC",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Dynamic Focus+Context for Volume Rendering",
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        "abstract": "Interactive visualization is widely used in many applications for efficient representation of complex data.\r\nMany techniques make use of the focus+context approach in a static manner. These techniques do not fully make use of the interaction semantics.\r\nIn this paper we present a dynamic focus+context approach that highlights salient features during user interaction. We explore rotation, panning, and zooming interaction semantics and propose several methods of changing visual representations, based on a suggested engagement-estimation method. We use DVR-MIP interpolation and a radial opacity-change approach, exploring rotation, panning, and zooming semantics.\r\nOur approach adds short animations during user interaction that help to explore the data efficiently and aid the user in the detection of unknown features.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "address": "University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany",
        "booktitle": "Proceedings of Vision, Modeling and Visualization 2010",
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    {
        "id": "Waser-2010-WL",
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        "title": "World Lines",
        "date": "2010-11",
        "abstract": "In this paper we present World Lines as a novel interactive visualization that provides complete control over multiple\r\nheterogeneous simulation runs. In many application areas, decisions can only be made by exploring alternative scenarios. The goal\r\nof the suggested approach is to support users in this decision making process. In this setting, the data domain is extended to a set of\r\nalternative worlds where only one outcome will actually happen. World Lines integrates simulation, visualization and computational\r\nsteering into a single unified system that is capable of dealing with the extended solution space. World Lines represents simulation\r\nruns as causally connected tracks that share a common time axis. This setup enables users to interfere and add new information\r\nquickly. A World Line is introduced as a visual combination of user events and their effects in order to present a possible future. To\r\nquickly find the most attractive outcome, we suggest World Lines as the governing component in a system of multiple linked views\r\nand a simulation component. World Lines employs linking and brushing to enable comparative visual analysis of multiple simulations\r\nin linked views. Analysis results can be mapped to various visual variables that World Lines provides in order to highlight the most\r\ncompelling solutions. To demonstrate this technique we present a flooding scenario and show the usefulness of the integrated\r\napproach to support informed decision making.",
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        "title": "Visual Optimality and Stability Analysis of 3DCT Scan Positions",
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        "abstract": "Industrial cone-beam X-Ray computed tomography (CT) systems often face problems due to artifacts caused by a bad placement of the specimen on the rotary plate. This paper presents a visual-analysis tool for CT systems, which provides a simulation-based\npreview and estimates artifacts and deviations of a specimen’s placement using the corresponding 3D geometrical surface model as input. The presented tool identifies potentially good or bad placements of a specimen and regions of a specimen, which cause the major portion of artefacts. The tool can be used for a preliminary analysis of the specimen before CT scanning, in order to determine the optimal way of placing the object. The analysis includes: penetration lengths, placement stability and an investigation\nin Radon space. Novel visualization techniques are applied to the simulation data. A stability widget is presented for determining the placement parameters’ robustness. The performance and the comparison of results provided by the tool compared with real world data is demonstrated using two specimens.",
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        "title": "Custom Interface Elements for Improved Paramter Control in Volume Rendering",
        "date": "2010-10",
        "abstract": "In volume visualization interfaces, renderingrelated\r\nparameters are often manually editable through\r\nvarious controls and interface elements. Most of the time\r\nhowever, these offer little or no beforehand information on\r\nthe resulting effects that would occur for certain parameter\r\nvalues or across the whole value domain. This makes\r\nparameter adjustment a trial and error process. We have\r\ndeveloped techniques to anticipate these changes and display\r\nthem on customized versions of popular interface elements,\r\nsuch as sliders or transfer function editors. Through the use of\r\nvisualization means such as graphs, color mapping, and\r\nvarious other indicators, the influence of potential parameter\r\nchanges on the volume rendering output can be assessed\r\nbefore any actual changes are made. This makes it easier for\r\nthe potential user to work with such interfaces, while\r\nreceiving feedback on parameter behavior and stability.",
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        "title": "Comparative Visualization for Parameter Studies of Dataset Series",
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        "title": "Volume Visualization based on Statistical Transfer-Function Spaces",
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        "title": "Seismic Volume Visualization for Horizon Extraction",
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        "id": "bruckner-2010-HVC",
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        "title": "Hybrid Visibility Compositing and Masking for Illustrative Rendering",
        "date": "2010",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for the compositing of interactively rendered 3D layers\ntailored to the needs of scientific illustration. Currently, traditional scientific illustrations are produced\nin a series of composition stages, combining different pictorial elements using 2D digital layering. Our\napproach extends the layer metaphor into 3D without giving up the advantages of 2D methods. The\nnew compositing approach allows for effects such as selective transparency, occlusion overrides, and\nsoft depth buffering. Furthermore, we show how common manipulation techniques such as masking\ncan be integrated into this concept. These tools behave just like in 2D, but their influence extends\nbeyond a single viewpoint. Since the presented approach makes no assumptions about the underlying\nrendering algorithms, layers can be generated based on polygonal geometry, volumetric data, pointbased\nrepresentations, or others. Our implementation exploits current graphics hardware and permits\nreal-time interaction and rendering.",
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        "id": "bruckner-2010-IFC",
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        "tu_id": null,
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        "title": "Illustrative Focus+Context Approaches in Interactive Volume Visualization",
        "date": "2010",
        "abstract": "Illustrative techniques are a new and exciting direction in visualization research. Traditional techniques which have been used by scientific illustrators for centuries are re-examined under the light of modern computer technology. In this paper, we discuss the use of the focus+context concept for the illustrative visualization of volumetric data. We give an overview of the state-of-the-art and discuss recent approaches which employ this concept in novel ways.",
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        "authors": [
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            591,
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        "booktitle": "Scientific Visualization: Advanced Concepts",
        "chapter": "10",
        "editor": "Hans Hagen",
        "isbn": "978-3-939897-19-4",
        "note": "The article was originally written in 2005 after the Dagstuhl Seminar on Scientific Visualization and reflects the state-of-the-art at that time.",
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        "id": "Groeller-2010-CVC",
        "type_id": "talk",
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        "title": "Comprehensive Visualization of Cardiac MRI Data",
        "date": "2010",
        "abstract": "Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death in the western world. The continuous improvements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology facilitate more accurate diagnoses by providing increasingly more detailed information on the viability, functioning, perfusion, and anatomy of a patient’s heart. The talk covers several novel techniques that realize multi-modal visualizations of a patient’s heart to assist in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease . A volumetric bull’s eye offers a more comprehensive view on the viability of a patient’s heart by providing detailed information on the transmurality of scar while not suffering from discontinuities. Anatomical context is often lost due to abstract representations of data, or may be scarce due to the nature of the scanning protocol. Several techniques to restore the relation to anatomy are presented. The primary coronary arteries are segmented in a whole heart scan and mapped onto a volumetric bull’s eye plot, adding anatomical context to an abstract representation. Similarly, segmented late enhancement data are rendered along with a three-dimensional segmentation of the patient-specific myocardial and coronary anatomy. Additionally, coronary supply territories are computed from patient-specific data as an improvement over models based on population averages. Information on the perfusion of the myocardium provided by MRI is typically of fairly low resolution. Using high-resolution anatomical data, an approach to visualize simulated myocardial perfusion is presented, taking full advantage of the detailed information on perfusion. Finally, a truly comprehensive visualization of a cardiac MRI exam is explored by combining whole heart, late enhancement, functional, and perfusion scans in a single visualization.\r\n",
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        "authors": [
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        "date_from": "2010-05-21",
        "event": "MedViz seminar",
        "location": "University of Bergen",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-2010-How",
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        "title": "How To Do Research",
        "date": "2010",
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        "type_id": "talk",
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        "title": "Illustrative Visualization",
        "date": "2010",
        "abstract": "Illustrations play a major role in the education process. Whether used to teach a surgical or radiologic procedure, to illustrate normal or aberrant anatomy, or to explain the functioning of a technical device, illustration significantly impacts learning. One of the key concepts for creating an expressive illustration is abstraction. Abstraction introduces a distortion between the visualization and the underlying model according to the communicative intent of the illustration. Inspired by observations from hand-made illustrations, similar techniques for the generation of rendered images have been developed. These techniques work on different levels: low level abstraction techniques (stylized depiction methods) deal with how objects should be presented, while high level abstraction techniques (smart visibility approaches) are concerned with what should be visible and recognizable. We review several existing approaches from both categories and describe concepts used in the design of a system for creating interactive illustrations directly from volumetric data. A fully dynamic three-dimensional illustration environment is discussed which directly operates on volume data. Single images have the aesthetic appeal of traditional illustrations, but can be interactively altered and explored. Furthermore, we discuss several illustrative concepts like style transfer functions, exploded views, semantic layers, and illustration-inspired integrated views. Further information on the presented techniques is available at http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/vis/. ",
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        "date_from": "2010-12-02",
        "event": "IFI colloquium",
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-2010-IVVI",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
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        "title": "Integrated Views in Visualization",
        "date": "2010",
        "abstract": "Data Visualization uses computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of (abstract) data to amplify cognition. In recent years data complexity has increased tremendously. This is for example due to an increase in data size and dimensionality. New imaging modalities generate quite heterogeneous, multi-valued, multi-modal, and time-varying data. Separate views and linked views are approaches to cope with complexity, but are limited, e.g., concerning scalability.\r\nThis talk will concentrate rather on integrated views as inspired by traditional illustrations. The concept of A-space is presented. It is the “space” where visualization algorithms reside. Every visualization algorithm\r\nis a unique point in A-space. Integrated visualizations can be interpreted as an “interpolation” between known algorithms. The void between algorithms can be considered as a visualization opportunity where a new point in A-space can be reconstructed and new integrated visualizations can be created. The talk will discuss several research examples which go beyond data and image fusion and achieve what can be considered algorithm fusion.\r\n",
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        "date_from": "2010-05-20",
        "event": "Institute seminar, Department of Informatics",
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        "title": "Practical Tips and Tricks for Paper Writing (updated 2021)",
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        "title": "BrainGazer - Visual Queries for Neurobiology Research",
        "date": "2009-11",
        "abstract": "Neurobiology investigates how anatomical and physiological relationships in the nervous system mediate behavior. Molecular genetic techniques, applied to species such as the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, have proven to be an important tool in this research. Large databases of transgenic specimens are being built and need to be analyzed to establish models of neural information processing. In this paper we present an approach for the exploration and analysis of neural circuits based on such a database. We have designed and implemented BrainGazer, a system which integrates visualization techniques for volume data acquired through confocal microscopy as well as annotated anatomical structures with an intuitive approach for accessing the available information. We focus on the ability to visually query the data based on semantic as well as spatial relationships. Additionally, we present visualization techniques for the concurrent depiction of neurobiological volume data and geometric objects which aim to reduce visual clutter. The described system is the result of an ongoing interdisciplinary collaboration between neurobiologists and visualization researchers.",
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        "date_to": "2009-10-16",
        "event": "IEEE Visualization 2009",
        "journal": "IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics",
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        "volume": "15",
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        "abstract": "In this paper we describe a novel method to integrate interactive visual analysis and machine learning to support the insight generation of the user. The suggested approach combines the vast search and processing power of the computer with the superior reasoning and pattern recognition capabilities of the human user. An evolutionary search algorithm has been adapted to assist in the fuzzy logic formalization of hypotheses that aim at explaining features inside multivariate, volumetric data. Up to now, users solely rely on their knowledge and expertise when looking for explanatory theories. However, it often remains unclear whether the selected attribute ranges represent the real explanation for the feature of interest. Other selections hidden in the large number of data variables could potentially lead to similar features. Moreover, as simulation complexity grows, users are confronted with huge multidimensional data sets making it almost impossible to find meaningful hypotheses at all. We propose an interactive cycle of knowledge-based analysis and automatic hypothesis generation. Starting from initial hypotheses, created with linking and brushing, the user steers a heuristic search algorithm to look for alternative or related hypotheses. The results are analyzed in information visualization views that are linked to the volume rendering. Individual properties as well as global aggregates are visually presented to provide insight into the most relevant aspects of the generated hypotheses. This novel approach becomes computationally feasible due to a GPU implementation of the time-critical parts in the algorithm. A thorough evaluation of search times and noise sensitivity as well as a case study on data from the automotive domain substantiate the usefulness of the suggested approach.",
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        "title": "Instant Volume Visualization using Maximum Intensity Difference Accumulation",
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        "abstract": "Introduction: The American Heart Association proposed a 17-segment model for the segmentation of the left ventricle together with a mapping from each segment to a supplying coronary artery. This proposal is based on population averages. Several studies have confirmed the inaccuracy of this mapping due to large anatomical variations of the coronary arteries among individuals. Several proposals have been made for a different mapping between the 17 segments and the coronary arteries.\r\n\r\nPurpose: Due to the large variation in coronary anatomy there is a need for a patient-specific assignment of ventricular segments to supplying coronary arteries. We propose to use a segmentation of the coronary arteries and the ventricular epicardium to compute this patient-specific mapping.\r\n\r\nMethods: The three primary coronary arteries (LAD, LCX and RCA) and the left ventricle are segmented in a whole-heart MRI (SSFP) or CT scan of at least 150 slices. For the coronary arteries we employ a semi-automatic vessel tracking algorithm. The left ventricle is segmented using a fully automatic approach. The epicardial surface of the resulting segmentation is represented as a quadrilateral mesh. The centerlines of the coronary arteries are projected on the epicardial surface. A Voronoi diagram of the projected arteries is computed using a geodesic distance metric. The patient-specific coronary supply territories are computed using a modified marching squares algorithm. The examples given here consist of three territories, but our approach is flexible enough to handle any amount of territories.\r\n\r\nBoth the coronary supply territories and the coronary arteries are projected onto a bull’s eye plot using a parameterization of the left ventricle based on cylindrical coordinates, using the cardiac long axis as the primary axis of the cylinder (Figure 1a). The continuous nature of the epicardial surface is preserved in this projection. This means that the bull’s eye plot does not consist of rings representing slices, but that the distance to the center is proportional to the distance to the apex. This bull’s eye plot can for example be used as an overlay for the analysis of viability (Figure 1b).\r\n\r\nFigure 1. (a) Bull’s eye plot showing patient-specific coronary supply territories. The dotted lines represent the 17-segment model. (b) Patient-specific coronary supply territories as an overlay on a bull’s eye plot of a late enhancement scan.\r\n\r\nResults: We evaluated our method on image data from five patients. For each patient we produced both a standard 17-segment diagram and a diagram with the projection of the patient-specific coronary supply territories resulting from our approach. In both diagrams a projection of the segmented coronary arteries was shown. We then asked an experienced clinician to judge the correspondence between the coronary arteries and the suggested coronary supply territories for both diagrams. It was judged that our patient-specific coronary supply territories provide a better correlation with the position of the coronary arteries. The clinician expressed a preference to our method as compared to the standard 17-segment model.\r\n\r\nThe continuous relation between the distance to the center of the bull’s eye plot and the distance to the apex caused some confusion with our clinician. Especially in combination with CMR data consisting of relatively few slices this relation should be clarified.\r\n\r\nConclusion: With our method the relation between coronary arteries and areas supplied by these arteries is better visualized. This will help to better correlate the location of infarcted or ischemic areas to the coronaries that have caused the respective infarction or ischemia.",
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        "title": "Interaction-Dependent Semantics for Illustrative Volume Rendering",
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        "abstract": "In traditional illustration the choice of appropriate styles and rendering techniques is guided by the intention of\nthe artist. For illustrative volume visualizations it is difficult to specify the mapping between the 3D data and the visual representation that preserves the intention of the user. The semantic layers concept establishes this mapping with a linguistic formulation of rules that directly map data features to rendering styles. With semantic layers fuzzy logic is used to evaluate the user defined illustration rules in a preprocessing step.\nIn this paper we introduce interaction-dependent rules that are evaluated for each frame and are therefore computationally more expensive. Enabling interaction-dependent rules, however, allows the use of a new class of semantics, resulting in more expressive interactive illustrations. We show that the evaluation of the fuzzy logic can be done on the graphics hardware enabling the efficient use of interaction-dependent semantics. Further\nwe introduce the flat rendering mode and discuss how different rendering parameters are influenced by the rule\nbase. Our approach provides high quality illustrative volume renderings at interactive frame rates, guided by the\nspecification of illustration rules.",
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        "title": "CoViCAD: Comprehensive Visualization of Coronary Artery Disease",
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        "abstract": "We present novel, comprehensive visualization techniques for the diagnosis of patients with Coronary Artery Disease using segmented cardiac MRI data. We extent an accepted medical visualization technique called the bull’s eye plot by removing discontinuities, preserving the volumetric nature of the left ventricular wall and adding anatomical context. The resulting volumetric bull’s eye plot can be used for the assessment of transmurality. We link these visualizations to a 3D view that presents viability information in a detailed anatomical context. We combine multiple MRI scans (whole heart anatomical data, late enhancement data) and multiple segmentations (polygonal heart model, late enhancement contours, coronary artery tree). By selectively combining different rendering techniques we obtain comprehensive yet intuitive visualizations of the various data sources.",
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        "title": "Style Transfer Functions for Illustrative Volume Rendering",
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        "id": "Kohlmann-2007-EBV",
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        "title": "Evaluation of a Bricked Volume Layout for a Medical Workstation based on Java",
        "date": "2007-01",
        "abstract": "Volumes acquired for medical examination purposes are constantly increasing in size. For this reason, the computer’s memory is the limiting factor for visualizing the data. Bricking is a well-known concept used for rendering large data sets. The volume data is subdivided into smaller blocks to achieve better memory utilization. Until now, the vast majority of medical workstations use a linear volume layout. We implemented a bricked volume layout for such a workstation based on Java as required by our collaborative company partner to evaluate different common access patterns to the volume data. For rendering, we were mainly interested to see how the performance will differ from the traditional linear volume layout if we generate images of arbitrarily\r\noriented slices via Multi-Planar Reformatting (MPR). Furthermore, we tested access patterns which are crucial for segmentation issues like a random access to data values and a simulated region growing. Our goal was to find out if it makes sense to change the volume layout of a medical workstation to benefit from bricking. We were also interested to identify the tasks where\r\nproblems might occur if bricking is applied. Overall, our results show that it is feasible to use a bricked volume layout in the stringent context of a medical workstation implemented in Java.",
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        "id": "groeller-2006-ivt",
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        "title": "Illustrative Visualization Techniques",
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        "event": "Kolloquiumam Inst. f. Informatik",
        "location": "Universität Rostock, Deutschland",
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        "id": "groeller-2007-csu",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Computational Science -- Überblick und eigene Forschungsleistungen",
        "date": "2007",
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        "event": "eingeladener Gastvortrag an der Fakultät für Informatik",
        "location": "Technische Universität Wien",
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    },
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        "title": "Focus+Context in Illustrative Visualization",
        "date": "2007",
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        "date_from": "2007-06-13",
        "event": "Keynote talk at TPCG 07",
        "location": "University of Wales, Bangor, UK",
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        ],
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Medical Visualization: Articular Cartilage Visualization and other Examples",
        "date": "2007",
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        "date_from": "2007-02-23",
        "event": "Bergen Bildebehandlings Gruppe (BBG) Seminar",
        "location": "Dep. of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Norway",
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    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-2007-vis",
        "type_id": "talk",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualization -- I see it my way",
        "date": "2007",
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        "event": "NorVis 2007",
        "location": "University of Bergen, Norway",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2007/groeller-2007-vis/",
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    },
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        "title": "Visualization -- I see it my way II",
        "date": "2007",
