@talk{purgathofer-2020-nch,
title = "VR and Visualization in Industry",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2020",
abstract = "We can argue why VR and AR will become more important: -
Virtual and Augmented Reality are efficient forms of
visualizing content for the human: they are immersive, 3
dimensional, interactive, natural, and easy to learn - Why
did that not happen already? Simply because the technology
was not ready, there were too many weaknesses. Now
technology is ready! - And why is visualization important?
Visualization is one fundamental pillar of modern computer
science. - The human eyes carry 80-90% of all information
input, images have the highest bandwidth (you know the
saying: a picture is worth a thousand words) - And a visual
summary of information makes it much easier to identify
patterns and trends, and to analyze data communication
easier and more efficient ",
month = oct,
event = "World VR Industry Conference Cloud Summit",
location = "Nanchang, China",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/purgathofer-2020-nch/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2020-nan,
title = "The Role of Visual Computing in the Digitization Process",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2020",
abstract = "We are living in interesting times, with the fastest
technological development that humankind has ever
experienced. The last 200 years have brought us the
industrial revolution. People have learned to build machines
to release themselves from hard muscle work and from
dangerous work. People have developed new technologies that
enabled the realization of dreams from the past like the
telephone, the car, the airplane, electrical light, or radio
and television. And industrialization has enabled the
production of enough goods for everyone, so that poverty has
a much higher threshold today. Now we are in the middle of
the information revolution, which tries to improve our lives
through computers. We are using electronic banking, social
media, Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing, tomography
diagnosis in medicine, smartphones, GPS, notebooks, computer
games, and there are many more appearances of computers in
everyday life. Currently we are developing smart cities,
digital twins, intelligent factories, autonomous cars and
more. Our tools include Artificial Intelligence, Deep
Learning, fast communication such as 5G, Cloud Computing,
Augmented and Virtual Reality, and many others. Digital
twins, that are digital representations of real world
objects, they are the basis for the simulation and
augmentation of scenarios, necessary to provide insight for
better human decisions. In this context, Visual Computing
plays a central role, as it provides the key technologies to
include the human into the decision making processes: - as
the interface between computers and people, - as the most
efficient channel to transfer data into users via images.
Visual computing was also a main driver in developing
parallel computing and the GPU. The full potential of visual
computing has not yet been exploited in industrial
applications, often because real world data are more
difficult to handle that clean test data in science labs.
Six V’s are the six challenges that we have to cope with
in visual data processing: The Volume of data is ever
increasing. More and more sensors produce more and more data
for more and more computers. The Velocity with which such
data is produced is steadily increasing. The Variety of data
that shall be utilized is becoming more complex. Not only
numerical data, but also categorical data, functions,
pictures and videos, complex relations shall be processed.
The Validity of available data has to be better checked the
more data there are. Are some data wrong? Are data missing?
The Veracity of data is the next issue. Where do the data
come from? Can we trust the data sources? Are some data
manipulated or simply made up? And finally, the Value of our
conclusions and results has to be analyzed. Not everything
that can be calculated makes the world better. The coping
with these 6 V-challenges is essential for the practical
utilization of big data. But there is a seventh issue, the
Confidentiality of the data. Companies are reluctant to give
away their internal data without control who sees or uses
them. And people want to maintain some privacy, they want
their private data protected, according to data protection
laws. Companies like Google or Amazon, but also governments
in many countries, store a lot of data about individuals
that contradict with such concerns. It must stay one of our
most important goals to preserve enough data protection to
avoid any misuse of private data. Big data is only a
blessing if it is not misused. Our research institute VRVis,
together with its Chinese partner VR-KB, works in the field
of transferring scientific results from visual computing
into valuable and innovative products in industry.
International cooperation is a success factor in bringing
these fields together. And international conferences such as
this one provide the contacts for international cooperation
and better understanding between the diverse disciplines
profiting from the digitization process.",
month = jun,
event = "Nanjing Tech Week",
location = "Nanjing, China",
keywords = "visual computing, digitization",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2020/purgathofer-2020-nan/",
}
@WorkshopTalk{Purgathofer-2018-EG,
title = "Best Practice in Technology Transfer",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2018",
month = apr,
event = "Eurographics Industrial Presentations",
location = "Delft, NL",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2018/Purgathofer-2018-EG/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2018-HiG,
title = "Wolfgang Stra{\ss}er Memorial Lecture:His Engagement for
Vienna and Austria",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2018",
month = mar,
event = "HiGraphics'2018",
location = "Riezlern, A",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2018/Purgathofer-2018-HiG/",
}
@article{Reichinger-2018-TAC,
title = "Pictures in Your Mind: Using Interactive Gesture-Controlled
Reliefs to Explore Art",
author = "Andreas Reichinger and H. G. Carrizosa and J. Wood and S.
Schr\"{o}der and C. L\"{o}w and Laura R. Luidolt and Maria
Schimkowitsch and Anton Fuhrmann and Stefan Maierhofer and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Tactile reliefs offer many benefits over the more classic
raised line drawings or tactile diagrams, as
depth, 3D shape, and surface textures are
directly perceivable. Although often created
for blind and visually impaired (BVI) people, a wider
range of people may benefit from such multimodal
material. However, some reliefs are still
difficult to understand without proper
guidance or accompanying verbal descriptions, hindering
autonomous exploration.
In this work, we present a gesture-controlled
interactive audio guide (IAG) based on
recent low-cost depth cameras that can be
operated directly with the hands on relief surfaces during
tactile exploration. The interactively
explorable, location-dependent verbal and
captioned descriptions promise rapid tactile
accessibility to 2.5D spatial information in a
home or education setting, to online resources, or as a
kiosk installation at public places.