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        "event": "Seminar: Scientific Visualization",
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        "id": "groeller-2007-vws",
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        "title": "Visualization with Style",
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        "date_from": "2007-11-02",
        "event": "Distinguished Lecture Series",
        "location": "Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah",
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    {
        "id": "Rautek-2007-O3D",
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        "title": "Caricaturistic Visualization of Deformation Data Based on High Density Point Clouds",
        "date": "2007",
        "abstract": "Modern deformation monitoring techniques offer possibilities to measure and analyze deformation processes in detail. There are various different sensor systems on the market that can be used in these application fields, each having specific features in terms of accuracy, robustness, user interaction, operational range, measurement speed and frequency, resolution, or other relevant parameters. The selection of an appropriate sensor system for a particular application is not trivial.\r\n\r\nIn recent years research on image-based measurement systems and laser scanners has gained increasing interest – in many cases a combination of different sensors has advantages over a single-sensor system (e.g. different accuracy and reliability classes, different measurement range, etc.).\r\n\r\nThe point clouds produced by such systems potentially consist of a vast number of points. One of the main problems concerning the analysis and interpretation of deformation measurements is the visualization of the data respectively of the underlying deformation. In this paper we present the application of the recently developed caricaturistic visualization method to deformation data based on high density point clouds. Caricaturistic visualization depicts the deformation data in an exaggerated way. The exaggeration of the deformation accents subtle deviations and supports the viewer for the correct interpretation of the underlying deformation. We show results for facade deformation data as well as for landslide data.\r\n",
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    {
        "id": "bruckner-2006-ICE",
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        "title": "Illustrative Context-Preserving Exploration of Volume Data",
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        "abstract": "In volume rendering it is very difficult to simultaneously visualize\ninterior and exterior structures while preserving clear shape cues.\nHighly transparent transfer functions produce cluttered images with\nmany overlapping structures, while clipping techniques completely\nremove possibly important context information. In this paper we\npresent a new model for volume rendering, inspired by techniques\nfrom illustration. It provides a means of interactively inspecting\nthe interior of a volumetric data set in a feature-driven way which\nretains context information. The context-preserving volume rendering\nmodel uses a function of shading intensity, gradient magnitude,\ndistance to the eye point, and previously accumulated opacity to\nselectively reduce the opacity in less important data regions. It is\ncontrolled by two user-specified parameters. This new method\nrepresents an alternative to conventional clipping techniques,\nshares their easy and intuitive user control, but does not suffer\nfrom the drawback of missing context information.",
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        "title": "Smart Visibility in Visualization",
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        "abstract": "In this paper we discuss expressive visualization techniques that smartly uncover the most important information\r\nin order to maximize the visual information of the underlying data. This is achieved through dynamic change in visual representations, through deformations, or through changing the spatial position of parts of the data. Such techniques originate from technical illustration and are called cut-away views, ghosted views, and exploded views. These illustrative techniques unveil the most important visual information by a high level of abstraction. The change in visual representation or spatial position is done in a way that is easily perceivable and the overall visual harmony is preserved.",
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        "title": "Abstraction Techniques for Illustrative Visualization",
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        "title": "Diagnostic Relevant Visualization of Vascular Structures ",
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        "abstract": "Traditional volume visualization techniques sometimes provide incomplete clinical\r\ninformation needed for applications in medical visualization. In the area of vascular visualization\r\nimportant features such as the lumen of a diseased vessel segment may not be\r\nvisible. One way to display vascular structures for diagnostic purposes is to generate longitudinal\r\ncross-sections in order to show their lumen, wall, and surrounding tissue in a curved\r\nplane. Curved planar reformation (CPR) has proven to be an acceptable practical solution.\r\nWe discuss four different methods to generate CPR images from single vessel segments: Projected\r\nCPR, stretched CPR, straightened CPR, and helical CPR. Furthermore we investigate\r\nthree different methods for displaying vascular trees: Multi-path projected CPR, multi-path\r\nstretched CPR, and untangled CPR. The principle concept of each method is discussed and\r\ndetailed information for the realization is given. In addition the properties, advantages and\r\ndisadvantages of each method are summarized.",
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        "id": "GRIMM-2004-FDMX-P",
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        "title": "Flexible Direct Multi-Volume Rendering in Interactive Scenes",
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        "abstract": "In this paper we describe methods to efficiently visualize multiple ntersecting volumetric objects. We introduce the concept of V-Objects. V-Objects represent abstract properties of an object connected to a volumetric data source. We present a method to perform direct volume rendering of a scene comprised of an arbitrary number of possibly intersecting V-Objects. The idea of our approach is to distinguish between regions of intersection, which need costly multi-volume processing, and regions containing only one V-Object, which can be processed using a highly efficient brick-wise volume traversal scheme. Using this method, we achieve significant performance gains for multi-volume rendering. We show possible medical applications, such as surgical planning, diagnosis, and education.",
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        "title": "Memory Efficient Acceleration Structures and Techniques for CPU-based Volume Raycasting of Large Data",
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        "title": "Non-linear Model Fitting to Parameterize Diseased Blood Vessels",
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        "title": "Interactive Thickness Visualization of Articular Cartilage",
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        "abstract": "This paper describes a method to visualize the thickness of curved\r\nthin objects. Given the MRI volume data of articular cartilage,\r\nmedical doctors investigate pathological changes of the thickness.\r\nSince the tissue is very thin, it is impossible to reliably map\r\nthe thickness information by direct volume rendering. Our idea is\r\nbased on unfolding of such structures preserving their thickness.\r\nThis allows to perform anisotropic geometrical operations (e.g.,\r\nscaling the thickness). However, flattening of a curved structure\r\nimplies a distortion of its surface. The distortion problem is\r\nalleviated through a focus-and-context minimization approach.\r\nDistortion is smallest close to a focal point which can be\r\ninteractively selected by the user.",
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        "title": "The VesselGlyph: Focus & Context Visualization in CT-Angiography",
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        "abstract": "Reliable and complete blood-vessel segmentation is still a challenging problem. This is especially true in the presence of morphologic changes resulting from atherosclerotic diseases. In this paper we take advantage of partially segmented data with approximately identified vessel centerlines to comprehensively visualize the diseased peripheral arterial tree. We introduce the VesselGlyph as an abstract notation for novel focus & context visualization techniques of tubular structures such as contrast-medium enhanced arteries in CT-Angiography (CT-A). The proposed techniques combine direct volume rendering (DVR) and curved planar reformation (CPR) within a single image. The VesselGlyph consists of several regions where different rendering methods are used. Region type, the used visualization method and region parameters depend on the distance from the vessel centerline and on viewing parameters as well. By selecting proper rendering techniques for different regions, vessels are depicted in a naturally looking and undistorted anatomic context. In this paper we furthermore present a way how to implement the proposed techniques in software and by means of modern 3D graphics accelerators.",
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        "title": "Importance-Driven Volume Rendering",
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        "abstract": "This paper introduces importance-driven volume rendering as a\r\nnovel technique for automatic focus and context display of volumetric\r\ndata. Our technique is a generalization of cut-away views,\r\nwhich – depending on the viewpoint – remove or suppress less important\r\nparts of a scene to reveal more important underlying information.\r\nWe automatize and apply this idea to volumetric data.\r\nEach part of the volumetric data is assigned an object importance\r\nwhich encodes visibility priority. This property determines which\r\nstructures should be readily discernible and which structures are\r\nless important. In those image regions, where an object occludes\r\nmore important structures it is displayed more sparsely than in those\r\nareas where no occlusion occurs. Thus the objects of interest are\r\nclearly visible. For each object several representations, i.e., levels of\r\nsparseness, are specified. The display of an individual object may\r\nincorporate different levels of sparseness. The goal is to emphasize\r\nimportant structures and to maximize the information content in the\r\nfinal image.\r\nThis paper also discusses several possible schemes for level of\r\nsparseness specification and different ways how object importance\r\ncan be composited to determine the final appearance of a particular\r\nobject.",
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    {
        "id": "grimm-2004-volume",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "VOTS: VOlume doTS as a Point-Based Representation of Volumetric Data",
        "date": "2004-09",
        "abstract": "We present Volume dots (Vots), a new primitive for volumetric data modelling, processing, and rendering. Vots\r\nare a point-based representation of volumetric data. An individual Vot is specified by the coefficients of a Taylor\r\nseries expansion, i.e. the function value and higher order derivatives at a specific point. A Vot does not only\r\nrepresent a single sample point, it represents the underlying function within a region. With the Vots representation\r\nwe have a more intuitive and high-level description of the volume data. This allows direct analytical examination\r\nand manipulation of volumetric datasets. Vots enable the representation of the underlying scalar function with\r\nspecified precision. User-centric importance sampling is also possible, i.e., unimportant volume parts are still\r\npresent but represented with just very few Vots. As proof of concept, we show Maximum Intensity Projection based\r\non Vots.",
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        "id": "GRIMM-2004-PPC",
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        "title": "Parallel Peeling of Curvilinear Grids",
        "date": "2004-04",
        "abstract": "In this paper we present a novel hybrid CPU-GPU approach for rendering\r\ncurvilinear grids. Visibility sorting is accomplished by parallel\r\npeeling cells off the grid, utilizing an active cell peeling front. In\r\neach step, we compute the ray-cell intersection coordinates on the\r\nGPU, perform accurate volume integration (CPU), and determine\r\nthe set of active cells for the next iteration (GPU). The approach\r\nrequires only standard graphics capabilities and can therefore be\r\nused on any commodity PC, including laptops. Furthermore, the\r\nmain memory requirements are negligible since the required data\r\nstructures are minimal.\r\nThe main advantage of our algorithm is that we exploit hardware\r\nacceleration for the expensive visibility sorting which is bene-\r\nficial over time due to the faster performance increase of GPUs over\r\nCPUs. Due to the simplicity of the algorithm and its low requirements\r\non preprocessing and main memory, it is well suited for thin\r\nclients. Last but not least, the approach could easily be extended to\r\nirregular grids using tetrahedra.",
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        "id": "LaCruz-2004-NMF",
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        "title": "Non-linear Model Fitting to Parameterize Diseased Blood Vessels",
        "date": "2004-04",
        "abstract": "Accurate estimation of vessel parameters is a prerequisite for automated visualization and analysis of normal and diseased blood vessels. The objective of this research is to estimate the dimensions of lower extremity arteries, imaged by computed tomography (CT).\nThe vessel is modeled using an elliptical or cylindrical structure with specific dimensions, orientation and blood vessel mean density. The model separates two homogeneous regions: Its inner side represents a region of density for vessels, and its outer side a region for background. Taking into account the point spread function (PSF) of a CT scanner, a function is modeled with a Gaussian kernel, in order to smooth the vessel boundary in the model. A new strategy for vessel parameter estimation is presented. It\nstems from vessel model and model parameter optimization by a nonlinear optimization procedure (the Levenberg-Marquardt technique). The method provides center location, diameter and orientation of the vessel as well as blood and background mean density values. The method is tested on synthetic data and real patient data with encouraging results.",
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        "id": "Straka-2004-TVG",
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        "title": "The VesselGlyph: Focus & Context Visualization in CT-Angiography",
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        "abstract": "Reliable and complete blood-vessel segmentation is still a challenging problem. This is especially true in the presence of morphologic changes resulting from atherosclerotic diseases. In this paper we take advantage of partially segmented data with approximately identified vessel centerlines to comprehensively visualize the diseased peripheral arterial tree.\r\nWe introduce the VesselGlyph as an abstract notation for novel focus & context visualization techniques of tubular structures such as contrast-medium enhanced arteries in CT-Angiography (CT-A). The proposed techniques combine direct volume rendering (DVR) and curved planar reformation (CPR) within a single image. The VesselGlyph consists of several regions where different rendering methods are used. Region type, the used visualization method and region parameters depend on the distance from the vessel centerline and on viewing parameters as well. By selecting proper rendering techniques for different regions, vessels are depicted in a naturally looking and undistorted anatomic context.\r\nIn this paper we furthermore present a way how to implement the proposed techniques in software and by means of modern 3D graphics accelerators.",
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    {
        "id": "Viola-2004-GPU",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "GPU-based Frequency Domain Volume Rendering",
        "date": "2004-04",
        "abstract": "Frequency domain volume rendering (FVR) is a volume\r\nrendering technique with lower computational complexity\r\nas compared to other techniques. In this paper\r\nthe FVR algorithm is accelerated by factor of 17\r\nby mapping the rendering stage to the GPU. The overall\r\nhardware-accelerated pipeline is discussed and the\r\nchanges according to previous work are pointed out. The\r\nthree-dimensional transformation into frequency domain\r\nis done in a pre-processing step. The rendering step is\r\ncomputed completely on the GPU. First the projection\r\nslice is extracted. Four different interpolation schemes\r\nare used for resampling the slice from the data represented\r\nby a 3D texture. The extracted slice is transformed\r\nback into the spatial domain using the inverse\r\nFast Fourier or Fast Hartley Transform. The rendering\r\nstage is implemented through shader programs running\r\non programmable graphics hardware achieving highly interactive\r\nframerates.",
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        "note": "second-best paper award!",
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    {
        "id": "alacruzECR2004",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Accuracy of Automated Centerline Approximation Algorithms for Lower Extremity Vessels in CTA Phantom",
        "date": "2004-03",
        "abstract": "Purpose: The accurate determination of the central vessel axis is a prerequisite for automated visualization (curved planar reformation) and quantitation. The purpose of this work was to assess the accuracy of different algorithms for automated centerline detection in a phantom simulating the peripheral arterial tree.\r\nMethods and Material: Six algorithms were used to determine the centerline of a synthetic peripheral arterial vessel (aorto-to-pedal arteries, diameter 18-0.6mm) dataset (256x256x600, voxel size 0.5x0.5x0.5mm). They are ray-casting/thresholding (RCT), ray-casting/maximum gradient (RCMG), block matching (BM), fitting to ellipse (FE), center of gravity (CoG), and Randomized Hough transform (RHT). Gaussian noise whith a sigma: 0, 5 and 10 was used to observe the accuracy of the method under noise influence The accuracy of automatic centerline determination was quantified by measuring the error-distance between the derived centerlines, and the known centerline course of the synthetic dataset.\r\nResults: BM demonstrated unacceptable performance in large vessels (>5mm) when the shift used was less than 3 voxels. RCMG demonstrated a greater error (mean of the error 4.73mm) in large diameter (>15mm) vessels than in small diameter (<15mm) vessels (mean of the error 0.64mm). Because RHT and FE use Canny edge detector preprocessing, both are sensitive to noise. CoG and RCT keep the mean of the error-distance significantly smaller (0.7mm and 0.9mm respectively) than all other algorithms.\r\nConclusion: CoG and RCT algorithms provide the most efficient centerline approximation over a wide range of vessel diameters. ",
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        "booktitle": "European Congres of Radiology",
        "location": "Vienna, Austria",
        "organization": "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna University of Technology",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
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        ],
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    {
        "id": "knapp-2004-semi",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Semi-Automatic Topology Independent Contour-Based 2 1/2 D Segmentation Using Live-Wire",
        "date": "2004-02",
        "abstract": "In general three-dimensional segmentation algorithms assume objects to have connected homogeneous regions.\r\nHowever in some cases objects are defined by a fuzzy boundary surface and consist of an inhomogeneous\r\ninternal structure. In the following a new three-dimensional segmentation technique exploiting the contour\r\ndetection capabilities of live-wire is proposed. The algorithm consists of two basic steps. First contours are\r\noutlined by the user on a small number of planar cross-sections through the object using live-wire. Second the\r\ntraced contours are used for reconstructing the object surface automatically in each slice using live-wire again.\r\nThis user-friendly segmentation algorithm is independent from object topology as the topology is implicitly\r\ndefined during the reconstruction process.",
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        "title": "Advanced Curved Planar Reformation: Flattening of Vascular Structures",
        "date": "2003-05",
        "abstract": "Traditional volume visualization techniques may provide incomplete clinical information needed for many\napplications in medical visualization. Especially in the area of vascular visualization important features\nsuch as the patent lumen of a diseased vessel segment may not be visible. Curved Planar Reformation (CPR)\nhas proven to be an acceptable practical solution. Existing CPR techniques, however, still have diagnostically\nrelevant limitations. In this paper we introduce two advanced methods for efficient vessel visualization,\nbased on the concept of CPR. Both methods benefit from relaxation of spatial coherence in favor of improved\nfeature perception. We present a new technique to visualize the interior of a vessel in a single image. A\nvessel is re-sampled along a spiral around the vessel central axis. The helical spiral depicts the vessel\nvolume. Furthermore, a method to display an entire vascular tree without mutually occluding vessels is\npresented. Minimal rotations around the branching points of a vessel tree eliminate occlusions. For each viewing\n                 direction the entire vessel structure is visible.",
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        "title": "Strategies for Interactive Exploration of 3D Flow Using Evenly-Spaced Illuminated Streamlines",
        "date": "2003-04",
        "abstract": "This paper presents several strategies to\r\ninteractively explore 3D flow. Based on a fast\r\nilluminated streamlines algorithm, standard graphics\r\nhardware is sufficient to gain interactive rendering\r\nrates.  Our approach does not require the user to\r\nhave any prior knowledge of flow features. After the\r\nstreamlines are computed in a short preprocessing\r\ntime, the user can interactively change appearance\r\nand density of the streamlines to further explore the\r\nflow. Most important flow features like velocity or\r\npressure not only can be mapped to all available\r\nstreamline appearance properties like streamline\r\nwidth, material, opacity, but also to streamline\r\ndensity.  To improve spatial perception of the 3D\r\nflow we apply techniques based on animation, depth\r\ncueing, and halos along a streamline if it is crossed\r\nby another streamline in the foreground. Finally, we\r\nmake intense use of focus+context methods like magic\r\nvolumes, region of interest driven streamline\r\nplacing, and spotlights to solve the occlusion\r\n                 problem.",
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        "title": "Semi-Automatic Topology Independent Contour-Based 2 1/2 D Segmentation Using Live-Wire",
        "date": "2003-03",
        "abstract": "In general three-dimensional segmentation algorithms assume\nobjects to have connected homogeneous regions. However in some\ncases objects are defined by a fuzzy boundary surface and consist\nof an inhomogeneous internal structure. In the following a new\nthree-dimensional segmentation technique exploiting the contour\ndetection capabilities of live-wire is proposed: The algorithm\nconsists of two basic steps. First contours are outlined by the\nuser on a small number of planar cross-sections through the object\nusing live-wire. Second the traced contours are used for\nreconstructing the object surface automatically in each slice\nusing live-wire again. This user-friendly segmentation algorithm\nis independent from object topology as the topology is implicitly\n                 defined during the reconstruction process.",
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        "title": "Geometric Modeling for Virtual Colon Unfolding",
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        "title": "Nonlinear Virtual Colon Unfolding",
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        "title": "CT angiography: Multi-path curved planar reformation of the peripheral arterial tree",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "3D Watershed Transform Combined with a Probabilistic Atlas for Medical Image Segmentation",
        "date": "2003",
        "abstract": " Recent advances in medical imaging technology using multiple detector-row computed tomography (CT) provide volumetric datasets with unprecedented spatial resolution. This has allowed for CT to evolve into an excellent non-invasive vascular imaging technology, commonly referred to as CT-angiography. Visualization of vascular structures from CT datasets is demanding, however, and identification of anatomic objects in CT-datasets is highly desirable. Density and/or gradient operators have been used most commonly to classify CT data. In CT angiography, simple density/gradient operators do not allow precise and reliable classification of tissues due to the fact that different tissues (e.g. bones and vessels) possess the same density range and may lie in close spatial vicinity. We hypothesize, that anatomic classification can be achieved more accurately, if both spatial location and density properties of volume data are taken into account. We present a combination of two well-known methods for volume data processing to obtain accurate tissue classification. 3D watershed transform is used to partition the volume data in morphologically consistent blocks and a probabilistic anatomic atlas is used to distinguish between different kinds of tissues based on their density.",
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        "title": "A probabilistic atlas of the lower extremity arterial tree for perpheral CT angiography",
        "date": "2003",
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    {
        "id": "Theussl-2003-Rec",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Reconstruction issues in volume visualization",
        "date": "2003",
        "abstract": null,
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        "publisher": "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
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    {
        "id": "Theussl-2002-RSH",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Reconstruction Schemes for High Quality Raycasting                  of the Body-Centered Cubic Grid",
        "date": "2002-12",
        "abstract": "The body-centered cubic (BCC) grid has received attention\r\nin the volume visualization community recently due to its\r\nability to represent the same data with almost 30\\% fewer\r\nsamples as compared to the Cartesian cubic (CC) grid.\r\nIn this paper we present several resampling strategies for\r\nraycasting BCC grids. These strategies range from 2D\r\ninterpolation in planes to piece-wise linear (barycentric)\r\ninterpolation in a tetrahedral decomposition of the grid\r\nto trilinear and sheared trilinear interpolation.  We compare\r\nthem to raycasting with comparable resampling techniques in the\r\ncommonly used CC grid in terms of computational complexity and\r\n                 visual quality.",
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    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2002-SBICG",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Smooth Shape-Based Interpolation using the Conjugate Gradient Method",
        "date": "2002-08",