We present a working prototype,
discuss design decisions, and present the
results of two evaluation studies: the first with 13
BVI test users and the second follow-up study with
14 test users across a wide range of people
with differences and difficulties associated
with perception, memory, cognition, and
communication. The participant-led research method of this
latter study prompted new, significant and
innovative developments. ",
month = mar,
journal = "ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing",
number = "2",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2018/Reichinger-2018-TAC/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2017-China2,
title = "From Visualization to Decision Support",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2017",
month = sep,
event = "2nd International Forum on VR Visual Computing Technologies",
location = "Hangzhou, China",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2017/Purgathofer-2017-China2/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2017-China1,
title = "From Visualization to Decision Support",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2017",
month = sep,
event = "Virtual Reality and Visual Computing International Forum",
location = "Nanjing, China",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2017/Purgathofer-2017-China1/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2017-VC-Interface,
title = "Visual Computing als Interface zur
Entscheidungsunterst\"{u}tzung",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2017",
month = jul,
event = "RailTec 4.0 Workshop",
location = "Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2017/Purgathofer-2017-VC-Interface/",
}
@talk{purgathofer_2016I1,
title = "Visual Computing — a best practice from Vienna",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2016",
month = dec,
event = "National Research University – Higher School of Economics
(HSE)",
location = "Moskau",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2016/purgathofer_2016I1/",
}
@article{Reichinger_2016,
title = "Gesture-Based Interactive Audio Guide on Tactile Reliefs",
author = "Andreas Reichinger and Stefan Maierhofer and Anton Fuhrmann
and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2016",
abstract = "For blind and visually impaired people, tactile reliefs
offer many benefits over the more classic raised line
drawings or tactile diagrams, as depth, 3D shape and
surface textures are directly perceivable. However, without
proper guidance some reliefs are still difficult to explore
autonomously. In this work, we present a gesture-controlled
interactive audio guide (IAG) based on recent low-cost depth
cameras that operates directly on relief surfaces. The
interactively explorable, location-dependent verbal
descriptions promise rapid tactile accessibility to 2.5D
spatial information in a home or education setting, to
on-line resources, or as a kiosk installation at public
places. We present a working prototype, discuss design
decisions and present the results of two evaluation sessions
with a total of 20 visually impaired test users.",
month = oct,
journal = "Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS
Conference on Computers & Accessibility",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2016/Reichinger_2016/",
}
@inproceedings{Reichinger-2016-spaghetti,
title = "Spaghetti, Sink and Sarcophagus: Design Explorations of
Tactile Artworks for Visually Impaired People",
author = "Andreas Reichinger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2016",
month = oct,
event = "9th Nordic Conference on CHI 2016",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 9th Nordic Conference on CHI 2016",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2016/Reichinger-2016-spaghetti/",
}
@inproceedings{Reichinger_Fuhrmann_2016,
title = "A Concept for Re-Useable Interactive Tactile Reliefs",
author = "Andreas Reichinger and Anton Fuhrmann and Stefan Maierhofer
and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2016",
abstract = "We introduce a concept for a relief-printer, a novel
production method for tactile reliefs, that allows to
reproduce bas-reliefs of several centimeters height
difference. In contrast to available methods, this printer
will have a much smaller preparation time, and does not
consume material nor produce waste, since it is based on a
re-usable medium, suitable for temporary printouts. Second,
we sketch a concept for the autonomous, interactive
exploration of tactile reliefs, in the form of a
gesture-controlled audio guide, based on recent depth
cameras. Especially the combination of both approaches
promises rapid tactile accessibility to 2.5D spatial
information in a home or education setting, to on-line
resources, or as a kiosk installation in museums.",
booktitle = "A Concept for Re-Useable Interactive Tactile Reliefs",
journal = "ICCHP 2016, Part II",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2016/Reichinger_Fuhrmann_2016/",
}
@inproceedings{Purg2015-China,
title = "Industrial Use of Mixed Reality in VRVis Projects",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Clemens Arth and Dieter Schmalstieg",
year = "2015",
month = sep,
organization = "VR Kebao (Tianjin) Science & Technology Co., Ltd",
location = "Peking, China",
booktitle = "Proceedings of VISIC",
pages = "19--23",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2015/Purg2015-China/",
}
@talk{Purg2015-a,
title = "Was ist denn Farbe eigentlich?",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2015",
event = "Farben?-Farben!",
location = "Kunst-Volkshochschule Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2015/Purg2015-a/",
}
@talk{Purg2015-c,
title = "Computer Graphics in Real-World Applications",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2015",
event = "Visual Computing Workshop at the OCG-Jahrestagung",
location = "Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2015/Purg2015-c/",
}
@talk{Purg2015-d,
title = "Industrial Use of Mixed Reality in VRVis Projects",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2015",
event = "VISIC'2015 Int'l Symposium on Virtual Reality, Augmented
Reality and Visual Computing Application Technology",
location = "Beijing, China",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2015/Purg2015-d/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2015-WA,
title = "\"{U}berblick Visual Computing: Teilbereiche und
Anwendungsfelder",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2015",
event = "Business Treff "Visual Computing"",
location = "Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2015/Purgathofer-2015-WA/",
}
@talk{Purg2015-b,
title = "Visual Computing in \"{O}sterreich",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2015",
event = "Medienseminar Informatik der Plattform informatik_austria",
location = "Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2015/Purg2015-b/",
}
@article{Matkovic-2014-ieee,
title = "Visual Analytics for Complex Engineering Systems: Hybrid
Visual Steering of Simulation Ensembles",
author = "Kresimir Matkovic and Denis Gracanin and Rainer Splechtna
and M. Jelovic and Benedikt Stehno and Helwig Hauser and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2014",
abstract = "In this paper we propose a novel approach to hybrid visual
steering of simulation ensembles. A simulation ensemble is a
collection of simulation runs of the same simulation model
using different sets of control parameters. Complex
engineering systems have very large parameter spaces so a
nai?ve sampling can result in prohibitively large simulation
ensembles. Interactive steering of simulation ensembles
provides the means to select relevant points in a
multi-dimensional parameter space (design of experiment).
Interactive steering efficiently reduces the number of
simulation runs needed by coupling simulation and
visualization and allowing a user to request new simulations
on the fly. As system complexity grows, a pure interactive
solution is not always sufficient. The new approach of
hybrid steering combines interactive visual steering with
automatic optimization. Hybrid steering allows a domain
expert to interactively (in a visualization) select data
points in an iterative manner, approximate the values in a
continuous region of the simulation space (by regression)
and automatically find the “best” points in this
continuous region based on the specified constraints and
objectives (by optimization). We argue that with the full
spectrum of optimization options, the steering process can
be improved substantially. We describe an integrated system
consisting of a simulation, a visualization, and an
optimization component. We also describe typical tasks and
propose an interactive analysis workflow for complex
engineering systems. We demonstrate our approach on a case
study from automotive industry, the optimization of a
hydraulic circuit in a high pressure common rail Diesel
injection system.",
month = dec,
journal = "IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics",
volume = "20",
number = "12",
issn = "1077-2626",
pages = "1803--1812",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/Matkovic-2014-ieee/",
}
@article{waldner-2014-af,
title = " Attractive Flicker: Guiding Attention in Dynamic Narrative
Visualizations",
author = "Manuela Waldner and Mathieu Le Muzic and Matthias Bernhard
and Werner Purgathofer and Ivan Viola",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Focus+context techniques provide visual guidance in
visualizations by giving strong visual prominence to
elements of interest while the context is suppressed.
However, finding a visual feature to enhance for the focus
to pop out from its context in a large dynamic scene, while
leading to minimal visual deformation and subjective
disturbance, is challenging. This paper proposes Attractive
Flicker, a novel technique for visual guidance in dynamic
narrative visualizations. We first show that flicker is a
strong visual attractor in the entire visual field, without
distorting, suppressing, or adding any scene elements. The
novel aspect of our Attractive Flicker technique is that it
consists of two signal stages: The first “orientation
stage” is a short but intensive flicker stimulus to
attract the attention to elements of interest. Subsequently,
the intensive flicker is reduced to a minimally disturbing
luminance oscillation (“engagement stage”) as visual
support to keep track of the focus elements. To find a good
trade-off between attraction effectiveness and subjective
annoyance caused by flicker, we conducted two perceptual
studies to find suitable signal parameters. We showcase
Attractive Flicker with the parameters obtained from the
perceptual statistics in a study of molecular interactions.
With Attractive Flicker, users were able to easily follow
the narrative of the visualization on a large display, while
the flickering of focus elements was not disturbing when
observing the context.",
month = dec,
journal = "IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics",
volume = "20",
number = "12",
pages = "2456--2465",
keywords = "Narrative Visualization, Flicker, Visual Attention",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/waldner-2014-af/",
}
@incollection{Purgathofer-2014-PanEu,
title = "Requirements on the Staff of an Application Oriented
Research Organization",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The VRVis Research Center in Vienna is the largest
technology transfer institution in the area of Visual
Computing in Austria. The requirements of the funding body
FFG include the publication of scientific research results
in first class peer reviewed media, and the active
cooperation with co-funding companies. As a consequence the
requirements on the staff of VRVis are manifold: they have
to communicate with real users, use real data, know about
software and hardware, understand the market, do
professional documentation, initiate new projects and write
funding proposals for these, be part of the scientific
community and publish and review papers, manage several
projects in parallel and obey strict deadlines for their
projects and some more. Such staff is barely available and
must be trained on the job.",
month = dec,
booktitle = "Current Issues of Science and Research in the Global World",
chapter = "Proceedings of the International Conference on Current
Issues of Science and Research in the Global World, Vienna,
Austria; 27–28 May 2014",
editor = "Vlasta Kunova, Martin Dolinsky",
isbn = "9781138027398",
note = "December 15, 2014 by CRC Press",
publisher = "CRC Balkema Press, Netherlands",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/Purgathofer-2014-PanEu/",
}
@techreport{Purgathofer-2014-LSM,
title = "A Live Services Marketplace: Telepresence through Remote
Humans",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Hans J\"{u}rgen Pfisterer",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The basic idea is to use state-of-the-art telecommunication
technology to implement the virtual presence of a person at
a remote location. The concept is described with the use of
modern mobile phones (smartphones), but several other
devices with similar or extended capabilities could be used
instead, including pads and notebooks, action cams and
augmented reality glasses (e.g. Google eyeglasses). The
person, who wants to be tele-present somewhere (let’s call
this person the “pilot”), uses the smartphone to
communicate with a person at the remote site (let’s call
this person the “flyer”). The contact includes an
acoustic connection, i.e. they can talk to each other, and a
video connection, i.e. at least the pilot sees what the
flyer is doing. The Live Services Marketplace describes a
business how to connect pilots with flyers. Flyers can
register their willingness to act as telepresence avatars
for selected tasks from a list of allowable tasks,
maintained to prevent illegal tasks. Pilots can book these
flyers through a central administration system, which
searches for appropriate flyers, anonymises the contact and
organizes the financial arrangement. The audio and video
connection is live only (just as a phone call). The paper
describes the basic concept and many use cases for this
business.",
month = may,
number = "TR-186-2-14-1",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/Purgathofer-2014-LSM/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer_2014_AOR,
title = "Application Oriented Research at the VRVis Center",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The talk will describe how the VRVis Research Center was
founded and how it functions today. Several application
driven projects are outlined and some nice results are
shown. He will also discuss the role of application oriented
research institutions in the innovation pipeline, and the
role and composition of the company partners will be
explained. Finally, he will outline main requirements for
the necessary qualifications of researchers at an
application oriented research institution.",
event = "The Visualization and Data Analysis group of the University
of Vienna",
location = "HS3, W\"{a}hringer Str. 29, Informatik, Uni Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/Purgathofer_2014_AOR/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2014-ETH,
title = "Aspects of Scientific Research in Cooperation with Companies",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2014",
event = "20 Year Anniversary of CGL at ETH",
location = "Z\"{u}rich, Switzerland",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/Purgathofer-2014-ETH/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2014-Pantalk,
title = "Requirements on the Staff of an Application Oriented
Research Organization",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2014",
event = "Current Issues of Science and Research in the Global World
2014",
location = "Vienna, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/Purgathofer-2014-Pantalk/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2014-EurasiaGr,
title = "Accurate Fast Simulation of Light",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2014",
event = "Eurasia Graphics",
location = "Ankara, Turkey",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/Purgathofer-2014-EurasiaGr/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2014-Rio,
title = "Computer Graphics in Vienna and at the VRVis Research Center",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2014",
event = "Computer Graphics Lab at Universidade Federal do Rio de
Janeiro",
location = "Rio de Janeiro, Brazil",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2014/Purgathofer-2014-Rio/",
}
@article{musialski-2013-surcgf,
title = "A Survey of Urban Reconstruction",
author = "Przemyslaw Musialski and Peter Wonka and Daniel G. Aliaga
and Michael Wimmer and Luc van Gool and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2013",
abstract = "This paper provides a comprehensive overview of urban
reconstruction. While there exists a considerable body of
literature, this topic is still under very active research.
The work reviewed in this survey stems from the following
three research communities: computer graphics, computer
vision, and photogrammetry and remote sensing. Our goal is
to provide a survey that will help researchers to better
position their own work in the context of existing
solutions, and to help newcomers and practitioners in
computer graphics to quickly gain an overview of this vast
field. Further, we would like to bring the mentioned
research communities to even more interdisciplinary work,
since the reconstruction problem itself is by far not
solved.",
month = sep,
issn = "1467-8659",
journal = "Computer Graphics Forum",
number = "6",
volume = "32",
pages = "146--177",
keywords = "facade modeling, state-of-the-art report, multi-view stereo,
structure from motion, urban modeling, urban reconstruction,
inverse-procedural modeling, facade reconstruction",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2013/musialski-2013-surcgf/",
}
@article{Reisner_2013_RSB,
title = "Reconstruction of Shape Boundaries with Multimodal
Constrains",
author = "Irene Reisner-Kollmann and Stefan Maierhofer and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Shape primitives are a valuable input for reconstructing 3D
models from point clouds. In this paper we present a method
for clipping simple shape primitives at reasonable
boundaries. The shape primitives, e.g. planes or cylinders,
are 2D manifolds which are automatically detected in
unstructured point clouds. Shape boundaries are necessary
for generating valid 3D models from multiple shape
primitives, because shape primitives possibly have
dimensions of infinite extent or they are only partially
present in the scene. Hints for reasonable boundaries of
shape primitives are indicated by different input sources
and constraints. Point clouds and range images provide
information where shape primitives coincide with measured
surface points. Edge detectors offer cues for surface
boundaries in color images. The set of shape primitives is
analyzed for constraints such as intersections. Due to an
iterative approach, intermediate results provide additional
constraints such as coplanar boundary points over multiple
shape primitives. We present a framework for extracting and
optimizing shape boundaries based on the given input data
and multiple constraints. Further, we provide a simple user
interface for manually adding constraints in order to
improve the results. Our approach generates structurally
simple 3D models from shape primitives and point clouds. It
is useful for reconstructing scenes containing man-made
objects, such as buildings, interior scenes, or engineering
objects. The application of multiple constraints enables the
reconstruction of proper 3D models despite noisy or
incomplete point clouds. ",
month = may,
journal = "Computer & Graphics",
number = "3",
volume = "37",
pages = "137--147",
keywords = "Shape boundaries, Shape primitives; , Reconstruction;",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2013/Reisner_2013_RSB/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2013-cvws,
title = "Accurate Fast Simulation of Light",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Light distribution in a scene is a very complex issue if it
shall be close to realism. For a lamp producing and light
planning company such as Zumtobel it is of great value to be
able to design installations interactively, providing
immediate feedback to the costumers about the final result.
Many aspects such as reflections and indirect lighting make
this task difficult. This talk will give some ideas how a
project at the research center VRVis approaches this topic,
and which algorithms are useful for this. Where can we
simplify without visible loss? How can we use the GPU to
speed up the calculations? Why are virtual lights an
efficient concept? Some example images provide evidence. ",
event = "The 18th Computer Vision Winter Workshop",
location = "Hernstein, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2013/Purgathofer-2013-cvws/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2013-fhg,
title = "Visual Computing Research inspired by Applications",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Almost all areas of life can be improved with Visual
Computing techniques. Research, however, often focusses on
assumed problems, guessed by academic researchers. In the
research center VRVis, founded 13 years ago to transfer
academic knowledge to industry, research topics are
motivated and steered by real world needs, leading to real
solutions for practical purposes. The talk will present
several such research projects, and explore some skills
these researchers need and have developed to fulfill this
challenging task.",
event = "Science Meets Business, FhG",
location = "Graz",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2013/Purgathofer-2013-fhg/",
}
@inproceedings{Eibner-12,
title = " GPU-based Multi-Resolution Image Analysis for Synthesis of
Tileable Textures",
author = "Gottfried Eibner and Anton Fuhrmann and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2012",
abstract = "We propose a GPU-based algorithm for texture analysis and
synthesis of nearly-regular patterns, in our case scanned
textiles or similar manufactured surfaces. The method takes
advantage of the highly parallel execution on the GPU to
generate correlation maps from captured template images. In
an analysis step a lattice encoding the periodicity of the
texture is computed. This lattice is used to synthesize the
smallest texture tile describing the underlying pattern.
Compared to other approaches, our method analyzes and
synthesizes a valid lattice model without any user
interaction. It is robust against small distortions and fast
compared to other, more general approaches. ",
month = jul,
isbn = "978-3-642-33190-9",
series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) series",
publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
organization = "Symposium proceedings",
location = "Creta, Greece",
issn = "0302-9743",
booktitle = "Proceedings Intern. Symposium on Visual Computing (ISVC
2012)",
pages = "479--488",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2012/Eibner-12/",
}
@inproceedings{musialski-2012-sur,
title = "A Survey of Urban Reconstruction",
author = "Przemyslaw Musialski and Peter Wonka and Daniel G. Aliaga
and Michael Wimmer and Luc van Gool and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2012",
abstract = "This paper provides a comprehensive overview of urban
reconstruction. While there exists a considerable body of
literature, this topic is still under very active research.