        "abstract": "In this paper a novel technique for smooth shape-based interpolation of volume data\r\nis introduced.\r\nPreviously simple linear interpolation of signed\r\ndistance maps has been used in practice. As it will be shown, this approach\r\nresults in artifacts, since sharp edges appear along the original slices.\r\nIn order to obtain a smooth 3D implicit function generated\r\nby interpolating 2D distance maps, we use a global interpolation method instead of a\r\nhigher order local technique. The global curvature of the implicit function representing\r\nan isosurface is minimized using an iterative conjugate gradient method.\r\nBecause of the iterative approach the user can easily control the trade-off between\r\nthe smoothness of the isosurface and the computational cost of the refinement.\r\nAs opposed to previous techniques, like variational interpolation, our method can\r\ngenerate a reasonably good approximation of the ideal solution in a significantly\r\n                  shorter time.",
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    {
        "id": "Wallisch-2002-INF",
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        "title": "Information Highlighting by Color Dependent Depth Perception with Chromo-Stereoscopy",
        "date": "2002-07",
        "abstract": "Due to characteristics of the human visual system different colors induce different\ndepth perception. This chromo-stereoscopy has been already used for 3D data to enhance\na third spatial dimension. We propose to use chromo-stereoscopy for 2D abstract data.\nColor coding introduces a depth cue which encodes relevance with chromo-stereoscopy.\nThe focus information literally stands out as compared to the context information.\nWe applied this technique on two-dimensional graphs and multi-layer representations.\n                 Our approach can also be easily combined with other focus+context methods.",
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        "title": "Feature-Preserving Volume Filtering",
        "date": "2002-05",
        "abstract": "In this paper a feature-preserving volume filtering method is presented. The basic idea is to minimize a three-component global error function penalizing the density and gradient errors and the curvature of the unknown filtered function. The optimization problem leads to a large linear equation system defined by a sparse coefficient matrix. We will show that such an equation system can be efficiently solved in frequency domain using fast Fourier transformation (FFT). For the sake of clarity, first we illustrate our method on a 2D example which is a dedithering problem. Afterwards the 3D extension is discussed in detail since we propose our method mainly for volume filtering. We will show that the 3D version can be efficiently used for elimination of the typical staircase artifacts of direct volume rendering without losing fine details. Unlike local filtering techniques, our novel approach ensures a global smoothing effect. Previous global 3D methods are restricted to binary volumes or segmented iso-surfaces and they are based on area minimization of one single reconstructed surface. In contrast, our method is a general volume-filtering technique, implicitly smoothing all the iso-surfaces at the same time. Although the strength of the presented algorithm is demonstrated on a specific 2D and a specific 3D application, it is considered as a general mathematical tool for processing images and volumes.",
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    {
        "id": "kanitsar-2002-Chr",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Christmas Tree Case Study: Computed Tomography as a Tool for Mastering Complex Real World Objects with Applications in Computer Graphics",
        "date": "2002-03",
        "abstract": "We report on using computed tomography (CT) as a model acquisition\ntool for complex objects in computer graphics. Unlike other modeling\nand scanning techniques the complexity of the object is irrelevant in\nCT, which naturally enables to model objects with, for example,\nconcavities, holes, twists or fine surface details. Once the data is\nscanned, one can apply post-processing techniques aimed at its further\nenhancement, modification or presentation. For demonstration purposes\nwe chose to scan a Christmas tree which exhibits high complexity which\nis difficult or even impossible to handle with other\ntechniques. However, care has to be taken to achieve good scanning\nresults with CT. Further, we illustrate the post-processing by means\nof data segmentation and photorealistic as well as non-photorealistic\n\t\t surface and volume rendering techniques.",
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        "number": "TR-186-2-02-07",
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        "id": "kanitsar-2002-CPRX",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "CPR - Curved Planar Reformation",
        "date": "2002-03",
        "abstract": "Visualization of tubular structures such as blood vessels is an\nimportant topic in medical imaging. One way to display tubular\nstructures for diagnostic purposes is to generate longitudinal\ncross-sections in order to show their lumen, wall, and surrounding\ntissue in a curved plane. This process is called Curved Planar\nReformation (CPR). We present three different methods to generate\nCPR images. A tube-phantom was scanned with Computed Tomography (CT)\nto illustrate the properties of the different CPR methods. Furthermore\nwe introduce enhancements to these methods: thick-CPR, rotating-CPR\n  \t\t and multi-path-CPR.",
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        "number": "TR-186-2-02-06",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
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        "keywords": [
            "curved planar reformation",
            "vessel analysis",
            "computed tomography angiography"
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        "id": "Hauser-2002-SSI",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Smart surface interrogation for advanced visualization techniques",
        "date": "2002-01",
        "abstract": "Highly elaborated visualization techniques that are\nbased on surfaces often are independent from the\norigin of the surface data. Nevertheless, most of the\nrecently presented advanced visualization methods\nwere developed for a specific type of surface\nalthough principally applicable to generic\nsurfaces. In this paper we discuss a unified surface\ninterrogation model which provides generic access to\nsurface properties up to degree two, i.e., surface\npoint locations, normals, and curvature properties,\n(almost) regardless of the origin of the\nsurface. Surface types and interrogation algorithms\nare compared and summarized. At the end of this paper\nwe present an object-oriented implementation of this\n\t\t model, called SMURF.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "surface properties",
            "surfaces",
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        "id": "Bartroli-2002-Pro",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Projected Slabs: Approximation of Perspective projection and Error Analysis",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": "",
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            166
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        "journal": "Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation",
        "number": "5",
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        "pages_to": "262",
        "volume": "12",
        "research_areas": [],
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    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2002-Smo",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Smooth Shape-Based Interpolation using the Conjugate Gradient Method",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": "",
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            162,
            166
        ],
        "booktitle": "Vision, Modeling, and Visualization 2002",
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            233
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        "publisher": "Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Aka GmbH, Berlin",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-2002-anw",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Anwendungsbeispiele medizinischer Visualisierung",
        "date": "2002",
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        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
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        "authors": [
            166
        ],
        "date_from": "2002-10-10",
        "event": "Fachbereich Informatik",
        "location": "Univ. Kaiserslautern, Deutschland",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/groeller-2002-anw/",
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-2002-Ins",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Insight into Data through Visualization",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": null,
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        "main_image": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "booktitle": "Graph Drawing 2002",
        "pages_from": "352",
        "pages_to": "366",
        "publisher": "Springer",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/Groeller-2002-Ins/",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-2002-med",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Medical Visualization: CT Angiography and other Examples",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "date_from": "2002-11-27",
        "event": "Philipps Medical Systems",
        "location": "Eindhoven, Netherlands",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/groeller-2002-med/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-2002-wiss",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Wissenschaftliche Visualisierung in der Medizin",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            166
        ],
        "date_from": "2002-11-25",
        "location": "Universität Bonn, Deutschland",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/groeller-2002-wiss/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2002-Exp",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Exploiting the Hessian matrix for content-based retrieval of volume-data features",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "volume": "18",
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    {
        "id": "hladuvka-2002-exploiting",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Exploiting the Hessian matrix for content -based retrieval of volume-data features",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "journal": "Visual Computer",
        "number": "18",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/hladuvka-2002-exploiting/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2002-Sma",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Smallest second-order derivatives for efficient volume-data representation",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        ],
        "journal": "Computers & Graphics",
        "number": "2",
        "pages_from": "229",
        "pages_to": "238",
        "volume": "26",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/Hladuvka-2002-Sma/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Kanitsar-2002-CPR",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "CPR- Curved Planar Reformation",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            162,
            164,
            165,
            189,
            166
        ],
        "booktitle": "IEEE Visualization 2002",
        "lecturer": [
            162
        ],
        "publisher": "IEEE Computer Society Press",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/Kanitsar-2002-CPR/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Matkovic-2002-Pro",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Process Visualization with Levels of Detail",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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            176,
            453,
            166
        ],
        "booktitle": "IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization 2002",
        "pages_from": "67",
        "pages_to": "70",
        "publisher": "IEEE Computer Society Press",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/Matkovic-2002-Pro/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Wagner-2002-End",
        "type_id": "journalpaper",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Endo View: A Phantom Study of a Tracked Virtual Bronchoscopy",
        "date": "2002",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "journal": "Journal of WSCG",
        "number": "2",
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        "pages_to": "498",
        "volume": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/Wagner-2002-End/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-2001-IDV",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Insight into Data Through Visualization",
        "date": "2001-10",
        "abstract": "Computer graphics, scientific visualization, information visualization, and graph drawing are areas which deal with visual\ninformation layout. They all use the remarkable properties of\nthe human visual perception to rapidly absorb and analyse visual\ninformation. The paper discusses important visualization aspects\nand gives examples of how visualization techniques facilitate\ninsight into data characteristics. The connection between\n                 visualization and graph drawing is shortly discussed.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-01-20",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "15",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
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            "visualization",
            "computer graphics"
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    {
        "id": "Theussl-2001-RIV",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Reconstruction Issues in Volume Visualization",
        "date": "2001-06",
        "abstract": "Although volume visualization has already grown out of its infancy,\nthe most commonly used reconstruction techniques are still trilinear\ninterpolation for function reconstruction and central differences\n(most often in conjunction with trilinear interpolation) for\ngradient reconstruction. Nevertheless, quite some research in the\nlast few years was devoted to improve this situation. This paper\nsurveys the more important methods, emphasizing selected work in\nfunction and gradient reconstruction, and gives an overview over the\nrather new development of exploiting curvature properties for volume\n                 visualization purposes.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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            196,
            187,
            166
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        "number": "TR-186-2-01-14",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "7",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Taylor series expansion",
            "frequency response",
            "windowing",
            "ideal reconstruction"
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        "weblinks": [],
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    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2001-DDI",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Direction-Driven Shape-Based Interpolation of Volume Data",
        "date": "2001-05",
        "abstract": "We present a novel approach to shape-based interpolation of\ngray-level volume data. In contrast to the segmentation-based\ntechniques our method directly processes the scalar volume\nrequiring no user interaction. The key idea is to perform the\ninterpolation in the directions given by analysis of the\neigensystem of the structure tensor. Our method processes a 256\nx 256 slice within a couple of seconds yielding satisfactory\nresults. We give a quantitative and a visual comparison to the\nlinear inter-slice interpolation. Analysis of the results lead\nus to the conclusion that our technique has a strong potential\nto compete with well-established shape-based interpolation\n                algorithms.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "number": "TR-186-2-01-12",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "9",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Eigensystem",
            "Structure Tensor",
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    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2001-NPVR",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Visualization of Object Contours by Non-Photorealistic Volume Rendering",
        "date": "2001-04",
        "abstract": "In this paper we present a fast visualization technique for\nvolumetric data, which is based on a recent non-photorealistic\nrendering technique.  Our new approach enables alternative\ninsights into 3D data sets (compared to traditional approaches\nsuch as direct volume rendering or iso-surface rendering).\nObject contours, which usually are characterized by locally high\ngradient values, are visualized regardless of their density values.\nCumbersome tuning of transfer functions, as usually needed for setting\nup DVR views is avoided.  Instead, a small number of parameters is available to adjust the non-photorealistic display.\nBased on the magnitude of local gradient information as well as on\nthe angle between viewing direction and gradient vector, data values\nare mapped to visual properties (color, opacity), which then are\ncombined to form the rendered image (MIP is proposed as the default\ncompositing stragtegy here).  Due to the fast implementation of this\nalternative rendering approach, it is possible to interactively\ninvestigate the 3D data, and quickly learn about internal structures.\nSeveral further extensions of our new approach, such as level lines\n                  are also presented in this paper.",
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        "number": "TR-186-2-01-09",
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        "keywords": [
            "shear-warp projection",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Theussl-2001-ORS",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Optimal Regular Volume Sampling",
        "date": "2001-04",
        "abstract": "The classification of volumetric data sets as well as their\nrendering algorithms are typically based on the representation of the\nunderlying grid. Grid structures based on a Cartesian lattice are\nthe de-facto standard for regular representations of volumetric\ndata. In this paper we introduce a more general concept of regular\ngrids for the representation of volumetric data. We demonstrate that\na specific type of regular lattice - the so-called\nbody-centered cubic - is able to represent the same data set\nas a Cartesian grid to the same accuracy but with 29.3% less\nsamples. This speeds up traditional volume\nrendering algorithms by the same ratio, which we demonstrate by\nadopting a splatting implementation for these new lattices.\nWe investigate different filtering methods required for computing\nthe normals on this lattice. The lattice representation results also\nin lossless compression ratios that are better\nthan previously reported.\nAlthough other regular grid structures achieve the same sample\nefficiency, the body-centered cubic is particularly easy to use. The\nonly assumption necessary is that the underlying volume is isotropic\nand band-limited - an assumption that is valid for most practical\n                 data sets.",
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        "number": "TR-186-2-01-10",
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        "keywords": [
            "body centered cubic",
            "hexagonal sampling",
            "close packing",
            "Cartesian grid",
            "volume data"
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        "id": "Vilanova-2001-VCU",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Virtual Colon Unfolding",
        "date": "2001-04",
        "abstract": "The majority of virtual endoscopy  techniques tries to simulate a\nreal endoscopy. A real endoscopy does not always give the optimal\ninformation due to the physical limitations it is subject to. In\nthis paper, we deal with the unfolding of the surface of the colon\nas a possible visualization technique for diagnosis and polyp\ndetection. A new two-step technique is presented which deals with\nthe problems of double appearance of polyps and nonuniform\nsampling that other colon unfolding techniques suffer from. In the\nfirst step, a distance map from a central path induces nonlinear\nrays for unambiguous parameterization of the surface. The second\nstep compensates for locally varying distortions of the unfolded\nsurface. A technique similar to magnification fields in\ninformation visualization is hereby applied. The technique\n                 produces a single view of a complete virtually dissected colon.",
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            166
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        "keywords": [
            "Virtual Endoscopy",
            "Volume Rendering"
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        "id": "Kanitsar-2001-PVI",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Peripheral Vessel Investigation For Routine Clinical Use",
        "date": "2001-03",
        "abstract": "This paper is about computed tomography angiography based vessel exploration.\nLarge image sequences of the lower extremities are investigated in a clinical\nenvironment. Two different approaches for peripheral vessel diagnosis dealing\nwith stenosis and calcification detection are introduced. The paper presents an\nautomated vessel-tracking tool for curved planar reformation. A user interactive\n                segmentation tool for bone removal is proposed.",
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            189,
            164,
            370,
            166
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        "number": "TR-186-2-01-13",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "5",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "optimal path computation",
            "semi automated segmentation",
            "CTA"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
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        "id": "a-2001-ah",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "<a href=\"http://www.vrvis.at/vis/research/hq-hw-reco/\">Hardware Accelerated High-Quality Reconstruction of Volumetric Data on PC Consumer Hardware</a>",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
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        "authors": [
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            226
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of <a href=\"http://wwwvis.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/vmv01/\">Vision, Modeling, and Visualization 2001, November 2001</a>, Stuttgart, Germany, pp. 105-112",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/a-2001-ah/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "a-2001-ahr",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "<a href=\"http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/vis/VolVis/BccGrids/\">Optimal Regular Volume Sampling</a>",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "authors": [
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        "research_areas": [],
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    },
    {
        "id": "a-2001-Rec",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Reconstruction Issues in Volume Visualization",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "note": "Proceedings of Dagstuhl Seminar on Scientific Visualization, 2000",
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    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2001-Fas",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Visualization of Object Contours by Non-Photorealistic Volume Rendering",
        "date": "2001",
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        "note": "Proceedings of Eurographics 2001, 4-7 September 2001, Manchester, United Kingdom",
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    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2001-Int",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive Volume Rendering based on a \"Bubble Model\"",
        "date": "2001",
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        "note": "Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2001, June 7th-9th, 2001, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2001-Dir",
        "type_id": "misc",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Direction-Driven Shape-Based Interpolation of Volume Data",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "authors": [
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        "note": "Proceedings of <a href=\"http://wwwvis.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/vmv01/\">Vision, Modeling and Visualization 2001, November 2001</a>, Stuttgart, Germany, pages 113-120,521",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Hladuvka-2001-Dir/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2001-Exp",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Exploiting Eigenvalues of the Hessian Matrix for Volume Decimation",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "authors": [
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        "note": "In conference proceedings of the 9th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision 2001, WSCG'2001, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, Vaclav Skala (ed.), February 2001, vol. 1, pp. 124-129",
        "research_areas": [],
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    },
    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2001-Sal",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Salient Representation of Volume Data",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
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            187
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of VisSym'01, Joint Eurographics - IEEE TCVG Symposium on Visualization, May 28 - May 30, 2001, Ascona, Switzerland, pages 203-211,351",
        "research_areas": [],
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    },
    {
        "id": "Kanitsar-2001-Aut",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Automated Vessel Detection at Lower Extremity Multislice CTA",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "note": "European Congress of Radiology 2001 (ECR 2001), March 2-6 2001, Vienna",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Kanitsar-2001-Aut/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Kanitsar-2001-Per",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Peripheral Vessel Investigation for Routine Clinical Use",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "note": "Proceedings of <a href=\"http://vis.computer.org/vis01/index.html\">IEEE Visualization 2001</a>, October 2001, San Diego, USA, pp. 91-98 <br><a href=\"http://vis.computer.org/vis01/index.html\"></a> ",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Kanitsar-2001-Per/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Kanitsar-2001-Pos",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Postprocessing and Visualization of Peripheral CTA Data in Clinical Environments",
        "date": "2001",
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        "authors": [
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        "note": "Central European Seminar on Computer Graphics (CESCG'2001), Budmerice, Slovakia, April 23-25, 2001",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Kanitsar-2001-Pos/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Koenig-2001-Mas",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Mastering Transfer Function Specification by Using VolumePro Technology",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "main_image": null,
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of the 17th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics (SCCG'01), Budmerice, Slovakia, IEEE, April 2001, pp. 279-286, ISBN 0-7695-1215-1",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Koenig-2001-Mas/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Vilanova-2001-Non",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Nonlinear Virtual Colon Unfolding",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
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            197,
            459
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        "note": "Proceedings of <a href=\"http://vis.computer.org/vis01/index.html\">IEEE Visualization 2001</a>, October 2001, San Diego, USA, pp. 91-98",
        "research_areas": [],
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    },
    {
        "id": "Vilanova-2001-Per",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Perspective Projection through Parallel Projected Slabs for Virtual Endoscopy",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            165,
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            197,
            459
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of the 17th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics (SCCG'01), Budmerice, Slovakia, IEEE, April 25th-28th, 2001, pp. 287-295, ISBN 0-7695-1215-1",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Vilanova-2001-Per/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Vilanova-2001-Vir",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Virtual Colon Flattening",
        "date": "2001",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            165,
            166,
            197,
            340,
            459
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of VisSym'01, Joint Eurographics - IEEE TCVG Symposium on Visualization, May 28 - May 30, pages 127-136 2001, Ascona, Switzerland",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "weblinks": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Vilanova-2001-Vir/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Vilanova-2000-VCF",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Virtual Colon Flattening",
        "date": "2000-12",
        "abstract": "We present a new method to visualize virtual endoscopic\nviews. We\npropose to flatten the organ by the direct projection of the\nsurface onto a set of cylinders. Two sampling strategies are\npresented and the introduced  distortions are studied. A\nnon-photorealistic technique is presented to enhance the\nperception of the images. Finally, an approximate but real-time\nendoscopic fly-through is possible by using the data obtained by\n                 the projection technique.",
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        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
            459,
            165,
            197,
            166,
            340
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-25",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "13",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Colon Flattening",
            "Volume Rendering",
            "Virtual Colonoscopy"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
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    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2000-IVRBM",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive Volume Rendering based on a ''Bubble Model''",
        "date": "2000-12",
        "abstract": "In this paper an interactive volume rendering technique is presented\nwhich is based on a novel visualization model. We call the basic method\n``bubble model'' since iso-surfaces are rendered as thin\nsemi-transparent membranes similarly to blown soap bubbles. The\nprimary goal is to develop a fast previewing technique for volumetric data\nwhich does not require a time consuming transfer function\nspecification to visualize internal structures.\nOur approach uses a very simple rendering model controlled by only\ntwo parameters. We also present an interactive rotation technique\nwhich does not rely on any specialized hardware, therefore it can be\nwidely used even on low-end machines. Due to the interactive display,\nfine tuning is also supported since the modification of the rendering\n                  parameters has an immediate visual feedback.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "authors": [
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            166
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        "number": "TR-186-2-00-23",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "11",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Shear-Warp Factorization.",
            "Previewing",
            "Direct Volume Rendering"
        ],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Csebfalvi-2000-IVRBM/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2000-Exp",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Salient Representation of Volume Data",
        "date": "2000-12",
        "abstract": "We introduce a novel approach for identification of objects of\ninterest in volume data. Our approach tries to convey the\ninformation contained in two essentially different concepts, the\nobject's boundaries and the narrow solid structures, in an easy\nand uniform way. The second order derivative operators in\ndirections reaching minimal response are involved for this task.\nTo show the superior performance of our method, we provide a\ncomparison to its main competitor -- surface extraction from\nareas of maximal gradient magnitude. We show that our approach\nprovides the possibility to represent volume data by its subset\n                of a nominal size.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            187,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-26",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Gradient vector",
            "Hessian matrix",
            "Feature Extraction",
            "Sufrace Extraction",
            "Volume Rendering"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hladuvka-2000-Exp/Hladuvka-2000-Exp-paper.gz",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hladuvka-2000-Exp/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Tsoi-2000-Ada",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Adaptive Visualization over the Internet",
        "date": "2000-11",
        "abstract": "This report gives an account to our work in adaptive visualization over the Internet ressearch. In this report we present our prototypes of adaptive visualization systems and an agent-based visualization model for network applications. We proposed a intelligent agent system for adaptively dispatch of visualization processes between a cluster of computers based on the changing network transmission bandwidth and processing prower. We also discuss the scientific contributions of our work to the current research in Interne-based visualization system design.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            376,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-21",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "21",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "code mobility",
            "adaptive visualization",
            "Internet",
            "visualizaion",
            "agents"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
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                "name": "Tsoi-2000-Ada-paper.pdf",
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                "size": 318734,
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                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Tsoi-2000-Ada/Tsoi-2000-Ada-paper.pdf",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Tsoi-2000-Ada/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2000-ExpX",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Exploiting Eigenvalues of the Hessian Matrix for Volume Decimation",
        "date": "2000-10",
        "abstract": "In recent years the Hessian matrix and its eigenvalues became\nimportant in pattern recognition. Several algorithms based on the\ninformation they provide have been introduced. We recall the\nrelationship between the eigenvalues of Hessian matrix and the 2nd\norder edge detection filter, show the usefulness of treating them\nseparately  and exploit these facts to design a combined threshold\n                 operation to generate sparse data sets.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            187,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-19",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "7",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Laplacian filter",
            "Eigenvalues",
            "Hessian matrix",
            "Sparse data",
            "Volume Rendering"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 532738,
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hladuvka-2000-ExpX/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hauser-2000-Tho",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Thorough Insights by Enhanced Visualization of Flow Topology",
        "date": "2000-08",
        "abstract": "The investigation of flow data can be eased by the\nvisualization of topological information about the flow.  Especially, when\nempirical models or numerical results from flow simulation are\ninvestigated, often the first step of analysis is to search\nstructural elements, like fixed points, separatrices, etc.\nThe work presented in this paper focuses on the visualization\nof 3D dynamical systems (comparable to flow data)\non the basis of results which are\nobtained by automatic analysis of the flow topology.\nFixed points are determined\nand the Jacobian matrix of the flow is investigated at these points\nof phase space to obtain the associated stable and/or unstable\ninvariant sets.  Furthermore, this paper presents how Poincare maps\nare used to visualize structural information about cyclic flow\ndata together with direct visualization cues like stream lines\n  or stream surfaces.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            176,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-17",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            ""
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 2339769,
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hauser-2000-Tho/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hauser-2000-TwoX",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Two-level volume rendering - fusing MIP and DVR",
        "date": "2000-04",
        "abstract": "In this paper we present a two-level approach for\nfusing direct\nvolume rendering (DVR) and maximum-intensity projection (MIP)\nwithin a joint rendering method.\nDifferent structures within the data-set are rendered locally by\neither MIP or DVR on an object-by-object basis.  Globally all the\nresults of subsequent object renderings are combined in a merging step\n(usually compositing in our case).  This allows to selectively\nchoose the most\nsuitable technique for depicting each object\nwithin the data, while keeping the amount of information contained in\nthe image at a reasonable level.\nThis is especially useful when inner\nstructures should be visualized together with semi-transparent outer\nparts, similar to the focus-and-context approach known\nfrom information visualization. We also present an implementation of our\n\napproach, which allows to explore volumetric data using\ntwo-level rendering at interactive frame rates.\n",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            176,
            184,
            385,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-11",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "dynamical systems",
            "interactive visualization",
            "maximum intensity projection",
            "direct volume rendering"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 4077931,
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                "thumb_image_sizes": []
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        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hauser-2000-TwoX/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-2000-MasX",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Mastering Interactive Surface Rendering for Java-Based\nDiagnostic Applications",
        "date": "2000-04",
        "abstract": "The display of iso-surfaces in medical data sets is an\nimportant visualization\ntechnique used by radiologists for the diagnosis of volumetric density\ndata sets.  The demands put by  radiologists on such a display\ntechnique are interactivity, multiple stacked transparent surfaces and\ncutting planes that allow an interactive clipping of the\nsurfaces. This paper presents a Java based, platform independent\nimplementation of a very fast surface rendering algorithm which\ncombines the advantages of explicit surface representation, splatting,\nand\nshear-warp projection to fulfill all these requirements. The algorithm\nis\nimplemented within the context of J-Vision, an application for viewing\nand\ndiagnosing medical images which is currently in use at various\nhospitals.\n",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            184,
            165,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-10",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "4",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "medical applications",
            "surface rendering",
            "volume visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "name": "Mroz-2000-MasX-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 434839,
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Mroz-2000-MasX/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Theussl-2000-MWI",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Mastering Windows: Improving Reconstruction",
        "date": "2000-04",
        "abstract": "Ideal reconstruction filters, for function or arbitrary\nderivative\nreconstruction, have to be bounded in order to be\npracticable since they are infinite in their spatial extent. This can\nbe accomplished by multiplying them with windowing functions. In this\npaper we discuss and assess the quality of commonly used windows and\nshow that most of them are unsatisfactory in terms of numerical\naccuracy. The best performing windows are Blackman, Kaiser and\nGaussian windows. The latter two are particularly useful since both\nhave a parameter to control their shape, which, on the other hand,\nrequires to find appropriate values for these parameters. We show how\nto derive optimal parameter values for Kaiser and Gaussian windows\nusing a Taylor series expansion of the convolution sum. Optimal values\nfor function and first derivative reconstruction for window widths of\n                 two, three, four and five are presented explicitly.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            175,
            176,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-08",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "9",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Taylor series expansion",
            "frequency response",
            "windowing",
            "ideal reconstruction"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Theussl-2000-MWI/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Wegenkitt-2000-MIV",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Mastering Interactive Virtual Bronchioscopy on a Low--End PC",
        "date": "2000-03",
        "abstract": "Virtual endoscopy presents the cross-sectional acquired 3D-data of\na computer tomograph as an endoluminal view. The common approach\nfor the visualization of a virtual endoscopy is surface rendering,\nyielding images close to a real endoscopy. If external structures\nare of interest, volume rendering techniques have to be used.\nThese methods do not display the exact shape of the inner lumen\nvery well. For certain applications, e.g. operation planning of a\ntrans-bronchial biopsy, both, the shape of the inner lumen as well\nas outer structures like blood vessels and the tumor have to be\ndelineated. In this paper a method is described, that allows a\nquick and easy hybrid visualization using overlays of different\nvisualization methods like different surfaces or volume renderings\nwith different transfer functions in real time on a low-end PC. To\nachieve real time frame rates, image based rendering techniques\n                have been used.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            459,
            381,
            382,
            383,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-13",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "5",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization system",
            "virtual endoscopy",
            "medical visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/x-zip",
                "size": 4902482,
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                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Wegenkitt-2000-MIV/Wegenkitt-2000-MIV-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Wegenkitt-2000-MIV/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Koenig-2000-ATFS",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Mastering Transfer Function Specification by using\nVolumePro Technology",
        "date": "2000-03",
        "abstract": "A new user-interface paradigm for the specification of\ntransfer functions is presented. The specification is usually a\ndifficult task as mapping information for a number of different domains\n(data range, color, opacity, etc.) has to be defined.\nIn the presented approach, the definition of the mapping information can\nbe realized independently for each property domain. A\nset of specification tools is provided for each domain, enabling users\nwith different levels of experience or demanding\ntime restrictions to choose an appropriate approach for their needs.\nReal-time feedback during the manipulation of parameters\nhas been proven to be crucial to the specification. An interactive\ndirect-volume-rendering display is realized by utilizing dedicated\nhardware acceleration.\n",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-07",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "7",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "VolumePro ray-casting system",
            "Transfer Function Specification",
            "Volume Visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
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                "access": "public",
                "name": "Koenig-2000-ATFS-paper.pdf",
                "type": "application/pdf",
                "size": 3573189,
                "path": "Publication:Koenig-2000-ATFS",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Koenig-2000-ATFS/Koenig-2000-ATFS-paper.pdf",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Koenig-2000-ATFS/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2000-GELR",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Gradient Estimation in Volume Data using 4D Linear Regression",
        "date": "2000-02",
        "abstract": "In this paper a new gradient estimation method is\npresented which is based on linear regression. Previous contextual\nshading techniques try to fit an approximate function to a set of surface\npoints in the neighborhood of a given voxel. Therefore, a system\nof linear equations has to be solved using the computationally\nexpensive Gaussian elimination. In contrast, our method\napproximates the density function itself in a local neighborhood with a 3D\nregression hyperplane.   This approach also leads to a system of linear\nequations but we will show that it can be solved with an efficient convolution.\nOur method provides at each voxel location the normal vector and\nthe translation of the regression hyperplane which are considered as a\ngradient and a filtered density value respectively. Therefore, this\ntechnique can be used for surface smoothing and gradient estimation at\nthe same time. ",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            177,
            233,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-03",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "11",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Linear Regression.",
            "Gradient Estimation",
            "Volume Rendering"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 654844,
                "path": "Publication:Csebfalvi-2000-GELR",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Csebfalvi-2000-GELR/Csebfalvi-2000-GELR-paper.gz",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Csebfalvi-2000-GELR/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Vilanova-2000-CAT",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Cylindrical Approximation of Tubular Organs for Virtual Endoscopy",
        "date": "2000-02",
        "abstract": "Virtual endoscopy is a promising medical application of volume visualization techniques. A virtual endoscopy system requires high\nquality and perspective projection rendering, as well as real-time navigation. In this paper the generation of a cylindrical\nstructure for tubular shaped organs (i.e. colon, aorta) is presented. This structure represents an approximation of the real\norgan. The cylindrical structure will be used to accelerate high quality volume rendering.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            459,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-00-02",
        "pages_from": "",
        "pages_to": "",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            ""
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Vilanova-2000-CAT-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/x-zip",
                "size": 1181511,
                "path": "Publication:Vilanova-2000-CAT",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Vilanova-2000-CAT/Vilanova-2000-CAT-paper.gz",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Vilanova-2000-CAT/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Wegenkittl-2000-Mas",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Mastering Interactive Virtual Bronchioscopy on a Low-End PC",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            95,
            165,
            166,
            381,
            382,
            459
        ],
        "note": "IEEE Visualization 2000 Proceedings, 2000, pp. 461-464",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Wegenkittl-2000-Mas/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Vilanova-2000-Cyl",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Cylindrical Approximation of Tubular Organs for Virtual Endoscopy",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            197,
            459
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of Computer Graphics and Imaging 2000, IASTED/ACTA Press, 2000, pp. 283-289",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Vilanova-2000-Cyl/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Berger-2000-Col",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Color-Table Animation of Fast Oriented Line Integral Convolution for Vector Field Visualization",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            67,
            166
        ],
        "note": "N. M. Thalmann, V. Skala (eds.), Proceedings of WSCG'2000, the 8-th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Interactive Digital Media'2000, February 7-10, 2000, Plzen, Czech Republic, Vol. 1, pp. 4-11",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Berger-2000-Col/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2000-Fas",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Surface Rendering of Volumetric Data",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            197,
            233
        ],
        "note": "N.M.Thalmann, V. Skala (eds.), Proceedings of WSCG'2000, the 8-th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Interactive Digital Media'2000, February 7-11, 2000, Plzen, Czech Republic, Short communication papers, pp. 9-16",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Csebfalvi-2000-Fas/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-2000-Gra",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Gradient Estimation in Volume Data using 4D Linear Regression",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            177,
            197,
            233
        ],
        "note": "Eurographics 2000, Interlaken, Switzerland",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Csebfalvi-2000-Gra/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-2000-Vis",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualization of Analytically Defined Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            166,
            399
        ],
        "note": "In H. Hagen, G.M. Nielson, F. Post (eds.), Proceedings Dagstuhl'97, Scientific Visualization, IEEE Computer Society, 2000, pp. 71-82",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Groeller-2000-Vis/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hauser-2000-Two",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Two-level volume rendereing - fusing MIP and DVR",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            176,
            184,
            385
        ],
        "note": "IEEE Visualization 2000 Proceedings, 2000, pp. 211-218. Revised version will be published in IEEE Transactions on Computer Graphics and Visualization",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hauser-2000-Two/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hladuvka-2000-Cur",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Curvature-Based Transfer Functions for Direct Volume Rendering",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            187,
            197
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of Spring Conference on Computer Graphics and its Applications 2000 (SCCG 2000), Budmerice, Slovakia, May 3rd-6th, 2000, pp. 58-65",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Hladuvka-2000-Cur/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Knoll-2000-AJi",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Jini Service to Reconstruct Tomographic Data",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            77,
            78,
            79,
            80,
            81,
            166
        ],
        "note": "IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 19(12), 2000",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Knoll-2000-AJi/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Koenig-2000-AlV",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "AlVis - an Aluminium-Foam Visualization and Investigation Tool",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            83,
            166,
            197,
            212,
            213
        ],
        "note": "In W. deLeeuw R. vanLiere, (eds.), Data Visualization 2000, Springer Wien, pp. 229-238",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Koenig-2000-AlV/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Koenig-2000-AlVi",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "AlVis - An Aluminium-Foam Visualization and Investigation Tool",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            83,
            166,
            197,
            212,
            213
        ],
        "note": "Joint Eurographics - IEEE TCVG Symposium on Visualization (VisSym00), Amsterdam, Netherlands",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Koenig-2000-AlVi/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-2000-Int",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive High-Quality Maximum Intensity Projection",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            176,
            184
        ],
        "note": "Computer Graphics Forum 19(3), 2000, pp. C-341 - C-350",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Mroz-2000-Int/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-2000-Mas",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Mastering Interactive Surface Rendering for Java-Based Diagnostic Applications",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            166,
            184
        ],
        "note": "IEEE Visualization 2000 Proceedings, 2000, pp. 437-440",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Mroz-2000-Mas/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-2000-Rea",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Real-Time Maximum Intensity Projection",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            184,