The work reviewed in this survey stems from the following
three research communities: computer graphics, computer
vision, and photogrammetry and remote sensing. Our goal is
to provide a survey that will help researchers to better
position their own work in the context of existing
solutions, and to help newcomers and practitioners in
computer graphics to quickly gain an overview of this vast
field. Further, we would like to bring the mentioned
research communities to even more interdisciplinary work,
since the reconstruction problem itself is by far not
solved. ",
month = may,
booktitle = "EUROGRAPHICS 2012 State of the Art Reports",
location = "Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy",
publisher = "Eurographics Association",
series = "EG STARs",
pages = "1--28",
keywords = "facade modeling, structure from motion, multi-view stereo,
urban reconstruction, inverse-procedural modeling, urban
modeling, image-based modeling, city reconstruction,
state-of-the-art report",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2012/musialski-2012-sur/",
}
@inproceedings{Purgathofer_2012_IVA,
title = "INTERACTIVE VISUAL ANALYSIS OF INTENSIVE CARE UNIT DATA:
Relationship Between Serum Sodium Concentration, its Rate of
Change, and Survival Outcome",
author = "Kresimir Matkovic and H. Gan and Andreas Ammer and D.
Bennett and Werner Purgathofer and Marius Terblanche",
year = "2012",
abstract = "In this paper we present a case study of interactive visual
analysis and exploration of a large ICU data set. The data
consists of patients’ records containing scalar data
representing various patients’ parameters (e.g. gender,
age, weight), and time series data describing logged
parameters over time (e.g. heart rate, blood pressure). Due
to the size and complexity of the data, coupled with limited
time and resources, such ICU data is often not utilized to
its full potential, although its analysis could contribute
to a better understanding of physiological, pathological and
therapeutic processes, and consequently lead to an
improvement of medical care. During the exploration of this
data we identified several analysis tasks and adapted and
improved a coordinated multiple views system accordingly.
Besides a curve view which also supports time series with
gaps, we introduced a summary view which allows an easy
comparison of subsets of the data and a box plot view in a
coordinated multiple views setup. Furthermore, we introduced
an inverse brush, a secondary brush which automatically
selects non-brushed items, and updates itself accordingly
when the original brush is modified. The case study
describes how we used the system to analyze data from 1447
patients from the ICU at Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS
Foundation Trust in London. We were interested in the
relationship between serum sodium concentration, its rate of
change and their effect on ICU mortality rates. The
interactive visual analysis led us to findings which were
fascinating for medical experts, and which would be very
difficult to discover using conventional analysis methods
usually applied in the medical field. The overall feedback
from domain experts (coauthors of the paper) is very
positive.",
month = feb,
location = "Rome, Italy",
event = "IVAPP 2012",
booktitle = "Proceeding of IVAAP 2012",
journal = "Proceedings of IVAPP 2012 / SciTePress",
pages = "648--659",
keywords = "Coordinated Multiple Views, Intensive Care Unit Data,
Interactive Visual Analysis",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2012/Purgathofer_2012_IVA/",
}
@incollection{Reichinger-12,
title = " Computer-Aided Design of Tactile Models – Taxonomy and
Case-Studies",
author = "Andreas Reichinger and Florian Rist and M. Neum\"{u}ller and
Stefan Maierhofer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Computer-aided tools offer great potential for the design
and production of tactile models. While many publications
focus on the design of essentially two-dimensional media
like raised line drawings or the reproduction of
three-dimensional objects, we intend to broaden this view by
introducing a taxonomy that classifies the full range of
conversion possibilities based on dimensionality. We present
an overview of current methods, discuss specific advantages
and difficulties, identify suitable programs and algorithms
and discuss personal experiences from case studies performed
in cooperation with two museums.",
booktitle = "Computers Helping People with Special Needs",
chapter = "13th International Conference, ICCHP 2012, Linz, Austria,
July 11-13, 2012, Proceedings, Part II",
editor = "K. Miesenberger, A. Karshmer, P. Penaz, W. Zagler",
isbn = "978-3-642-31533-6",
publisher = "Springer Berlin-Heidelberg",
series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science",
volume = "7383",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2012/Reichinger-12/",
}
@inproceedings{knecht-2011-CBCM,
title = "Adaptive Camera-Based Color Mapping For Mixed-Reality
Applications",
author = "Martin Knecht and Christoph Traxler and Werner Purgathofer
and Michael Wimmer",
year = "2011",
abstract = "We present a novel adaptive color mapping method for virtual
objects in mixed-reality environments. In several
mixed-reality applications, added virtual objects should be
visually indistinguishable from real objects. Recent
mixed-reality methods use global-illumination algorithms to
approach this goal. However, simulating the light
distribution is not enough for visually plausible images.
Since the observing camera has its very own transfer
function from real-world radiance values to RGB colors,
virtual objects look artificial just because their rendered
colors do not match with those of the camera. Our approach
combines an on-line camera characterization method with a
heuristic to map colors of virtual objects to colors as they
would be seen by the observing camera. Previous tone-mapping
functions were not designed for use in mixed-reality systems
and thus did not take the camera-specific behavior into
account. In contrast, our method takes the camera into
account and thus can also handle changes of its parameters
during runtime. The results show that virtual objects look
visually more plausible than by just applying tone-mapping
operators.",
month = oct,
isbn = "978-1-4577-2183-0 ",
publisher = "IEEE/IET Electronic Library (IEL), IEEE-Wiley eBooks
Library, VDE VERLAG Conference Proceedings",
note = "E-ISBN: 978-1-4577-2184-7",
location = "Basel, Switzerland",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on
Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2011)",
pages = "165--168",
keywords = "Color Matching, Differential Rendering, Mixed Reality, Tone
Mapping",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2011/knecht-2011-CBCM/",
}
@misc{Gan-2011-ICU,
title = "Interactive Visual Analysis of a large ICU database - a
novel approach to data analysis",
author = "H. Gan and Kresimir Matkovic and Andreas Ammer and Werner
Purgathofer and W. Bennett and M. Terblanche",
year = "2011",
abstract = "ICUs generate vast amounts of valuable data. The size and
complexity of the data make analysis technically demanding
and time-consuming. We used interactive visual analysis
(IVA) to analyse a large ICU database using the association
between sodium and mortality as a case study. ",
month = mar,
journal = "Critical Care",
volume = "15",
number = "(suppl.1)",
location = "Brussels, Belgium",
issn = "1364-8535",
event = "31st International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency
Medicine",
Conference date = "Poster presented at 31st International Symposium on
Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine
(2011-03-22--2011-03-25)",
note = "135--",
pages = "135 – ",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2011/Gan-2011-ICU/",
}
@article{scherzer2011d,
title = "A Survey of Real-Time Hard Shadow Mapping Methods",
author = "Daniel Scherzer and Michael Wimmer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Due to its versatility, speed and robustness, shadow mapping
has always been a popular algorithm for fast hard shadow
generation since its introduction in 1978, first for
off-line film productions and later increasingly so in
real-time graphics. So it is not surprising that recent
years have seen an explosion in the number of shadow map
related publications. The last survey that encompassed
shadow mapping approaches, but was mainly focused on soft
shadow generation, dates back to 2003~cite{HLHS03}, while
the last survey for general shadow generation dates back to
1990~cite{Woo:1990:SSA}. No survey that describes all the
advances made in hard shadow map generation in recent years
exists. On the other hand, shadow mapping is widely used in
the game industry, in production, and in many other
applications, and it is the basis of many soft shadow
algorithms. Due to the abundance of articles on the topic,
it has become very hard for practitioners and researchers to
select a suitable shadow algorithm, and therefore many
applications miss out on the latest high-quality shadow
generation approaches. The goal of this survey is to
rectify this situation by providing a detailed overview of
this field. We provide a detailed analysis of shadow mapping
errors and derive a comprehensive classification of the
existing methods. We discuss the most influential
algorithms, consider their benefits and shortcomings and
thereby provide the readers with the means to choose the
shadow algorithm best suited to their needs. ",
month = feb,
issn = "0167-7055",
journal = "Computer Graphics Forum",
number = "1",
volume = "30",
pages = "169--186",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2011/scherzer2011d/",
}
@inproceedings{Mantler-2011-GEAR,
title = "GEARViewer: A State of the Art Real-Time Geospatial
Visualization Framework",
author = "Stephan Mantler and Gerd Hesina and Michael Greiner and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Geospatial visualization is playing an increasingly
important part in the planning and public discussion of
infrastructure projects. In addition to pre-rendered highly
realistic imagery, interactive viewers have become an
important tool for this task. Advances in rendering
technology and performance have reduced the gap in visual
quality between pre-rendered imagery and real-time
applications, and the additional possibilities of a live
visualization may become important tools in the decision
making process. Historically, the step from GIS data or a
highly detailed architectural model to a representation that
is suitable for real-time display has been complex and
required a very finely tuned workflow. On the other side,
the general public is relatively spoiled by the extremely
high quality of computer games and CGI films. Naturally, a
tremendous amount of work and time is typically spent to
fully optimize computer games for the available hardware.
This is usually not possible for geospatial visualization
tasks, but nonetheless current interactive viewing
applications must strive to achieve similar quality and
performance to be successful. In this paper, we present
GEARViewer, a state of the art geospatial rendering
framework developed at VRVis. Developed in close cooperation
with major stakeholders in the Austrian road and railway
infrastructure, it bridges the gap between GIS applications
and real-time rendering, and achieves a high degree of
realism and performance while supporting many of the tasks
involved in geospatial visualizations.",
isbn = "978-3-9503110-1-3",
editor = "Manfred SCHRENK, Vasily V. POPOVICH, Peter ZEILE",
booktitle = "Proceedings of CORP 2011",
pages = "345--354",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2011/Mantler-2011-GEAR/",
}
@inproceedings{Reichinger-2011-Tac,
title = "High-Quality Tactile Paintings",
author = "Andreas Reichinger and Stefan Maierhofer and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The aim of this work is to bring the cultural heritage of
two-dimensional art closer to being accessible by blind and
visually impaired people. We present a computer-assisted
workflow for the creation of tactile representations of
paintings, suitable to be used as a learning tool in the
context of guided tours in museums or galleries. Starting
from high-resolution images of original paintings, our
process allows an artist to quickly design the desired form,
and generate data suitable for rapid prototyping machines to
produce the physical touch tools. Laser-cut layered depth
diagrams, convey not only the individual objects in the
painting and their spatial layout, but also augment their
depth relations. CNC-milled textured reliefs additionally
render fine details like brush strokes and texture suitable
for the sense of touch. Our methods mimic aspects of the
visual sense, make sure that the haptic output is quite
faithful to the original paintings and do not require
special manual abilities, like sculpting skills.",
organization = "Eurographics",
location = "Llandudno, UK",
editor = "A. Day and R. Mantiuk and E. Reinhard and R. Scopigno",
booktitle = "Eurographics 2011 - Areas Papers",
pages = "1--8",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2011/Reichinger-2011-Tac/",
}
@inproceedings{musialski-2010-imv,
title = "Interactive Multi-View Fa\c{c}ade Image Editing",
author = "Przemyslaw Musialski and Christian Luksch and Michael
Schw\"{a}rzler and Matthias Buchetics and Stefan Maierhofer
and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "We propose a system for generating high-quality approximated
fa\c{c}ade ortho-textures based on a set of perspective
source photographs taken by a consumer hand-held camera. Our
approach is to sample a combined orthographic approximation
over the fa\c{c}ade-plane from the input photos. In order to
avoid kinks and seams which may occur on transitions between
different source images, we introduce color adjustment and
gradient domain stitching by solving a Poisson equation in
real-time. In order to add maximum control on the one hand
and easy interaction on the other, we provide several
editing interactions allowing for user-guided
post-processing.",
month = nov,
location = "Siegen, Germany",
booktitle = "Vision, Modeling and Visualization Workshop 2010",
keywords = "urban reconstruction, facade image processing",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/musialski-2010-imv/",
}
@inproceedings{knecht_martin_2010_DIR,
title = "Differential Instant Radiosity for Mixed Reality",
author = "Martin Knecht and Christoph Traxler and Oliver Mattausch and
Werner Purgathofer and Michael Wimmer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "In this paper we present a novel plausible realistic
rendering method for mixed reality systems, which is useful
for many real life application scenarios, like architecture,
product visualization or edutainment. To allow virtual
objects to seamlessly blend into the real environment, the
real lighting conditions and the mutual illumination effects
between real and virtual objects must be considered, while
maintaining interactive frame rates (20-30fps). The most
important such effects are indirect illumination and shadows
cast between real and virtual objects. Our approach
combines Instant Radiosity and Differential Rendering. In
contrast to some previous solutions, we only need to render
the scene once in order to find the mutual effects of
virtual and real scenes. The dynamic real illumination is
derived from the image stream of a fish-eye lens camera. We
describe a new method to assign virtual point lights to
multiple primary light sources, which can be real or
virtual. We use imperfect shadow maps for calculating
illumination from virtual point lights and have
significantly improved their accuracy by taking the surface
normal of a shadow caster into account. Temporal coherence
is exploited to reduce flickering artifacts. Our results
show that the presented method highly improves the illusion
in mixed reality applications and significantly diminishes
the artificial look of virtual objects superimposed onto
real scenes.",
month = oct,
note = "Best Paper Award!",
location = "Seoul",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Symposium on
Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2010)",
pages = "99--107",
keywords = "Instant Radiosity, Differential Rendering, Real-time Global
Illumination, Mixed Reality",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/knecht_martin_2010_DIR/",
}
@inproceedings{matkovic-2010-eventlineview,
title = "Event Line View: Interactive Visual Analysis of Irregular
Time-dependent Data",
author = "Kresimir Matkovic and Andreas Ammer and Denis Gracanin and
Werner Purgathofer and Alan Lez",
year = "2010",
abstract = "In this paper we present a novel approach to visualize ir-
regularly occurring events. We introduce the event line view
designed speci¯cally for such events data (a subset of time
dependent data). The event line view is integrated in a
coordinated multiple views (CMV) system and linked with
other conventional views to support interactive visual
analysis. The main idea is to analyze events relative to two
cat- egorical attributes from a multidimensional
multivariate dataset. Since we are interested in the
categorical dimension we have also integrated and linked the
tag cloud view in the CMV system. To the best of our
knowledge this is the ¯rst integration of the tag cloud
view in a CMV system. The tag cloud view can depict a ratio
of the selected items versus the non-selected items. The
proposed approach is illustrated using the VAST Challenge
2008 Geo-Spatial data set that contains data on interdiction
or landing of ille- gal immigrants in the USA. It is a
multivariate multidimensional dataset with irregular events
that illustrates the potential and capabilities of the
proposed approach and the developed CMV system.",
month = jun,
publisher = "Springer",
location = "Banff, Canada",
booktitle = "Smart Graphics 2010",
keywords = "Interactive Visual Analysis, Coordinated Multiple Views, Tag
Cloud, Events in Time",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/matkovic-2010-eventlineview/",
}
@inproceedings{reisner-2010-ind,
title = "Interactive reconstruction of industrial sites using
parametric models",
author = "Irene Reisner-Kollmann and Anton Fuhrmann and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "We present a new interactive modeling technique for
reconstructing 3D objects from multiple images. We
specifically address the problems that arise in industrial
environments during camera orientation, image segmentation
and modeling. An accurate camera orientation is ensured by
using coded markers and surveyed points from a total
station. Interactive segmentations of edges and regions in
the images are used as input for fitting parametric models
to the scene. We provide an intuitive interface which allows
modeling artificial objects without having extensive
knowledge about 3D modeling or photogrammetry.",
month = may,
isbn = "978-80-223-2644-5",
publisher = "Comenius University, Bratislava",
location = "Budmerice, Slovak Republic",
editor = "Helwig Hauser , Reinhard Klein",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 26th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics
(SCCG 2010)",
pages = "119--126",
keywords = "multi-view reconstruction, model fitting",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/reisner-2010-ind/",
}
@inproceedings{ilcik-2010-ps,
title = "Procedural Skeletons: Kinematic Extensions to CGA-Shape
Grammars",
author = "Martin Il\v{c}\'{i}k and Stefan Fiedler and Werner
Purgathofer and Michael Wimmer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Procedural modeling for architectural scenes was as yet