            197
        ],
        "note": "In E. Gröller, H. Löffelmann, B. Ribarsky (eds.), Data Visualization'99, Springer Wien, pp. 135-144. Revised version \"Maximum Intensity Projection at Warp Speed\" in the Journal Computers & Graphics, 24(3), June 2000, pp. 343-352",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Mroz-2000-Rea/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Neumann-2000-Gra",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Gradient Estimation in Volume Data using 4D Linear Regression",
        "date": "2000",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            177,
            197,
            233
        ],
        "note": "Computer Graphics Forum 19(3), 2000, pp. C-351 - C-357",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Neumann-2000-Gra/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "koenig-1999-AlV",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "AlVis - An Aluminium-Foam Visualization and\nInvestigation Tool",
        "date": "1999-12",
        "abstract": "In recent years there has been an increased interest in\nmetal foams in the field of material science. The stress absorbing\npotential is one of the most interesting properties for the application\nof aluminium foam (e.g. car manufacturing). Material\nscientists need to investigate the structure of metal foams in order to\noptimize their deformation behavior. An interactive tool\nfor the investigation is presented in this work. Real-time surface\nrendering, automatic parameter determination, and display of\nlocal and global foam properties enable the user to understand the\ncomplex structure of the metal foam.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            197,
            212,
            213,
            83,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-23",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "13",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "surface extraction",
            "aluminum foam investigation"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
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                "access": "public",
                "name": "koenig-1999-AlV-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 6648738,
                "path": "Publication:koenig-1999-AlV",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/koenig-1999-AlV/koenig-1999-AlV-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/koenig-1999-AlV/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-1999-IHQ",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive High-Quality Maximum Intensity Projection",
        "date": "1999-12",
        "abstract": "Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) is a volume\nrendering technique\nwhich is used to visualize high-intensity structures within volumetric\ndata. At each pixel the highest data value, which is encountered along a\n\ncorresponding viewing ray is depicted. MIP is, for example, commonly\nused to\nextract vascular structures from medical data sets (angiography). Due\nto lack of depth information in MIP images, animation or interactive\nvariation of viewing parameters is frequently used for\ninvestigation. Up to now no MIP algorithms exist which are of both\ninteractive speed and high quality.\nIn this paper we present a high-quality MIP algorithm (trilinear\ninterpolation within cells), which is up to 50 times faster than\nbrute-force MIP and at least 20 times faster than comparable optimized\ntechniques. This speed-up is accomplished by using an alternative\nstorage scheme for volume cells (sorted by value) and by removing\ncells which do not contribute to any MIP projection (regardless of the\nviewing direction) in a preprocessing step. Also, a fast maximum\nestimation within cells is used to further speed up the algorithm.\n",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            184,
            176,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-25",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "trilinear interpolation",
            "angiography",
            "maximum intensity projection",
            "volume visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "access": "public",
                "name": "Mroz-1999-IHQ-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 477219,
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                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-IHQ/Mroz-1999-IHQ-paper.gz",
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-IHQ/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-1999-MIP",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Maximum Intensity Projection at Warp Speed",
        "date": "1999-12",
        "abstract": "Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) is a volume\nrendering technique\nwhich is used to extract high-intensity structures from volumetric\nscalar data. At\neach pixel the highest data value encountered along the\ncorresponding viewing ray is determined. MIP is commonly used to\nextract vascular\nstructures from medical MRI data sets, i.e., angiography. The usual way\nto\ncompensate for the loss of spatial and occlusion information in MIP\nimages\nis to view the data from different view points by rotating them. As the\ngeneration of a MIP is usually non-interactive, this is done by\ncalculating\nmultiple images offline and playing them back as an animation.\n\nIn this paper a novel algorithm is proposed which is capable of\ninteractively\ngenerating Maximum Intensity Projection images even on low-end\nhardware using parallel\nprojection. Two methods for preprocessing data and removing voxels\nwhich will due to their neighborhood never contribute\nto a MIP are discussed. The remaining voxels are stored in\na way which guarantees\noptimal cache coherency regardless of the viewing direction. For use\non low-end hardware, a preview-mode is included which renders only the\nmore significant parts of the volume during user interaction.\nFurthermore\nwe demonstrate the usability of our data\nstructure for extensions of the MIP technique like MIP with\ndepth-shading and Local Maximum Intensity Projection (LMIP).",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            184,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-24",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "16",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "real-time rendering",
            "maximum intensity projection",
            "volume visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Mroz-1999-MIP-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 495097,
                "path": "Publication:Mroz-1999-MIP",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-MIP/Mroz-1999-MIP-paper.gz",
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-MIP/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Hauser-1999-SSI",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Smart surface interrogation for advanced visualization\ntechniques",
        "date": "1999-11",
        "abstract": "Highly elaborated visualization techniques that are based on\nsurfaces often are independent from the origin of the surface data.\nNevertheless, most of the recently presented advanced visualizatio\nmethods were developed\nfor a specific type of surface although principally applicable\nto generic surfaces.  In this paper we discuss a unified surface\ninterrogation model which provides generic access to surface\nproperties up to degree two, i.e., surface-point locations,\nnormals, and curvature properties, regardless of the origin\nof the surface.  Surface types and interrogation algorithms\nare compared and summarized.  At the end of this paper we present\n                an object-oriented implementation of this model, called {\\sc{}Smurf",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            176,
            175,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-19",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "surface properties",
            "surfaces",
            "visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Hauser-1999-SSI-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 1251291,
                "path": "Publication:Hauser-1999-SSI",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Hauser-1999-SSI/Hauser-1999-SSI-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Hauser-1999-SSI/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Theussl-1999-MDH",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "The Multi-Dimensional Hartley Transform as a Basis for Volume\nRendering",
        "date": "1999-10",
        "abstract": "The Fast Hartley Transform (FHT), a discrete version of the Hartley\nTransform (HT), has been studied in various papers and shown to be\nfaster and more convenient to implement and handle than the\ncorresponding Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).  As the HT is not as\nnicely separable as the FT, a multidimensional version of the HT\nneeds to perform a final correction step to convert the result of\nseparate HTs for each dimension into the final multi-dimensional\ntransform. Although there exist algorithms for two and three\ndimensions, no generalization to arbitrary dimensions can be found\nin the literature. We demonstrate an easily comprehensible and\nefficient implementation of the fast HT and its multi-dimensional\nextension.  By adapting this algorithm to volume rendering by the\nprojection-slice theorem and by the use for filter analysis in\nfrequency domain we further demonstrate the importance of the HT in\n                 this application area.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            175,
            216,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-21",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "7",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "volume rendering",
            "Fourier transform",
            "Hartley transform"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Theussl-1999-MDH-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 353179,
                "path": "Publication:Theussl-1999-MDH",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Theussl-1999-MDH/Theussl-1999-MDH-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Theussl-1999-MDH/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Fuhr-1999-Multi",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Surface Rendering of Volumetric Data",
        "date": "1999-05",
        "abstract": "In this paper a new direct volume-rendering method is\npresented for fast display of iso-surfaces. In order\nto reduce the data to be processed, the algorithm\neliminates those voxels which are invisible from a\nspecific domain of viewing directions. The remaining\nsurface points are stored in an appropriate data\nstructure optimized for fast shear-warp projection.\nThe proposed data structure also supports the\napplication of cutting planes in order to visualize\nthe internal part of the volume as well. Unlike many\nother surface-oriented techniques, the presented method\ndoes not trade image quality for speed. It does not\nrequire any specialized hardware either to achieve\ninteractive frame rates, thus it can be widely used in\n                  medical imaging applications even on low end hardware.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            233,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-13",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "7",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Medical Imaging.",
            "Volume Rendering"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Fuhr-1999-Multi-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 1082896,
                "path": "Publication:Fuhr-1999-Multi",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Fuhr-1999-Multi/Fuhr-1999-Multi-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Fuhr-1999-Multi/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-1999-Adv",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Advanced High-Quality Maximum Intensity Projection for Volume Visualization",
        "date": "1999-04",
        "abstract": "Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) is a volume\nrendering technique\nwhich is used to extract high-intensity structures from volumetric data.\nAt\neach pixel the highest data value encountered along the\ncorresponding viewing ray is determined. MIP is commonly used to\nextract vascular\nstructures from medical MRI data sets (angiography). Due to lack of\ndepth information in MIP images, animation of the viewpoint is\nfrequently used for viewing. Although\ninteractive MIP algorithms exist, the quality of the results is\nmoderate. The generation of high-quality MIP animation loops is\ncomputationally expensive with rendering times of several seconds per\nframe.\nIn this paper we present a fast algorithm for high-quality MIP.\nCells of the data set\nwhich will never contribute to a MIP due to their neighborhood are\nremoved during a preprocessing\nstep. The remaining cells are stored in a way which improves cache\ncoherency\nindependent of the viewing direction and minimizes the number of\nrequired maximum evaluations.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            184,
            399,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-10",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "angiography",
            "Maximum Intensity Projection",
            "Volume Visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Mroz-1999-Adv-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 873394,
                "path": "Publication:Mroz-1999-Adv",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-Adv/Mroz-1999-Adv-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-Adv/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-1999-ReaX",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Real-Time Maximum Intensity Projection",
        "date": "1999-04",
        "abstract": "Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) is a volume\nrendering technique\nwhich is used to extract high-intensity structures from volumetric data.\nAt\neach pixel the highest data value encountered along the\ncorresponding viewing ray is determined. MIP is commonly used to\nextract vascular\nstructures from medical MRI data sets (angiography). The usual way to\ncompensate for the loss of spatial and occlusion information in MIP\nimages\nis to view the data from different view points by rotating them. As the\ngeneration of MIP is usually non-interactive, this is done by\ncalculating\nmultiple images offline and playing them back as an animation.\n\nIn this paper a new algorithm is proposed which is capable of\ninteractively\ngenerating Maximum Intensity Projection images using parallel\nprojection and templates. Voxels of the data set\nwhich will never contribute to a MIP due to their neighborhood are\nremoved during a preprocessing\nstep. The remaining voxels are stored in a way which guarantees\noptimal cache coherency regardless of the viewing direction. For use\non low-end hardware, a preview-mode is included which renders only\nmore significant parts of the volume during user interaction.\nFurthermore\nwe demonstrate the usability of our data\nstructure for extensions of the MIP technique like MIP with\ndepth-shading and Local Maximum Intensity Projection (LMIP).",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            184,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-09",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "angiography",
            "Maximum Intensity Projection",
            "Volume Visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Mroz-1999-ReaX-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 166639,
                "path": "Publication:Mroz-1999-ReaX",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-ReaX/Mroz-1999-ReaX-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-ReaX/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Vilanova-1999-VirX",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "VirEn: A Virtual Endoscopy System",
        "date": "1999-03",
        "abstract": "Virtual endoscopy systems are promising tools for the\nsimplification of daily clinical procedures. In this paper, a\nconceptual framework for a virtual endoscopy system (VirEn) is\nproposed, which is intended to be a highly interactive system.\nResearch efforts have concentrated on the generation of an\noptimal path for the automated navigation of the data set.\nExtensions to existing thinning algorithms used to generate the\noptimal path are presented and discussed. First results produced\nwith VirEn are shown.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            459,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-06",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "11",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Thinning",
            "Navigation",
            "Virtual Endoscopy",
            "Volume Visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Vilanova-1999-VirX-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 1224958,
                "path": "Publication:Vilanova-1999-VirX",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Vilanova-1999-VirX/Vilanova-1999-VirX-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Vilanova-1999-VirX/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Koenig-1999-MVA",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Multiple Views and Magic Mirrors - fMRI Visualization of the Human Brain",
        "date": "1999-02",
        "abstract": "Multimodal visualization of functional and anatomical\ndata of the human brain is an important field in  medical volume\nvisualization. The aim of this application is to provide\nthe user with information on the location of functional\nactivations in the different regions of the brain. When the approach of\ndirect volume rendering is chosen, the visual impression of details\nusually suffers from accumulating the image from colors and\nopacities derived from the data set. We present extensions to\novercome this problem: \\emph{Transfer function volumes} are used for\nthe highlighting of activated regions. \\emph{Multiple views",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            197,
            212,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-08",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "11",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "fMRI",
            "Multimodality",
            "Volume Visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Koenig-1999-MVA-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 2911655,
                "path": "Publication:Koenig-1999-MVA",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Koenig-1999-MVA/Koenig-1999-MVA-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Koenig-1999-MVA/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-1999-MIP",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Maximum Intensity Projection using Binary Shear-Warp\nFactorization",
        "date": "1999-01",
        "abstract": "This paper presents a fast maximum intensity projection\ntechnique based on binary shear-warp factorization.  The\nproposed method divides the density domain into a small\nnumber of intervals, and to each interval a binary code\nrepresentation is assigned. In a preprocessing step, an\nadditional volume is created which contains for each voxel\nthe code of the interval enclosing the given voxel density.\nWe present an appropriate data structure for storing this\nvolume and an efficient lookup table technique which can\nbe used to rapidly access a voxel of a certain density code.\nThe volume is efficiently resampled along viewing rays only\nin voxels where the densities reside in the interval which\n                  contains the appropriate maximum value.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            233,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-99-02",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Shear-Warp Factorization.",
            "Volume Rendering",
            "Maximum Intensity Projection"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Csebfalvi-1999-MIP-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 176773,
                "path": "Publication:Csebfalvi-1999-MIP",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Csebfalvi-1999-MIP/Csebfalvi-1999-MIP-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Csebfalvi-1999-MIP/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Csebfalvi-1999-Fast",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Maximum Intensity Projection using Binary Shear-Warp Factorization.",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            197,
            233
        ],
        "note": "N.M. Thalmann, V. Skala (eds.), <br>Proceedings of WSCG'99, The 7-th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Interactive Digital Media'99, February 8 - 12, 1999, Plzen, Czech Republic, Vol. I, pp. 47-54.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Csebfalvi-1999-Fast/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Glaeser-1999-Fas",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Generation of Curved Perspectives for Ultra-Wideangle Lenses in VR-Applications.",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            420
        ],
        "note": "Visual Computer, Vol 15(7/8), 1999, pp. 365-376.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Glaeser-1999-Fas/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-1999-Dat",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Data Visualization '99",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            287,
            399
        ],
        "note": "Springer 1999",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Groeller-1999-Dat/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-1999-Vis",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualization of Dynamical Systems.",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            166,
            399
        ],
        "note": "F.Post, D. Silver (eds.) Journal Future Generation Computer Systems, Elsevier, Vol. 15(1), February 1999, pp.75-86.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Groeller-1999-Vis/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Koenig-1999-Mul",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Multiple Views and Magic Mirrors - fMRI Visualization of the Human Brain.",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            197,
            212
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of Spring Conference on Computer <br>Graphics and its Applications 1999 (SCCG'99), Budmerice, Slovakia, April 28th.-May 1st, 1999, pp. 130-139.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Koenig-1999-Mul/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1999-SMU",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "SMURF a Smart Surface model for advanced visualization techniques",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            175,
            197,
            399
        ],
        "note": "N.M. Thalmann, V. Skala (eds.), <br>Proceedings of WSCG'99, The 7-th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Interactive Digital Media'99, February 8 - 12, 1999, Plzen, Czech Republic, Vol. I, pp. 156-164.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Loeffelmann-1999-SMU/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-1999-Real",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Real-Time Maximum Intensity Projection.",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            184,
            197
        ],
        "note": "E.Gröller, H. Löffelmann, B. Ribarsky (eds.),  <br>Data Visualization'99, Springer Wien, pp.135-144. Revised version \"Maximum Intensity Projection at Warp Speed\" to be published in the Journal Computers & Graphics, June 2000.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mroz-1999-Real/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Purgathofer-1999-Gra",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Graphische Datenverarbeitung.",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            190
        ],
        "note": "IPeter Rechenberg, Gustav Pomberger, Handbuch der Informatik. Carl Hanser Verlag, second edition, pp. 807-854, 1999.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Purgathofer-1999-Gra/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Vilanova-1999-Vir",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "VirEn: A Virtual Endoscopy System.",
        "date": "1999",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            197,
            459
        ],
        "note": "Journal Machine Graphics & Vision, Vol 8(3), 1999, pp. 469-487.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Vilanova-1999-Vir/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1998-SMURF",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Smurf -- a Smart surface model\n\tfor advanced visualization techniques",
        "date": "1998-10",
        "abstract": "Highly elaborated visualization techniques that are based on surfaces often are independent from the origin of the surface data.  For re-using advanced visualization methods for surfaces of various kind, we developed an abstract surface interrogation layer called Smurf.  In this paper we discuss the steps necessary to unify multiple types of surfaces under a shared general purpose interface.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            399,
            175,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-98-26",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "surfaces",
            "visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Loeffelmann-1998-SMURF-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 1299140,
                "path": "Publication:Loeffelmann-1998-SMURF",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Loeffelmann-1998-SMURF/Loeffelmann-1998-SMURF-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Loeffelmann-1998-SMURF/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Berger-1998-Col",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Color-Table Animation of Fast Oriented Line Integral\nConvolution\n  \t\t\t\t for Vector Field Visualization",
        "date": "1998-07",
        "abstract": "Fast Oriented Line Integral Convolution (FROLIC), which is\na variant\nof LIC, illustrates 2D vector fields by approximating a\nstreamlet by\na set of disks with varying intensity. FROLIC does not only\nshow the\ndirection of the flow but also its orientation.\nThis paper presents color-table animation of FROLIC images.\nVarious\ncolor-table compositions are discussed in detail. When\nanimating\nFROLIC images visual artifacts (pulsation, synchronization)\nmust be\navoided. Several strategies in this respect are dealt with.\nColor-table animation of FROLIC has been implemented as\nVisual C++\napplication for Windows NT, whereby the calculation of the\ndynamical\nsystem is performed with Mathematica. This allows\nresearchers from\nvarious disciplines to conveniently explore and investigate\n  \t\tanalytically defined 2D and 3D vector fields.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            405,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-98-22",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "19",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "color-table animation",
            "Line Integral Convolution",
            "FROLIC"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Berger-1998-Col-paper.pdf",
                "type": "application/pdf",
                "size": 765400,
                "path": "Publication:Berger-1998-Col",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Berger-1998-Col/Berger-1998-Col-paper.pdf",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Berger-1998-Col/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "fuhrmann-1998-reaX",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Real-TimeTechniques for 3D Flow Visualization",
        "date": "1998-05",
        "abstract": "Visualization of three dimensional flow has to overcome a lot of problems to be effective. Among them are occlusion of distant details, lack of directional and depth hints and cluttering. In this paper we present methods which address these problems for realtime graphic representations applicable in virtual environments. We use animated, opacity-mapped streamlines as visualization icon for 3D flow visualization. We present a texture mapping technique to keep the level of texture detail along a streamline nearly constant even when the velocity of the flow varies considerably. An algorithm is described which distributes the dashtubes evenly in space. We apply magic lenses and magic boxes as interaction techniques for investigating densly filled areas without overwhelming the observer with visual detail. Implementation details of these methods and their integration in our virtual environment conclude the paper.",
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        "authors": [
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            166
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        "number": "TR-186-2-98-16",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "7",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "focussing",
            "virtual reality",
            "texture techniques",
            "flow visualization",
            "realtime"
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        "weblinks": [],
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    {
        "id": "Mroz-1998-Bri",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Bringing Your Visualization Application to the Internet",
        "date": "1998-04",
        "abstract": "The Internet has a growing importance as a medium for\npresenting\nvisualization and offering visualization tools. Due to strong\nvariations in the quality of avaliable resources it is extremely\ndifficult to design visualization systems including the Internet, which\nare capable of interactively\nvisualizing user data. In this paper we identify requirements for\na distributed visualization system to interactively visualize user data.\nAs a possible solution to the identified problems we\npresent a model for a visualization pipeline capable of fulfilling these\nrequirements. Finally a proof-of-concept implementation of our ideas\ninto Net Phase Plane, a visualization tool for dynamical systems, is\ndiscussed.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            184,
            399,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-98-14",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "interactivity",
            "visualization over the internet"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
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    {
        "id": "Mroz-1998-SelX",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Selected Trends in Scientific Visualization",
        "date": "1998-04",
        "abstract": "Visualization became an important branch of scientific\nresearch during the past decade.  Some topics of visualization, e.g., flow\nvisualization and volume visualization, already\nprovide lots of high-quality solutions to the most important\nproblems.  Others such as information visualization, are rather\nyoung disciplines which continuously provide lots of new\nadvances.  One such topic is the visualization over the Internet.\nQuite a number of approaches emerged during the last two years\nwhich facilitate this idea and embed the World Wide Web into the\nvisualization process.  Another trend in visualization is\ncollaborative visualization within an augmented reality setup.\nUsers exploit real 3D interaction and augmented\nreality to combine\ncommunication and investigation during research or education.\nThirdly, the visualization of multi-dimensional and multi-modal\ndata is a rather hot challenge to current scientific research.\nCoping with the restriction of just a few dimensions for\nrepresenting visualization results is a big open problem in\nvisualization and currently subject to eager research.",
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        "authors": [
            184,
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        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-98-15",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "augmented reality,information visualizat",
            "web technologies",
            "Visualization"
        ],
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    {
        "id": "Castro-1998-TFS",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Transfer Function Specification for the Visualization of\n                       Medical Data",
        "date": "1998-03",
        "abstract": "The application of transfer functions to map data\nvalues to visual properties as, e.g., color and opacity, is\na crucial step in direct volume rendering.  Due to the\ncomplex relationship between the transfer function and the\nresulting image it is usually extremely difficult to model\nan appropriate mapping.  In this paper we present an\nadvanced transfer function specification scheme for the\nvisualization of medical data.  The concept of metadata is\nused to make the modeling of transfer functions more\nintuitive.  A small number of parameters is sufficient to\ncompletely describe a transfer function, thus this\nspecification scheme is suitable for (semi-)automated search\n        techniques.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
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        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
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            197,
            399,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-98-12",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
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            "visualization of medical data"
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        "weblinks": [],
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    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1998-VDS",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualizing Dynamical Systems near Critical Points",
        "date": "1998-03",
        "abstract": "In this paper we present two visualization techniques.\nOne uses the topological structure of the dynamical system near\ncritical points to build an abstract description of the flow.\nThe other places bunches of streamlets around the critical\npoints to visualize the flow characteristics locally.\nCombining both methods a powerful visualization technique is\npresent, since both the topological information as well as\n  intuitive visual cues are provided.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            399,
            212,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-98-09",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems",
            "critical points",
            "vector field topology"
        ],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Loeffelmann-1998-VDS/",
        "__class": "Publication"
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-1998-TunVis",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "TunVis: Visualizing specific geologic features for\ntunnel planning and construction",
        "date": "1998-02",
        "abstract": "This paper describes a method and a system for visualizing a\nvirtual tunnel through an existing geologic formation and a\nmethod for the generation of a camera animation along the tunnel\naxis. The tunnel is built from geologic data coming from vertical\nsample drills from the mountain top along the selected tunnel axis.\nIts wire frame model is then edited by a geologist and image\ninformation of the rock appearance is textured onto the tunnel\nwall, resulting in a photorealistic representation of the expected\ngeologic rock formations. Finally a camera animation and video\noptions are defined to render a video sequence of the camera\n                 movement.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
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            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-98-08",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "12",
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        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-1998-VAD",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualization of Analytically Defined Dynamical\nSystems",
        "date": "1998-02",
        "abstract": "The visualization of analytically defined dynamical systems is\nimportant for a thorough understanding of the underlying system\nbehavior. An overview of theoretical concepts concerning\nanalytically defined dynamical systems is given.  Various\nvisualization techniques for dynamical systems are discussed.\nThree current research directions concerning the visualization of\ndynamical systems are treated in more detail. These are: texture\nbased techniques, visualization of high-dimensional dynamical\n                 systems, and advanced streamsurface representations. ",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "number": "TR-186-2-98-06",
        "pages_from": "1",
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        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems"
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        "id": "Groeller-1998-VDS",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualization of Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1998-02",
        "abstract": "The visualization of analytically defined dynamical systems is\nimportant for a thorough understanding of the underlying system\nbehavior. An introduction to analytically defined dynamical\nsystems is given. Various visualization techniques for dynamical\nsystems are discussed. Several current research directions\nconcerning the visualization of dynamical systems are treated in\nmore detail. These are: texture based techniques, visualization\nof high-dimensional dynamical systems, advanced streamsurface\nrepresentations, local analysis - Poincare' sections,\n                 visualizing econometric models.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "number": "TR-186-2-98-07",
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        "pages_to": "18",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems"
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    {
        "id": "Koenig-1998-NC",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Real Time Simulation and Visualization of NC Milling\nProcesses for Inhomogeneous Materials on Low-End Graphics Hardware",
        "date": "1998-01",
        "abstract": "Simulation and visualization of NC milling processes\nhas become an\nimportant step in computer aided manufacturing. The usage of stock\nmaterials with specific locally varying properties (like density,\naccuracy, color, ...) becomes more and more important with new\ntechnologies emerging in the material industry.  Our new approach,\nusing volumetric representation, has been adapted to this needs and\ncopes with inhomogeneous material properties. Taking color as one\npossible material property, our approach enables the visualization\nof milled wood or compound materials.\nFurthermore, our approach has been developed with the usage of\nlow-end graphics hardware in mind. The algorithms have been\noptimized to ensure interactive update rates even on standard\npersonal computers without hardware graphics acceleration.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "number": "TR-186-2-98-04",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
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        ],
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    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1998-EVC",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Enhancing the Visualization of Characteristic Structures\n\t        in Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1998-01",
        "abstract": "We present a thread of streamlets as a new\ntechnique to visualize\ndynamical systems in three-space.  A trade-off is made between\nsolely visualizing a mathematical abstraction through\nlower-dimensional manifolds, i.e., characteristic structures such\nas fixed point, separatrices, etc., and directly encoding\nthe flow through stream lines or stream surfaces.  Bundlers of\nstreamlets are\nselectively placed near characteristic trajectories.\nAn over-population of phase space with occlusion problems as a\nconsequence is omitted.  On the other hand, information loss\nis minimized since characteristic structures of the flow are still\n    illustrated in the visualization.",
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        "authors": [
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        "number": "TR-186-2-98-05",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems"
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    },
    {
        "id": "Fischel-1998-Cas",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Case study:  Visualizing Various Properties of Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": null,
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        "authors": [
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        "note": "In 6th International  Workshop on Digital Image Processing and Computer Graphics (DIP-97):  Applications in Humanities and Natural Sciences, Emanuel Wenger, Leonid I.  Dimitrov, Editors, Proceedings of SPIE vol 3346, pp. 146-154, (1998).",
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    {
        "id": "Fuhrmann-1998-Rea",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Real-Time Techniques for 3D Flow Visualization",
        "date": "1998",
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        "note": "IEEE Visualization'98 Proceedings, 1998, pp. 305-312.",
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    {
        "id": "Glaeser-1998-AFa",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Fast Shadow Profiler and its Applications",
        "date": "1998",
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        "note": "In 6th  International Workshop on Digital Image Processing and Computer Graphics  (DIP-97): Applications in Humanities and Natural Sciences, Emanuel Wenger,  Leonid I. Dimitrov, Editors, Proceedings of SPIE vol 3346, pp. 168-176,  (1998).",
        "research_areas": [],
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    {
        "id": "Glaeser-1998-Eff",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Efficient Volume-Generation During the  Simulation of  NC-Milling",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "authors": [
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        "note": "Proceedings of the International Workshop on Visualization and  Mathematics'97, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany, September, 16.-19., 1997. In H.-Ch.  Hege, K. Polthier (eds), Mathematical Visualization, Springer Heidelberg,  1998,  pp. 89-106.",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Glaeser-1998-Eff/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Koenig-1998-Rea",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Real Time Simulation and Visualization of NC  Milling Processes for Inhomogeneous Materials on Low-End Graphics Hardware, In  F.-E",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": null,
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        ],
        "note": "Wolters, N. M. Patrikalakis (eds.), Proceedings of CGI'98 (Computer  Graphics International), IEEE Computer Society, Hannover, Germany, June 22-26,  1998, pp. 338-349.",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Koenig-1998-Rea/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1998-Enh",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Enhancing the Visualization of Characteristic  Structures in Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            399
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of 9th EUROGRAPHICS Workshop on  Visualization in Scientific Computing, Blaubeuren, Germany, April 20.-22.,  1998, pp. 35-46. Republished in D. Bartz (ed.), Visualization in Scientific  Computing'98, Springer, pp.59-68.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Loeffelmann-1998-Enh/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1998-Vis",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualizing Poincaré Maps together  with the Underlying Flow",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            152,
            166,
            399
        ],
        "note": "Proceedings of the International Workshop on  Visualization and Mathematics'97, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany, September, 16.-19.,  1997. In H.-Ch. Hege, K. Polthier (eds), Mathematical Visualization, Springer  Heidelberg, 1998, pp. 315-328.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Loeffelmann-1998-Vis/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1998-Visu",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualizing Dynamical Systems near  Critical Points, Proceedings of Spring Conference on Computer Graphics 1998  (SCCG'98), Budmerice, Slovakia, April 23.-25., 1998, pp",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            166,
            212,
            399
        ],
        "note": "175-184.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Loeffelmann-1998-Visu/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Meinhart-1998-Tun",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "TunVis: Visualizing specific  geologic features for tunnel planning and construction, Proceedings of Spring  Conference on Computer Graphics 1998 (SCCG",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            156,
            166
        ],
        "research_areas": [],
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        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Meinhart-1998-Tun/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Milik-1998-Geo",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Geometry of Mixed-mode  Oscillations in the 3-d Autocatalator",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            154,
            166,
            399,
            418
        ],
        "note": "International Journal of Bifurcation  and  Chaos (IJBC), World Scientific Publishing Company, Vol. 8(3), pp. 505-519,  March 1998.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Milik-1998-Geo/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Mroz-1998-Sel",
        "type_id": "misc",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Selected Trends in Scientific  Visualization",
        "date": "1998",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            184,
            399
        ],
        "note": "Invited Paper in Proceedings of Spring Conference on Computer  Graphics 1998 (SCCG'98), Budmerice, Slovakia, April 23.-25., 1998, pp. 17-26.",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Mroz-1998-Sel/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Fischel-1997-CSVVP",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Case study: Visualizing Various Properties of\n\t\t  Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1997-09",
        "abstract": "There is a wide range of visualization techniques for\ndynamical systems. These methods are used to visualize certain\nproperties as, e.g., stability of fixed points, characteristic changes\nof velocity, and bifurcations. This paper gives a short introduction\nto dynamical systems and describes several visualization\ntechniques. Some of those are applied to three different dynamical\nsystems. The application of different visualization methods to\ndynamical systems shows, how scientific visualization can be used for\nanalyzing the behavior of dynamical systems, and how visualization can\n     make analysis of a dynamical system fast and efficient.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            416,
            212,
            184,
            399,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-97-16",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            ""
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "size": 1848646,
                "path": "Publication:Fischel-1997-CSVVP",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Fischel-1997-CSVVP/Fischel-1997-CSVVP-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
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        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Fischel-1997-CSVVP/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Milik-1997-GMMO",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Geometry of Mixed-mode Oscillations in the 3-d\n                Autocatalator",
        "date": "1997-08",
        "abstract": "We present a geometric explanation of a basic mechanism\ngenerating mixed-mode oscillations in a prototypical simple\nmodel of a chemical oscillator.  Our approach is based on\ngeometric singular perturbation theory and canard solutions.  We\nexplain how the small oscillations are generated near a special\npoint, which is classified as a folded saddle-node for the\nreduced problem.  The canard solution passing through this point\nseparates small oscillations from large relaxation type\noscillations.  This allows to define a one-dimensional return\nmap in a natural way. This bimodal map is capable of\nexplaining the observed bifurcation sequence convincingly.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            417,
            418,
            399,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-97-14",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "27",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            ""
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 1756939,
                "path": "Publication:Milik-1997-GMMO",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Milik-1997-GMMO/Milik-1997-GMMO-paper.gz",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Milik-1997-GMMO/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Glaeser-1997-EVG",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Efficient Volume-Generation During the Simulation of\n                NC-Milling",
        "date": "1997-04",
        "abstract": "This paper presents an efficient and robust algorithm for\nthe geometric determination of swept volumes during the simulation of\nNC-milling (three-axis machining and five-axis machining). The boundary Y\nof the volume swept by a cutter F is represented polygonally by using\ninstantaneous helical motions to exactly determine the line of contact\nbetween F and Y.\nApplying concepts of differential geometry allows a better and more\nefficient approximation of tool paths. Tool paths are explicitly calculated\nwhen a design surface G is to be milled along prescribed curves.\nWe also describe how to quickly determine a polygonized representation of\nthe truncated material during the milling process by means of\n'G-buffering'. This polygon-oriented algorithm is perfectly suitable for\nBoolean subtractions and error assessment.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            420,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-97-10",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "11",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "G-Buffer",
            "sweeps",
            "solid modeling",
            "NC-verification",
            "NC-milling",
            "computer aided manufacturing"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 1652501,
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Glaeser-1997-EVG/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1997-FV2",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Visualization of 2D Dynamical Systems\n                  by the use of Virtual Ink Droplets",
        "date": "1997-04",
        "abstract": "This paper presents a new visualization technique for\nflow fields in 2D.  It utilizes a physical model of smearing ink over a\nsheet of paper as an intuitive metaphor for the representation of a\ndynamical system.  This technique is capable of producing images that are\ncomparable to those generated with line integral convolution (LIC),\nwhich is a well-known and established visualization technique for planar\nvector fields.  Similar to oriented line integral convolution (OLIC), an\nextension to LIC, the virtual ink droplet method is capable of\nvisualizing not only direction and velocity of flow (as LIC does), but\nalso the orientation of vectors.  The main advantage of the new method\nis, that animation sequences, which intuitively represent the dynamics\ninduced by the underlying dynamical system, can be computed much more\nefficiently than by the use of LIC or OLIC. A speed-up of about 200 is\nusually achieved when virtual ink droplets are used instead.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            399,
            197,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-97-13",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "8",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems",
            "flow visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
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                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Loeffelmann-1997-FV2/Loeffelmann-1997-FV2-paper.gz",
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Loeffelmann-1997-FV2/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1997-VPM",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualizing Poincare Maps together with the\n\t\tunderlying flow",
        "date": "1997-03",
        "abstract": "We present a set of advanced techniques for the\nvisualization of 2D Poincare maps.  Since 2D Poincare\nmaps are a mathematical abstraction of periodic or\nquasiperiodic 3D flows, we propose to embed the\n2D visualization with standard 3D techniques to improve the\nunderstanding of the Poincare maps.  Methods to enhance\nthe representation of the relation $x\\leftrightarrow{}P(x)$,\ne.g., the use of spot noise, are presented as well as\ntechniques to visualize the repeated application of $P$,\ne.g., the approximation of $P$ as a warp function.  It is\nshown that animation can be very useful to further improve\nthe visualization.  For example, the animation of the\nconstruction of Poincare map $P$ is inherently a proper\nvisualization.  During the paper we present a set of\n        examples which demonstrate the usefulness of our techniques.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            399,
            152,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-97-06",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "17",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Poincare maps",
            "dynamical systems",
            "visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "size": 4352068,
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Loeffelmann-1997-VPM/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Wegenkittl-97-FOL",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Fast Oriented Line Integral Convolution for Vector\n                Field Visualization via the Internet",
        "date": "1997-03",
        "abstract": "Oriented Line Integral Convolution (OLIC) illustrates\nflow fields by convolving a sparse texture with an anisotropic\nconvolution kernel. The kernel is aligned to the underlying flow of\nthe vector field. OLIC does not only show the direction of the flow\nbut also its orientation. This paper presents Fast Rendering of Oriented\nLine Integral Convolution (FROLIC), which is approximately two orders of\nmagnitude faster than OLIC. Costly convolution operations as done in\nOLIC are replaced in FROLIC by approximating a streamlet through a set\nof disks with varying intensity. The issue of overlapping streamlets\nis discussed. Two efficient animation techniques for animating FROLIC\nimages are described. FROLIC has been implemented as a Java applet.\nThis allows researchers from various disciplines (typically with\ninhomogenous hardware environments) to conveniently explore and\ninvestigate analytically defined 2D vector fields.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-97-07",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "14",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "vector field visualization",
            "Line Integral Convolution"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "access": "public",
                "name": "Wegenkittl-97-FOL-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 1103793,
                "path": "Publication:Wegenkittl-97-FOL",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Wegenkittl-97-FOL/Wegenkittl-97-FOL-paper.gz",