limited to static objects only. We introduce a novel
extension layer for shape grammars which creates a skeletal
system for posing and interactive manipulation of generated
models. Various models can be derived with the same set of
parametrized rules for geometric operations. Separation of
geometry generation and pose synthesis improves design
efficiency and reusability. Moreover, by formal analysis of
production rules we show how to efficiently update complex
kinematic hierarchies created by the skeletons, allowing
state-of-the-art interactive visual rule editing.",
month = may,
isbn = "978-80-223-2644-5",
publisher = "Comenius University, Bratislava",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Spring Conference on Computer Graphics
2010",
pages = "177--184",
keywords = "procedural modeling, shape grammars, architecture, skeletal
animation",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/ilcik-2010-ps/",
}
@inproceedings{musialski-2010-tof,
title = "Tiling of Ortho-Rectified Fa\c{c}ade Images",
author = "Przemyslaw Musialski and Meinrad Recheis and Stefan
Maierhofer and Peter Wonka and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Typical building facades consist of regular structures such
as windows arranged in a predominantly grid-like manner. We
propose a method that handles precisely such facades and
assumes that there must be horizontal and vertical
repetitions of similar patterns. Using a Monte Carlo
sampling approach, this method is able to segment repetitive
patterns on orthogonal images along the axes even if the
pattern is partially occluded. Additionally, it is very fast
and can be used as a preprocessing step for finer
segmentation stages.",
month = may,
isbn = "978-80-223-2644-5",
publisher = "Comenius University, Bratislava",
location = "Budmerice, Slovak Republic",
editor = "Helwig Hauser , Reinhard Klein",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 26th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics
(SCCG 2010)",
keywords = "image processing, facade segmentation, urban reconstruction",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/musialski-2010-tof/",
}
@inproceedings{brunnhuber-2010-behavior-handicapped,
title = "Simulation and Visualization of the Behavior of Handicapped
People in Virtually Reconstructed Public Buildings",
author = "Martin Brunnhuber and H. Schrom-Feiertag and Gerd Hesina and
D. Bauer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "The planning of public transport infrastructures today must
respect the needs of a wide variety of travelers. In
particular the design of guiding systems needs to take the
reduced reception capabilities of the elderly and
handicapped people into account. Therefore tools for the
evaluation of guiding systems need to be developed. Such
tools must be based on empirical knowledge on the perception
capabilities of the various user groups as well as detailed
microscopic pedestrian movement models in order to represent
typical paths taken. We model the cognition of guiding
systems to enable a realistic representation for the motion
and orientation behavior of elderly and handicapped people
having difficulties perceiving the guidance information and
not being familiar with a building. To demonstrate the
feasibility of the approach we discuss a technique to
virtually reconstruct public buildings in 3D and visualize
the simulated crowd with detailed models for each
individual. The lines of sight of selected, handicapped
persons, who are moving amongst other persons, are also
shown in order to evaluate the visibility of the guiding
information in the infrastructure and to hint at possible
improvements.",
booktitle = "CORP 2010",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/brunnhuber-2010-behavior-handicapped/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2010-Trends,
title = "Some Trends in Computer Graphics",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Overview of some current research trends & exploration of
challenges in 3 subfields of CG: interactive and
photorealistic rendering, Visualization, Visual Analytics. 5
challenges play a role in all these areas: Scalability,
Semantics, Fusion, Interaction, Acquisition",
event = "14th International Conference System Theory and Control",
location = "Sinaia, Romania",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/Purgathofer-2010-Trends/",
}
@article{purgathofer-2010-cgtrends,
title = "Current Trends in Computer Graphics",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "2010",
abstract = "In this paper we give an overview of the current research
trends and explore the challenges in several subfields of
the scientific discipline of computer graphics: interactive
and photorealistic rendering, scientific and information
visualization, and visual analytics. Five challenges are
extracted that play a role in each of these areas:
scalability, semantics, fusion, interaction, acquisition. Of
course, not all of these issues are disjunct to each other,
however the chosen structure allows for a easy to follow
overview of the concrete future challenges.",
issn = "1220 - 2169",
journal = "Buletinul Institutului Politehnic din Iaşi",
number = "2",
pages = "9--24",
keywords = "visualization, rendering, computer graphics, challenges,
computer vision",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/purgathofer-2010-cgtrends/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2010-VisComp,
title = "Visual Computing",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Es wird ein \"{U}berblick gegeben \"{u}ber - Was ist Visual
Computing? - Das VRVis Kompetenzzentrum - Projektbeispiele -
Zuk\"{u}nftige Herausforderungen",
event = "Innovationsgespr\"{a}ch des ZIT",
location = "Wien, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/Purgathofer-2010-VisComp/",
}
@inproceedings{reisner-2010-1dh,
title = "3D Camera Pose Estimation using Line Correspondences and 1D
Homographies",
author = "Irene Reisner-Kollmann and Andreas Reichinger and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "This paper describes a new method for matching line segments
between two images in order to compute the relative camera
pose. This approach improves the camera pose for images
lacking stable point features but where straight line
segments are available. The line matching algorithm is
divided into two stages: At first, scale-invariant feature
points along the lines are matched incorporating a
one-dimensional homography. Then, corresponding line
segments are selected based on the quality of the estimated
homography and epipolar constraints. Based on two line
segment correspondences the relative orientation between two
images can be calculated.",
isbn = "978-3-642-17273-1",
series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science",
publisher = "Springer",
location = "Las Vegas, Nevada, USA",
editor = "Bebis, G.; Boyle, R.; Parvin, B.; Koracin, D.; Chung, R.;
Hammoud, R.; Hussain, M.; Tan, K.-H.; Crawfis, R.; Thalmann,
D.; Kao, D.; Avila, L.",
booktitle = "Advances in Visual Computing: 6th International Symposium on
Visual Computing (ISVC 2010)",
pages = "41--52",
keywords = "pose estimation, line matching",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/reisner-2010-1dh/",
}
@inproceedings{scherzer_2010a,
title = "A Survey of Real-Time Hard Shadow Mapping Methods",
author = "Daniel Scherzer and Michael Wimmer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Due to its versatility, speed and robustness, shadow mapping
has always been a popular algorithm for fast hard shadow
generation since its introduction in 1978, first for
off-line film productions and later increasingly so in
real-time graphics. So it is not surprising that recent
years have seen an explosion in the number of shadow map
related publications. The last survey that encompassed
shadow mapping approaches, but was mainly focused on soft
shadow generation, dates back to 2003~cite{HLHS03} and the
last survey for general shadow generation dates back to
1990~cite{Woo:1990:SSA}. No survey that describes all the
advances made in hard shadow map generation in recent years
exists. On the other hand, shadow mapping is widely used in
the game industry, in production, and in many other
applications, and it is the basis of many soft shadow
algorithms. Due to the abundance of articles on the topic,
it has become very hard for practioners and researchers to
select a suitable shadow algorithm, and therefore many
applications miss out on the latest high-quality shadow
generation approaches. %Real-time research was always
tempted to bring global lighting techniques into the
real-time domain. One of the most popular adaptations in
this respect are hard shadows. It is therefore not
surprising that real-time hard shadow generation has been
one of the most active areas in research in recent years.