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        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Wegenkittl-97-FOL/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Wegenkittl-97-VBH",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualizing the Behavior of Higher Dimensional\n                Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1997-03",
        "abstract": "In recent years scientific visualization has been\ndriven by the need to visualize high-dimensional data sets within\nhigh-dimensional spaces.\nHowever most visualization methods are designed for showing some\nstatistical features of the data set. This paper deals with the\nvisualization of trajectories of high-dimensional dynamical systems\nwhich form a L^n_n data set of a smooth n-dimensional flow. Three\nmethods that are based on the idea of parallel coordinates are\npresented and discussed. Visualizations done with these new methods\nare shown and an interactive visualization tool for the exploration\nof high-dimensional dynamical systems is proposed.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            399,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-97-08",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "12",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "dynamical system",
            "multi-dimension visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "access": "public",
                "name": "Wegenkittl-97-VBH-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 3729288,
                "path": "Publication:Wegenkittl-97-VBH",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Wegenkittl-97-VBH/Wegenkittl-97-VBH-paper.gz",
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        ],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Wegenkittl-97-VBH/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1997-HSV",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Hierarchical Streamarrows for the Visualization of\n                Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1997-01",
        "abstract": "Streamarrows are a technique to enhance the use of\nstreamsurfaces by separating arrow-shaped portions from the\nremaining streamsurface.  We present a hierarchical streamarrows\nalgorithm as an extension to this technique: Streamarrows are\nlocally chosen from a stack of scaled streamarrows textures to\navoid too big or small streamarrows in the rendered image.  We\nfurthermore present techniques how streamarrows can be extended\ninto 3D, namely perpendicular to the streamsurface: streamarrows\ncan be shifted slightly out of the streamsurface.  Another\nextension in this category is to represent the outline of\nstreamarrows as 3D tubes.  We show a set of images which have been\n  rendered using this technique and report about ongoing research.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            399,
            184,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-97-02",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "13",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "streamsurfaces",
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "access": "public",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 2587496,
                "path": "Publication:Loeffelmann-1997-HSV",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Loeffelmann-1997-HSV/Loeffelmann-1997-HSV-paper.gz",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Loeffelmann-1997-HSV/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Wegenkittl-1996-AFR",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Animating Flowfields: Rendering of Oriented Line Integral\n\t\tConvolution",
        "date": "1996-12",
        "abstract": "Line Integral Convolution (LIC) is a common approach\nfor the visualization of vector fields. It is well suited for visualizing\nthe direction of a flow field, but it gives no information about the\norientation of the underlying vectors. We introduce Oriented Line Integral\nConvolution (OLIC), where direction as well as orientation are encoded\nwithin the resulting image. This is achieved by using a low frequency\ninput texture and a ramp like (unisotropic) convolution kernel. This\nmethod can be animated, whereby the computation of so called pixel traces\nfastens the calculation process. In the result section various OLICs using\nsimple and real-world vector fields are shown.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            166,
            190
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-96-23",
        "pages_from": "",
        "pages_to": "",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "flowfield visualization",
            "line integral convolution"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/x-zip",
                "size": 2491242,
                "path": "Publication:Wegenkittl-1996-AFR",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wegenkittl-1996-AFR/Wegenkittl-1996-AFR-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
            }
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        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wegenkittl-1996-AFR/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Wegenkittl-1996-SDI",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Simulation of Differential Interferometry and\n                 Comparison with Experimental Results",
        "date": "1996-11",
        "abstract": "This paper presents the computational simulation of a\ndifferential interferometer in a Mach-Zehnder arrangement\nwith objects located outside the center of the\ninterferometer. The computer simulation corresponds very\nwell to an experimental setup. This is illustrated for\nseveral basic phase objects. The theoretical models of\nthese objects are discussed. The concept of an interactive\nvisualization system for the analysis of phase objects is\npresented and finallysome results allowing a comparison\n                between experimental and simulated interferograms are shown.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            166,
            423
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-96-22",
        "pages_from": "",
        "pages_to": "",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "interferometry",
            "simulation"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "access": "public",
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        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wegenkittl-1996-SDI/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1996-DS3",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "DynSys3D: A workbench for developing advanced\nvisualization  techniques in the field of\n                 three-dimensional dynamical systems",
        "date": "1996-11",
        "abstract": "This work describes DynSys3D, a framework for testing and\nimplementing visualization techniques in the area of three-dimensional\ndynamical systems. DynSys3D has been designed to meet requirements which\nallow a fast and modular investigation of dynamical systems. Such\nrequirements are, e.g., extendability, interactivity, and symmetry. Some\nvisualization examples realized with DynSys3D illustrate the flexibility of\nthe system.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            399,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-96-21",
        "pages_from": "",
        "pages_to": "",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "access": "public",
                "name": "Loeffelmann-1996-DS3-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
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                "path": "Publication:Loeffelmann-1996-DS3",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Loeffelmann-1996-DS3/Loeffelmann-1996-DS3-paper.gz",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Loeffelmann-1996-DS3/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "loeffelmann-1996-CVA",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Classifying the Visualization of Analytically Specified\n                Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1996-04",
        "abstract": "In this paper we suggest a classification of visualization\ntechniques for analytically specified dynamical systems\ninto four different approaches.  We distinguish between local\nproperties, the topology of behavior, global properties, and\nclasses of dynamical systems with respect to various topics\nof visualization.  By presenting advanced visualization\ntechniques that we applied during three recent projects, we\ndiscuss their embedding within the classification scheme The\ndynamical systems visualized are the ``Dynastic Cycle'',\nwhich is a model for rise and fall of dynasties in ancient\nChina, the ``Wonderland'' model, that simulates the\ninteractions of population growth, economic activities, and\nenvironmental pollution, and a model for mixed-mode\n                oscillations, which occurs in chemistry. ",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            399,
            166,
            165,
            190
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-96-15",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "14",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/loeffelmann-1996-CVA/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "loeffelmann-1996-SVM",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Streamarrows: Visualizing Multiple Layers of\n                Streamsurfaces",
        "date": "1996-04",
        "abstract": "Occlusion is a crucial spatial cue for the human visual\nsystem. Painters as well as researchers in the field of\ncomputer graphics have been dealing with this aspect for a\nlong time. In the field of visualization occlusion can be\nespecially problematic. We present a new approach to\ndealing with streamsurfaces that occlude major parts of the\nsystem representation. Analyzing mixed-mode oscillations,\nwhich are a special class of analytically defined dynamical\nsystems, we came across geometrically complex streamsurfaces\nwith curly shape. Certain regions of these surfaces, that\nare necessary to describe the behavior of the system,\nocclude major parts of the model.  We combined and adopted\nseveral visualization techniques to deal with this problem.\nStreamarrows, which are semi-transparent portions of the\nstreamsurface, allow the viewer to see through and diminish\nthe problem of occlusion.  Cross-sections and the removal\nof certain portions of the model reduce occlusion as well\nand thus improve visual perception.  Choosing the shape of\nan arrow for segmentation allows to visualize even more\ninformation at the streamsurface, e.g., the direction of\nthe flow.  An anisotropic spot noise texture is further\nused to emphasize  flow within a streamsurface.  Finally\nanimation techniques were applied to facilitate the\ninterpretation of dynamical systems with complex shaped\n                streamsurfaces.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            399,
            184,
            166,
            190
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-96-12",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "13",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "flow visualization",
            "streamsurfaces",
            "complex dynamical systems",
            "mixed-mode oscillations"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 630255,
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/loeffelmann-1996-SVM/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "wegenkittl-1996-GTW",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Guided Tour to Wonderland: Visualizing the Slow-Fast\n                Dynamics of an Analytical Dynamical System",
        "date": "1996-04",
        "abstract": "The analysis of complex dynamical systems produces large\namounts of data that have to be interpreted efficiently.\nVisualizing the phase space of such systems illustrates\ngeometrically the behavior of the underlying dynamics. This\nwork investigates the visualization of Wonderland, a four\ndimensional econometric model, which describes interactions\nbetween population growth, economic activity and\nenvironmental implications. Wonderland belongs to a class\nof interesting dynamical systems with a pronounced\nslow-fast dynamics, i.e., some variables are changing much\nfaster than others. Furthermore the behavior of the\nWonderland model is characterized by manifolds which are\nnot streamsurfaces, i.e., the flow does not stay within\nthese surfaces. This paper discusses the application and\nadaptation of various visualization techniques to\nanalytical dynamical systems with special properties as\n                mentioned above.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            165,
            166,
            190
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-96-11",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "12",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "vector field visualization",
            "complex dynamical systems"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
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        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/wegenkittl-1996-GTW/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1996-ACE",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Autostereograms - Classification and Experimental\n                Investigations",
        "date": "1996-03",
        "abstract": "One important branch in computer graphics is the research\nfor representing three-dimensional objects. Many different\ntechniques have been developed to convey to a user of a\ntwo-dimensional medium that he sees a three-dimensional\nscene. Apart from realistic image synthesis, e.g., ray\ntracing and radiostiy, there are techniques which try to\ngenerate a real three-dimensional impression for the viewer.\nIn the last years a new technique to produce such pictures\nhas gained popularity. The generated images are called\nautostereograms. An interesting feature with this technique\nis, that only single pictures have to be produced and that\nno additional equipment is needed to produce a three\ndimensional impression. Therefore autostereograms are also\ncalled 'single image stereograms' (SIS). This work gives an\noverview on the technique of autostereograms. After a short\ndescription of the algorithms to generate autostereograms a\ndetailed classification is introduced. After that the\nperceptability of autostereograms and software related to\nthe topic is discussed. Moreover, experiments with animated\nautostereograms will be presented. Finally some experiments\nconcerning the usage and change of colors in autostereograms\nand the combination of two depth-scenes within one image\n                will be discussed.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            428,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-96-09",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "9",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Autostereograms"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
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                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 273025,
                "path": "Publication:groeller-1996-ACE",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/groeller-1996-ACE/groeller-1996-ACE-paper.gz",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/groeller-1996-ACE/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1996-avn",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Analysis and Visualization of Nonlinear Time Sequences",
        "date": "1996-01",
        "abstract": "During the last years there has been a considerable\nincrease in the interest in nonlinear dynamical systems.\nMore and more scientists apply nonlinear techniques to\nanalyze their data sets which are often given as discrete\ntime sequences. This paper gives a short overview on\nnonlinear systems and time sequences resulting from such\nnonlinear systems. The concept of attractors is explained\nand Poincare maps are described. The analysis of time\nsequences is discussed with respect to applying\nvisualization techniques as steering tools in the\ninvestigation process. Because discrete time sequences\nresulting from measurements are typically affected by noise\na signal - noise separation has to be done. The method of\ntime delays is then subsequently used for phase-space\nreconstruction. Important numbers to characterize dynamical\nsystems are fractal dimension and Lyapunov exponents. These\nconcepts are therefore treated as well. A low cost\nvisualization system (AVTS) was implemented which is\ndesigned to specifically support a researcher in his\ninvestigation of nonlinear time sequences. Emphasis has\nbeen put on handling of large data sets, as well as fast\ninteractive manipulation and visual representation of time\nsequences. The visual inspection with AVTS allows the\nresearch to quickly focus his investigation on interesting\n                portions of the data.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            429,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-96-05",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Visualization",
            "Time Sequences",
            "Nonlinearity",
            "Fractal Dimension"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
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                "access": "public",
                "name": "groeller-1996-avn-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 443391,
                "path": "Publication:groeller-1996-avn",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/groeller-1996-avn/groeller-1996-avn-paper.gz",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/groeller-1996-avn/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-1995-GOW",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "The Geometry of Wonderland",
        "date": "1995-12",
        "abstract": "We analyze Wonderland - a model of demographic,economic\nand environmental interactions\n- by combining numerical simulations with basic ideas of\ngeometric singular perturbation theory. This theory dealing\nwith slow-fast dynamical systems  helps us to gain new\ninsights into the system's behaviour. We give conditions\nfor the occurrence of rapid environmental changes in\nWonderland. Since the chosen approach is inherently geometric\n\t\twe also focus on the visualization of our results.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            165,
            417,
            430,
            431,
            432
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-95-17",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "21",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "dynamical system",
            " visualization"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Groeller-1995-GOW-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 781751,
                "path": "Publication:Groeller-1995-GOW",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Groeller-1995-GOW/Groeller-1995-GOW-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Groeller-1995-GOW/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-1995-SDC",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Simulation und Darstellung computergenerierter Strickware",
        "date": "1995-11",
        "abstract": "In Computer Graphics a boundary representation of objects\nis often used to generate realistic synthetic images. For\ncertain objects it is more suitable to use a volume\nrepresentation. In this paper  we investigate the\nvisualization of   knitting patterns where the details\nof the yarn were modeled by voxel data. The visualization\nand the modeling of textiles has already been investigated\nin depth in the computer graphics literature. However most\nof the publications consider woven fabrics.  In the case of\nknitwear the topological specification of the knitting\npattern allows a subdivision into basic elements. The thread\ncourse and the microstructure of the yarn are then\napproximated by  voxel data. The periodic structure of\nknitting patterns allows for a compact representation and\nan efficient rendering. The generated images demonstrate the\n\t\tpossible realistic simulations. ",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            433,
            434
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-95-15",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "9",
        "research_areas": [
            "Modeling"
        ],
        "keywords": [
            "knitwear",
            "volume visualization",
            "textile modeling"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Groeller-1995-SDC-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 952940,
                "path": "Publication:Groeller-1995-SDC",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Groeller-1995-SDC/Groeller-1995-SDC-paper.gz",
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Groeller-1995-SDC/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "jankovic-1995-heter",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Heterogenous Morphing of Multimodal Medical Information",
        "date": "1995-09",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            444,
            482,
            166
        ],
        "booktitle": "Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns",
        "date_from": "1995-09-06",
        "date_to": "1995-09-08",
        "editor": "Hlavac, Vaclav; Sara, Radim",
        "isbn": "3-540-60268-2",
        "location": "Prague, Czech Republic",
        "publisher": "Springer",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/jankovic-1995-heter/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Acquisto-1995-DCR",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Distortion Camera for Ray Tracing",
        "date": "1995-03",
        "abstract": "Ray tracing is a powerful technique for realistic image\ngeneration. Typically a simple camera definition is used,\nwhereby a 3D environment is mapped onto an image plane\neither by an orthographic or perspective projection. The\nconcept of the usual simple camera definition is extended\nin several ways to achieve distorted views or projections\nof the object scene. The origins of primary rays are not\nrequired to lie on a plane anymore. Thus projections onto\ncurved image surfaces are possible. The directions of\nprimary rays may be chosen according to various nonlinear\nfunctions that allow nonstandard projections of the\nenvironment. The concept of centers of interest (coins) is\nintroduced that enables to concentrate on especially\ninteresting portions of object space. A center of interest\nis a 3D position that either distorts (attracts) a portion\nof the image surface or locally influences the directions\nof primary rays. The results of a test implementation are\npresented to show the feasibility of the methods presented.\nSeveral applications of distorted images are: creating\nelemental holographic images and raster omnimax images,\n\t\tvirtual reality and arts.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            438,
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-95-05",
        "pages_from": "",
        "pages_to": "",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "ray tracing",
            "distortion camera",
            "projection",
            "image generation"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
            {
                "description": null,
                "filetitle": "paper",
                "main_file": true,
                "use_in_gallery": false,
                "access": "public",
                "name": "Acquisto-1995-DCR-paper.gz",
                "type": "application/octet-stream",
                "size": 128941,
                "path": "Publication:Acquisto-1995-DCR",
                "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Acquisto-1995-DCR/Acquisto-1995-DCR-paper.gz",
                "thumb_image_sizes": []
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        ],
        "projects_workgroups": [],
        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Acquisto-1995-DCR/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-1995-CCG",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Coherence in Computer Graphics",
        "date": "1995-03",
        "abstract": "Coherence denotes similarities between items or entities.\nIt describes the extent to which these items or entities\nare locally constant. An introduction to coherence and a\nsurvey of various types of coherence, that are used in\ncomputer graphics, are given. Techniques and data\nstructures for exploiting coherence in computer graphics\nare described. Incremental techniques, bounding volume\nschemes, subdivision techniques and several geometric data\nstructures are discussed in more detail. Applications of\ncoherence principles to computer graphics are treated and\n\t\ta survey of previous research is done.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
        "repositum_presentation_id": null,
        "authors": [
            166,
            190
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-95-04",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "19",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "coherence",
            "computer graphics",
            "incremental techniques",
            "bounding volumes",
            "subdivision"
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    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1995-RTE",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Ray Tracing with Extended Cameras",
        "date": "1995-03",
        "abstract": "This paper presents an extension of the camera module for ray\ntracers.  As an alternative to the standard pinhole camera an\nAbstract Camera Machine is introduced, which represents a\ngeneralization of the camera module at an abstract level.  The\nAbstract Camera Machine itself is based on simple\ntransformations and mappings, which are chosen from a large\nset of representatives. They are integrated as sub-modules\nto complete the camera mapping procedure, which generates\nrays out of image locations (pixels). Depending on what type\nof transformations are used, many different extended cameras\ncan be built.  The structure of the Abstract Camera Machine\nand an overview of the transformations and mappings are\ngiven. Some results, which were rendered by using a public\ndomain ray tracer in combination with the extended cameras,\nare presented as well.  They show the feasibility of this\napproach and give an impression of the areas of application\nfor this extension to the camera module.  Using extended\ncameras it is easily possible to produce special and artistic\neffects, e.g., a local zoom of especially interesting\nregions. Overviews of given scenes can be modelled and\nseveral views of the same object can be integrated into one\npicture, e.g., a building could be shown from the inside\n\t\t and the outside simultaneously.",
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        "authors": [
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        "number": "TR-186-2-95-06",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "18",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Ray Tracing",
            "Camera Model",
            "Projections",
            "Image Distortions"
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        "id": "groeller-1995-attract",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Attract - Interactive Visualization of Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1995-02",
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        "journal": "Proceedings of WSCG'95",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/groeller-1995-attract/",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1995-inter",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive Exploration of Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1995-02",
        "abstract": "",
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        "substitute": null,
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        ],
        "booktitle": "Proceedings of Visual Data Exploration and Analysis II, In IS&T/SPIE Proceedings",
        "location": "San Jose, USA, Convention Center",
        "note": "TALK: 8.2.1995",
        "pages_from": "132",
        "pages_to": "138",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/groeller-1995-inter/",