But what is surprising is that the last state-of-the-art
report that encompassed this field dates back to
1990~cite{Woo:1990:SSA}, were only the beginnings of this
field were explored. The goal of this survey is to rectify
this situation by providing a detailed overview of this
field. We provide a detailed analysis of shadow mapping
errors and derive from this a comprehensive classification
of the existing methods. We discuss the most influential
algorithms, consider their benefits and shortcomings and
thereby provide the reader with the means to choose the
shadow algorithm best suited to her needs.",
booktitle = "EUROGRAPHICS 2010 State of the Art Reports",
location = "Norrk\"{o}ping, Sweden",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2010/scherzer_2010a/",
}
@inproceedings{musialski-2009-sbfr,
title = "Symmetry-Based Facade Repair",
author = "Przemyslaw Musialski and Peter Wonka and Meinrad Recheis and
Stefan Maierhofer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2009",
abstract = "In this paper we address the problem of removing unwanted
image content in a single orthographic facade image. We
exploit the regular structure present in building facades
and introduce propagation process that is guided by the
symmetry prevalent in the image. It removes larger unwanted
image objects such as traffic lights, street signs, or
cables as well as smaller noise, such as reflections in the
windows. The output is intended as source for textures in
urban reconstruction projects.",
month = nov,
isbn = "978-3980487481",
location = "Braunschweig",
editor = "Marcus Magnor, Bodo Rosenhahn, Holger Theisel ",
booktitle = "Vision, Modeling, and Visualization Workshop 2009",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2009/musialski-2009-sbfr/",
}
@WorkshopTalk{Purgathofer-2009-rus,
title = "Interactive Visual Editing of Grammars for Procedural
Architecture",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Markus Lipp",
year = "2009",
month = oct,
event = "Visual Computing in Fundamental, Academic and Applied
Science and Research",
location = "Moskau, Russia",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2009/Purgathofer-2009-rus/",
}
@inproceedings{eibner-2009-gpc,
title = "Generating Predictable and Convincing Folds for Leather Seat
Design",
author = "Gottfried Eibner and Anton Fuhrmann and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2009",
month = apr,
location = "Budmerice, Slowakei",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 25th Spring Conference on Computer
Graphics (SCCG)",
pages = "93--96",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2009/eibner-2009-gpc/",
}
@article{gavrilescu-2009-postrend,
title = "Post-Rendering Enhancements of Volumes",
author = "Marius Gavrilescu and Vasile Manta and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2009",
abstract = "The paper presents an approach to visually enhance
representations of volume data as a means to improve volume
visualization. Direct volume rendering is employed to
represent several volume data sets, using the popular Ray
Casting algorithm. The result is rendered to a texture via
an off-screen framebuffer, which then goes through a
post-rendering processing stage. This stage involves the
application of image enhancement techniques such as the use
of spatial filters, to produce clearer, sharper, and less
noisy images of the rendered volume. Depending on the
specifics of the volumetric data set, post-rendering
enhancement may bring forth more relevant visual information
or otherwise improve the overall quality of the resulting
images.",
issn = "1220 - 2169",
journal = "Buletinul Institutului Politehnic din Iaşi",
pages = "page 43--54",
keywords = "feature enhancement, Ray-Casting, image filtering, volume
visualization, post-rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2009/gavrilescu-2009-postrend/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2008-cgi,
title = "Illustrative Visualization of Volume Data",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2008",
abstract = "Illustrations are essential for the effective communication
of complex subjects. Their production, however, is a dicult
and expensive task. In recent years, three-dimensional
imaging has become a vital tool not only in medical
diagnosis and treatment planning, but also in many technical
disciplines (e.g., material inspection), biology, and
archeology. Modalities such as X-Ray Computed Tomography
(CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) produce
high-resolution volumetric scans on a daily basis. It seems
counter-intuitive that even though such a wealth of data is
available, the production of an illustration should still
require a mainly manual and time-consuming process. This
talk describes methods for the computer-assisted generation
of illustrations directly from volumetric data using
advanced visualization techniques. The use of a direct
volume illustration system is shown for this purpose.
Instead of requiring an additional modeling step, this
system allows the designer of an illustration to work
directly on the measured data. Abstraction, a key component
of traditional illustrations, is used in order to reduce
visual clutter, emphasize important structures, and reveal
hidden detail. Low-level abstraction techniques are
concerned with the appearance of objects and allow exible
artistic shading of structures in volumetric data sets.
High-level abstraction techniques control which objects are
visible. For this purpose, novel methods for the generation
of ghosted and exploded views are explained. The
visualization techniques presented in this talk were
developed and implemented by Stefan Bruckner and employ the
features of current graphics hardware to achieve interactive
performance. The resulting system allows the generation of
expressive illustrations directly from volumetric data with
applications in medical training, patient education, and
scientic communication.",
event = "CGI - Computer Graphics International",
location = "Istanbul, Turkey",
keywords = "illustrative visualization",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2008/purgathofer-2008-cgi/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2008-tai,
title = "Augmented Reality - Basics and Technology",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2008",
abstract = "The talk will give an overview of Augmented Reality. In
contrast to Virtual Reality which immerses the user into a
completely artificial world, Augmented Reality leaves the
user in the real world, thereby adding or enhancing details
for some purpose. Applications are in medicine, in
industrial maintenance, in navigation, in museums, and many
more. Hardware devices used include see-through head mounted
displays and augmented video signals, always including some
sort of tracking of the user. The user interface design
requires new techniques and variants. Augmented Reality
enables collaborative work of people either at the same or
at distant locations. Mobile Augmented Reality is based on
advanced communication technology and lightweight devices. ",
event = "AR-Conference",
location = "Kaoshung, Taiwan",
keywords = "augmented reality",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2008/purgathofer-2008-tai/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2008-jsc,
title = "Speedup Concepts for Realtime Computer Graphics",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2008",
event = "JSC08",
location = "Wien, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2008/purgathofer-2008-jsc/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2008-vrvis,
title = "Was tut eigentlich ein Universit\"{a}tsprofessor?",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2008",
event = "VRVis Forum",
location = "VRVis, Wien, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2008/purgathofer-2008-vrvis/",
}
@inproceedings{zotti-2007-wscg,
title = "A Critical Review of the Preetham Skylight Model",
author = "Georg Zotti and Alexander Wilkie and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2007",
abstract = "The Preetham skylight model is currently one of the most
widely used analytic models of skylight luminance in
computer graphics. Despite its widespread use, very little
work has been carried out to verify the results generated by
the model, both in terms of the luminance patterns it
generates, and in terms of numerical reliability and
stability. We have implemented the model in Mathematica,
visualise and discuss those parameter ranges which exhibit
problematic behaviour, and compare the computed luminance
values with references from literature, especially the 15
standard skylight distributions of the CIE 2003 Standard
General Sky. We also performed luminance measurements on
real cloudless skies, and compare these measurements to the
predictions of the model.",
month = jan,
isbn = "978-80-86943-02-2",
publisher = "University of West Bohemia",
location = "Plzen",
editor = "Vaclav Skala",
booktitle = "WSCG ",
pages = "23--30",
keywords = "Verification, Skylight",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2007/zotti-2007-wscg/",
}
@article{neumann-2006-gamma,
title = "Accurate Display Gamma Functions based on Human Observation",
author = "Attila Neumann and Alessandro Artusi and L\'{a}szl\'{o}
Neumann and Georg Zotti and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2007",
abstract = "This paper describes an accurate method to obtain the Tone
Reproduction Curve (TRC) of display devices without using a
measurement device. It is an improvement of an existing
technique based on human observation, solving its problem of
numerical instability and resulting in functions in log--log
scale which correspond better to the nature of display