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        "id": "loeffelmann-1995-para",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Parametrizing Superquadrics",
        "date": "1995-02",
        "abstract": null,
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        ],
        "journal": "Proceedings of WSCG",
        "lecturer": [
            399
        ],
        "location": "University of West Bohemia, Plzen, Czech Republic",
        "note": "TALK: H. Löffelmann 14.2.1995",
        "pages_from": "162",
        "pages_to": "172",
        "research_areas": [
            "Geometry"
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    {
        "id": "Fischel-1995-VLS",
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        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualization of Local Stability of Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1995-01",
        "abstract": "Several methods for visualizing local stability\nproperties of dynamical systems are presented. The\ncalculation of characteristic values of local stability\nfor linear and nonlinear systems is discussed. Two\nprinciples of visualizing local stability are introduced.\nThe first principle is to display the estimated stability\nvalues directly by using scaled spheres or vectors. The\nsecond principle uses numerical analysis which generates\nportions of sweeps, that are deformed in dependence of local\n\t\t stability properties.",
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        "authors": [
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        "number": "TR-186-2-95-2",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "11",
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            ""
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-1995-IED",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive Exploration of Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1995-01",
        "abstract": "Nonlinear deterministic dynamical systems often exhibit\ncomplex and chaotic behavior which is difficult to\ncomprehend. Visualizing the characteristics of such systems\nis therefore essential for an understanding of the underlying\ndynamics. In this paper concepts for the interactive\ngraphical exploration of analytically defined dynamical\nsystems are discussed. Emphasis is put on interactivity which\nshall facilitate the investigation and exploration of such\nsystems. The following topics on dynamical systems are\ntreated in more detail: interactive specification, simple and\nfast graphical representation, and interactive modification.\nThe paper concentrates on 2D and 3D orthographic projections\nof higher-dimensional phase spaces and on the display of\nbifurcation diagrams. A prototype software system which\nincorporates the previously presented ideas is shortly\ndiscussed. The software system is intended to offer a quick\ninsight into the dynamics of a dynamical system and to enable\n\t\tfast investigation of variations of a dynamical system.",
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        "number": "TR-186-2-95-1",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "9",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "dynamical system",
            "interactive analysis",
            "phase space",
            "bifurcation",
            "chaos theory"
        ],
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    {
        "id": "fischel-1995-vis",
        "type_id": "inbook",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualization of Local Stability of Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1995",
        "abstract": "",
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        "booktitle": "Visualization in Scientific Computing",
        "editor": "R. Scateni, J. van Wijk, P. Zanarini",
        "isbn": "3211827293",
        "pages_from": "106",
        "pages_to": "117",
        "publisher": "Springer",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1995-appl",
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        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Application of Visualization Techniques to Chaotic Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1995",
        "abstract": "",
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        "booktitle": "Visualization in Scientific Computing",
        "editor": "M. Göbel, H. Müller, B. Urban",
        "pages_from": "62",
        "pages_to": "71",
        "publisher": "Springer",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/groeller-1995-appl/",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1995-dyn",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualisierung dynamischer Systeme unter Berücksichtigung lokaler Eigenschaften",
        "date": "1995",
        "abstract": "",
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        "date_to": "1995-03-24",
        "event": "Konversatorium aus Operatins Research",
        "location": "TU Wien, Austria",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/groeller-1995-dyn/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1995-lok",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualisierung für das lokale und globale Verhalten komplexer dynamischer Systeme",
        "date": "1995",
        "abstract": "",
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        ],
        "date_to": "2005-10-05",
        "event": "Workshop Visualisierung im Rahmen des DFG-Schwerpunktes ",
        "location": "Feldberg, BRD",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/groeller-1995-lok/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1995-mod",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Modeling and Visualization of Knitwear",
        "date": "1995",
        "abstract": null,
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
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            433,
            434
        ],
        "journal": "IEEE Transaction on Visualization and Computer Graphics",
        "number": "4",
        "volume": "1",
        "research_areas": [
            "Modeling"
        ],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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                "filetitle": "almost final version",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1995-non",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Nonlinear Raytracing - Visualizing Strange Worlds",
        "date": "1995",
        "abstract": "",
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        "issn": "01782789",
        "journal": "Visual Computer",
        "number": "5",
        "pages_from": "263",
        "pages_to": "274",
        "volume": "11",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1995-vis",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualisierung komplexer dynamischer Systeme",
        "date": "1995",
        "abstract": "",
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        "date_to": "1995-03-08",
        "location": "Universität Tübingen, Deutschland",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-1994-AIV",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Attract - Interactive Visualization of\n                Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1994-11",
        "abstract": "An interactive program for visualizing the long\nterm behavior of dynamical systems, e.g., attractors\nand bifurcation diagrams, is presented. The program\nallows an easy specification of a set of formulas and\nconstants which describe a dynamical system. This set\nof equations is then used for displaying the\ngeometrical structure of the long term development of\nthe dynamical system. The user defines the assignment\nof variables of the dynamical system to at most three\nspatial axes and one color axis. Viewing parameters,\ne.g., point of view, zoom, rotation angle, can again\nbe changed interactively. The program is intended to\nprovide researchers working on dynamical systems with\n                a fast visual analysis and experimentation tool.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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            442
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-94-14",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "10",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "interactive",
            "dynamical system",
            "chaos",
            "strange attractor",
            "bifurcation diagram"
        ],
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    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-1994-HIS",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Hyperrealistic Image Synthesis and Manipulation",
        "date": "1994-11",
        "abstract": "Computer graphics techniques allow the generation\nof realistic and hyperrealistic images. Some of\nthese techniques are discussed in this paper. Ray\ntracing and radiosity produce 2D images out of a 3D\nsynthetic object description. Two extensions of the\nray tracing technique (nonlinear ray tracing, extended\ncamera specification) are described. Finally image\nwarping and image morphing which manipulate 2D images\n                to produce modified 2D images is dealt with.",
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        "substitute": null,
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        "number": "TR-186-2-94-11",
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        "pages_to": "10",
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        "keywords": [
            "(nonlinear) ray tracing",
            "radiosity",
            "extended camera specification",
            "morphing"
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1994-hyper",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Hyperrealistic image synthesis and manipulation",
        "date": "1994-11",
        "abstract": "",
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            166
        ],
        "booktitle": "Proceedings of the Symposium ",
        "location": "Bratislava, Slovakia",
        "note": "TALK: 3.11.1994",
        "organization": "Symposium ",
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-1994-MRN",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Modeling and Rendering of Nonlinear Iterated\n                Function Systems",
        "date": "1994-11",
        "abstract": "Iterated Function Systems are typically defined\nthrough sets of contractive linear transformations.\nThe theory of Iterated Function Systems is based on\nthe contractivity but not on the linearity of the\ndefining functions. Piecewise bilinear distortions\nof grids are used in this work to specify nonlinear\nIterated Function Systems. Nonlinear Iterated Functions\nSystems are characterized by a higher degree of\nflexibility and greater modeling capability than their\nlinear counterparts. Modeling and rendering aspects are\ndiscussed. Limit sets of 2D nonlinear Iterated Function\nSystems are represented by approximating point sets.\nLimit sets of 3D nonlinear Iterated Function Systems\nare either rendered by displaying approximating point\nsets (z-buffer approach) or through ray tracing an\napproximate set of 3D solids. Example images of a\n                test implementation are presented.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-94-12",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "14",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "Fractals",
            "Iterated Functions Systems",
            "nonlinear",
            "Modeling",
            "Rendering"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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    {
        "id": "Loeffelmann-1994-PSQ",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Parameterizing Superquadrics",
        "date": "1994-11",
        "abstract": "Superquadrics are well known and often used 3D\nsurface objects in computer graphics. They are used\nfor modelling parts of scenes that are then rendered\nusing photorealistic image synthesis algorithms (e.g.,\nray tracing).  For some techniques, like texturing,\nwhich are part of these rendering methods, the type\nof the parameterization of such a surface has to be\nchosen carefully and is not intuitively obvious at\nfirst sight. There are cases, where the straight\nforward extension of quadric parameterizations to\nsuperquadrics do not produce satisfying results. We\ntherefore investigate a number of different\nparameterizations in combination with the\ncorresponding formulas, and point out some\n                significant differences between them.",
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        "authors": [
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            166
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        "number": "TR-186-2-94-5",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "11",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "parameterization",
            "quadrics",
            "superquadrics"
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-1994-IDN",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive Design of Nonlinear Functions for\n                Iterated Function Systems",
        "date": "1994-08",
        "abstract": "The basic requirement for the functions of an Iterated\nFunction System (IFS for short) is contractivity.\nNevertheless the majority of recent scientific investigations\nis concentrating on IFSs defined through a set of contractive\nlinear functions. Simpler handling of this kind of functions\nand a more predictable result is the main reason for this\napproach. In this work we use distorted grids (representing\nnonlinear functions) to specify an IFS with a higher degree\nof flexibility and a higher modelling capability. A program\nfor modeling these grids with so-called high-level operations\nis presented. Attention is directed to the interactivity of\ndesigning the IFS and rendering its limit set. Therefore a\nz-Buffer for displaying the result of a stochastic algorithm\nis included. Example images designed with the implemented\n\t\tsoftware system are presented.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
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        "authors": [
            166,
            165
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-94-3",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "13",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "iterated function system (IFS)",
            "nonlinear",
            "interactive design",
            "fractals",
            "rendering"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/Groeller-1994-IDN/",
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    {
        "id": "Purgathofer-1994-CPI",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "A Collection of Papers of the Institute of Computer\n                Graphics",
        "date": "1994-08",
        "abstract": "This is the first technical report of the Institute of\nComputer Graphics at the Technical University of Vienna.\nIt contains papers published by our research group between\n1992 and 1993 providing an overview of our work during that\n                time.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
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        "authors": [
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            245,
            249,
            448,
            445,
            166,
            399,
            244,
            449
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-94-1",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "201",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "computer graphics",
            "visualization",
            "animation",
            "radiosity",
            "monte carlo",
            "multi media",
            "nonlinear ray tracing",
            "coherence",
            "collision detection"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/Purgathofer-1994-CPI/",
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-1994-AVT",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Application of Visualization Techniques to\n                Complex and Chaotic Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1994-06",
        "abstract": "Visualization provides powerful tools for the\ninvestigation of dynamical systems. The application\nof various visualization techniques to complex and\nchaotic dynamical systems is discussed. The\ninteractive specification and modification of strange\nattractors allow an easier understanding of the\nunderlying dynamics. Graphical time series analysis\nvisualizes time series and phase space reconstruction\ntechniques. Visualization of Nonlinear Iterated\nFunction systems is described as well. Finally\nadvanced visualization techniques are employed to\nillustrate shape and chaotic properties of strange\n                attractors.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
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        "authors": [
            166
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-94-13",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "12",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visualization",
            "dynamical systems",
            "chaos",
            "fractals",
            "interactive",
            "strange attractors",
            "graphical time series analysis",
            "iterated function systems"
        ],
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1994-int",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive Transformation of 2D Vector Data",
        "date": "1994-06",
        "abstract": "",
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "booktitle": "Proceedings of the 10. Spring Schoon on Computer Graphics '94 and its applications",
        "date_from": "1994-06-06",
        "date_to": "1994-06-09",
        "location": "Bratislava, Slovakia",
        "note": "TALK: 8.6.1994",
        "organization": "10. Spring Schoon on Computer Graphics '94 and its applications",
        "research_areas": [],
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    {
        "id": "Groeller-1994-ITV",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Interactive Transformation of 2D Vector Data",
        "date": "1994-06",
        "abstract": "A program for the interactive transformation of 2D\nvector data is presented. The program allows the\ndefinition of local and global transformations to\nestablish a matching between two data sets. Zoologists\ndeduce relationships between life forms by\ninvestigating their geometric shape. The presented\nprogram enables the investigation of 2D cross-sections\nof, e.g., insect bodies. The amount of the distortion\nrequired to map one cross-section onto another\nillustrates evolutionary links among different species.\nThe program is intended to facilitate the above\n                mentioned research activities.",
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        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-94-8",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "6",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "interactive morphing",
            "2D vector data",
            "grid distortions",
            "point based morphing",
            "attracting (repelling) points"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
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    {
        "id": "Jankovic-1994-PBM",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Physically Based Matching of Multimodal Medical\n                Information",
        "date": "1994-06",
        "abstract": "The paper presents a general non-rigid body\nrepresentation suitable for physically-based\nmodeling of deformations of inhomogenious objects.\nThe reliability of the obtained results is\ndemonstrated on real medical data sets - CT an MR\n                scans of human brain.",
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        "number": "TR-186-2-94-9",
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        "pages_to": "8",
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        "keywords": [
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            "medical imaging",
            "morphing",
            "multimodal matching",
            "morphing of inhomogeneous material"
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    {
        "id": "jankovic-1994-phy",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Physically Based Matching of Multimodal Medical Information",
        "date": "1994-06",
        "abstract": "",
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        "booktitle": "Proceedings of the 10. Spring School on Computer Graphics '94 and its applications",
        "date_from": "1994-06-06",
        "date_to": "1994-06-09",
        "location": "Bratislava, Slovakia",
        "organization": "10. Spring School on Computer Graphics '94 and its applications",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1994-appl",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Application of Visualization Techniques to Complex and Chaotic Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1994-05",
        "abstract": "",
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "booktitle": "Proceedings of the 5th Eurographics Workshop on Visualization in Scientific Computing",
        "date_from": "1994-05-30",
        "date_to": "1994-06-01",
        "location": "Rostock, BRD",
        "note": "TALK: 1.6.1994",
        "organization": "Eurographics Workshop in Scientific Computing",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/groeller-1994-appl/",
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1994-coh",
        "type_id": "journalpaper",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Coherence in scan-line algorithms for CSG",
        "date": "1994-01",
        "abstract": "",
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            443
        ],
        "event": "WSCG 1994",
        "journal": "Proceedings of the Winter School on Computer Graphics '94",
        "location": "Plzen, Czech Republic",
        "note": "TALK: E. Gröller 19.9.1994",
        "pages_from": "19.1.1994",
        "pages_to": "20.1.1994",
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/groeller-1994-coh/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "Groeller-1994-CSA",
        "type_id": "techreport",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Coherence in scan-line algorithms for CSG",
        "date": "1994-01",
        "abstract": "Scan-line algorithms for visibility calculation\nexploit various types of coherence properties.\nSeveral scan-line algorithms for Constructive\nSolid Geometry (CSG) are discussed. In one approach\nCSG primitives are represented by polygonal\napproximations. Another technique processes CSG\nprimitives as general quadric surfaces. We\ninvestigate the handling of frequently occurring\nquadric surfaces (cube, cone, sphere, cylinder)\nas distinct cases. Thus the differing properties\nof such objects can be used more efficiently than a\nuniform approach would allow. A so called eBRep\n(extended Boundary Representation) is defined for\nthe frequently occurring quadric surfaces. An eBRep\nis an exact representation of a quadric object and\ncontains curved edges and faces. For each of the\nabove mentioned quadric surfaces a different, geometry\ndependent eBRep is specified. A comparison between the\npolygon-based scan-line algorithm for CSG and our\neBRep based approach is done. eBRep is a storage\nefficient exact representation of quadric surfaces,\n                well suited for scan-line visibility determination.",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
            166,
            443
        ],
        "number": "TR-186-2-94-10",
        "pages_from": "1",
        "pages_to": "11",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [
            "visibility",
            "scan-line algorithm",
            "Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG)",
            "quadrics",
            "coherence"
        ],
        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [
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    {
        "id": "groeller-1994-ext",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Extended Camera Specification for Image Synthesis",
        "date": "1994",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
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        "authors": [
            166,
            399
        ],
        "journal": "Machine Graphics & Vision",
        "number": "3",
        "pages_from": "514",
        "pages_to": "530",
        "volume": "3",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/groeller-1994-ext/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1994-mod",
        "type_id": "journalpaper_notalk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Modeling and Rendering of Nonlinear Iterated Function Systems",
        "date": "1994",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "journal": "Computers & Graphics",
        "number": "5",
        "pages_from": "739",
        "pages_to": "748",
        "volume": "18",
        "research_areas": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/groeller-1994-mod/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1994-tech",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Techniken der Computergraphik zur Analyse dynamischer Systeme",
        "date": "1994",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            166
        ],
        "date_from": "1994-01-17",
        "event": "eingeladener Vortrag im Rahmen eines Konversatoriums aus Operations Research",
        "location": "TU Wien",
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        "keywords": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/groeller-1994-tech/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1994-vis",
        "type_id": "talk",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Visualization Techniques for Complex and Chaotic Dynamical Systems",
        "date": "1994",
        "abstract": "",
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        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "date_from": "1994-11-28",
        "event": "Vortrag im Rahmen der Lecture Series on ",
        "location": "TU Prag",
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        "weblinks": [],
        "files": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/groeller-1994-vis/",
        "__class": "Publication"
    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1993-cha",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Chaos und Computergraphik",
        "date": "1993-11",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
        "main_image": null,
        "sync_repositum_override": null,
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        "authors": [
            166
        ],
        "booktitle": "Proceedings der Tagung Chaos und Strukturbildung",
        "date_to": "1993-11-13",
        "location": "TU München, Deutschland",
        "research_areas": [],
        "keywords": [],
        "weblinks": [],
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        "url": "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/groeller-1993-cha/",
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    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1993-eff",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Efficiency in Computer Graphics: Coherence Principles",
        "date": "1993-06",
        "abstract": "",
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        ],
        "booktitle": "Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Graphics ICCG'93",
        "date_to": "2005-06-03",
        "location": "Budmerice, Slovakia",
        "pages_from": "26",
        "pages_to": "31",
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    },
    {
        "id": "groeller-1993-oct",
        "type_id": "inproceedings",
        "tu_id": null,
        "repositum_id": null,
        "title": "Oct-tracing animation sequences",
        "date": "1993-06",
        "abstract": "",
        "authors_et_al": false,
        "substitute": null,
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        "authors": [
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        ],
        "booktitle": "Proceedings der International Conference on Computer Graphics",
        "date_to": "1993-06-03",
        "location": "Budmerice, Slovakia",
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