devices. We demonstrate the effiency of our technique on
different monitor technologies, comparing it with direct
measurements using a spectrophotometer.",
issn = "0361-2317",
journal = "Color Research & Applications",
note = "2006 angenommen, 2007 erschienen",
number = "4",
volume = "32",
pages = "310--319",
keywords = "Generalized Gamma Function, Colour Reproduction, Display
Measurement, Human Visual System, Spatial Vision",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2007/neumann-2006-gamma/",
}
@inproceedings{zotti-2006-pla,
title = "Using Virtual Reconstructions in a Planetarium for
Demonstrations in Archaeo-Astronomy",
author = "Georg Zotti and Alexander Wilkie and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2006",
abstract = "In the last decades, archaeologists in central Europe have
found traces of enigmatic neolithic circular building
structures buried in the soil. Recent studies indicate
that the orientation of many of their doorways may have
been chosen with an astronomical background in mind. This
paper explains the use of virtual reconstructions of these
buildings from archaeological data, in combination with a
simulation of the sky of that time in a Planetarium, to
present the astronomical findings to the public.",
month = nov,
isbn = "963-9495-89-1",
publisher = "Pannonian University Press",
location = "Eger",
editor = "Cecilia Sik Lanyi ",
booktitle = "Third Central European Multimedia and Virtual Reality
Conference (Proc. CEMVRC2006)",
pages = "43--51",
keywords = "Virtual Reality, Public Dissemination, Archaeo-Astronomy",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2006/zotti-2006-pla/",
}
@inproceedings{wilkie-2006-dfs,
title = "A Reflectance Model for Diffuse Fluorescent Surfaces",
author = "Alexander Wilkie and Andrea Weidlich and Caroline
Larboulette and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2006",
abstract = "Fluorescence is an interesting and visually prominent
effect, which has not been fully covered by Computer
Graphics research so far. While the physical phenomenon of
fluorescence has been addressed in isolation, the actual
reflection behaviour of real fluorescent surfaces has
never been documented, and no analytical BRDF models for
such surfaces have been published yet. This paper aims to
illustrate the reflection properties typical for diffuse
fluorescent surfaces, and provides a BRDF model based on a
layered microfacet approach that mimics them.",
month = nov,
isbn = "1-59593-564-9",
location = "Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia",
booktitle = "Proceedings of Graphite 2006",
pages = "8",
pages = "321--328",
keywords = "Fluorescence, Analytical BRDF models",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2006/wilkie-2006-dfs/",
}
@article{ulbricht-2006-VOP,
title = "Verification of Physically Based Rendering Algorithms",
author = "Christiane Ulbricht and Alexander Wilkie and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2006",
abstract = "Within computer graphics, the field of predictive rendering
is concerned with those methods of image synthesis which
yield results that do not only look real, but are also
radiometrically correct renditions of nature, i.e.which are
accurate predictions of what a real scene would look like
under given lighting conditions. In order to guarantee the
correctness of the results obtained by such techniques,
three stages of such a rendering system have to be verified
with particular care: the light reflection models, the light
transport simulation and the perceptually based calculations
used at display time. In this report, we will concentrate
on the state of the art with respect to the second step in
this chain. Various approaches for experimental verification
of the implementation of a physically based rendering system
have been proposed so far. However, the problem of proving
that the results are correct is not fully solved yet, and no
standardized methodology is available. We give an overview
of existing literature, discuss the strengths and weaknesses
of the described methods and illustrate the unsolved
problems. We also briefly discuss the related issue of image
quality metrics. ",
month = jun,
issn = "0167-7055",
journal = "Computer Graphics Forum",
number = "2",
volume = "25",
pages = "237--255",
keywords = "visual comparisons, experimental validation, test scenes,
physically based rendering, image quality metrics",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2006/ulbricht-2006-VOP/",
}
@article{artusi-2006-sut,
title = "Speed-up Technique for a Local Automatic Color Equalization
Model",
author = "Alessandro Artusi and C Gatta and D Marini and Werner
Purgathofer and A Rizzi",
year = "2006",
issn = "0167-7055",
journal = "Computer Graphics Forum",
number = "1",
volume = "25",
pages = "5--14",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2006/artusi-2006-sut/",
}
@incollection{PURGATHOFER-2006-IHB,
title = "Grafische Datenverarbeitung",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Michael Wimmer and Alexander Wilkie",
year = "2006",
abstract = "Die grafische Datenverarbeitung oder Computergrafik
umfa{\ss}t im weitesten Sinn alle Methoden und Techniken,
bei denen mit dem Computer Bilder und Bildinformationen
erstellt oder verarbeitet werden.",
address = "Munich",
booktitle = "Informatik Handbuch (4th Edition)",
editor = "Peter Rechenberg and Gustav Pomberger",
isbn = "3-446-40185-7",
publisher = "Carl Hanser Verlag",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2006/PURGATHOFER-2006-IHB/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2006-VRVis,
title = "Some Rendering Research Results",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2006",
event = "VRVis-Forum",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2006/Purgathofer-2006-VRVis/",
}
@inproceedings{jeschke-05-ISTAR,
title = "Image-based Representations for Accelerated Rendering of
Complex Scenes",
author = "Stefan Jeschke and Michael Wimmer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
abstract = "This paper gives an overview of image-based representations
commonly used for reducing the geometric complexity of a
scene description in order to accelerate the rendering
process. Several different types of representations and ways
for using them have been presented, which are classified and
discussed here. Furthermore, the overview includes
techniques for accelerating the rendering of static scenes
or scenes with animations and/or dynamic lighting effects.
The advantages and drawbacks of the different approaches are
illuminated, and unsolved problems and roads for further
research are shown.",
month = aug,
booktitle = "EUROGRAPHICS 2005 State of the Art Reports",
editor = "Y. Chrysanthou and M. Magnor",
location = "Dublin, Ireland",
publisher = "The Eurographics Association and The Image Synthesis Group",
organization = "EUROGRAPHICS",
pages = "1--20",
keywords = "Impostors, Display Algorithms, Three Dimensional Graphics
and Realism, Color, Shading, Shadowing and Texture",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/jeschke-05-ISTAR/",
}
@inproceedings{havran-2005-sccg,
title = "On Cross-Validation and Resampling of BRDF Data Measurements",
author = "Vlastimil Havran and Attila Neumann and Georg Zotti and
Werner Purgathofer and Hans-Peter Seidel",
year = "2005",
abstract = "We discuss the validation of BTF data measurements by means
used for BRDF measurements. First, we show how to apply the
Helmholtz reciprocity and isotropy for a single data set.
Second, we discuss a cross-validation for BRDF measurement
data obtained from two different measurement setups, where
the measurements are not calibrated or the level of accuracy
is not known. We show the practical problems encountered and
the solutions we have used to validate physical setup for
four material samples. We describe a novel coordinate system
suitable for resampling the BRDF data from one data set to
another data set. Further, we show how the perceptually
uniform color space CIELab is used for cross-comparison of
BRDF data measurements, which were not calibrated.",
month = may,
location = "Budmerice, Slovakia",
booktitle = "Proceedings SCCG 2005",
pages = "161--168",
keywords = "reflectance function, BRDF data acquisition, BRDF data
validation, predictive rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/havran-2005-sccg/",
}
@inproceedings{wilkie-2005-sco,
title = "Spectral Colour Order Systems and Appearance Metrics for
Fluorescent Solid Colours",
author = "Alexander Wilkie and Caroline Larboulette and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
abstract = "One aspect of Computational Aesthetics is the finding of
harmonic colours for the objects in a scene. Although the
obtained degree of colour harmony is a subjective criterion,
experience shows that on average human observers tend to
have quite similar responses to individual colour stimuli
and their combinations. This observation is the basis for
what is commonly referred to as Colour Order Systems (COS),
which aim to arrange colours in a fashion such that users
can intuitively select individual colours – or even whole
sets of them – according to some criterion. However, when
dealing with a spectral rendering system, the use of
traditional colour space COS to obtain pleasant associations
of colours becomes impossible, principally due to
metamerism. An interesting problem would be the derivation
of a COS for spectral data which includes the ability to
deal with fluorescent colours, the indirect goal of such a
metric system being the selection of aesthetically pleasing
colour values for a spectral renderer. Categories and
Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): I.3.7 [Computer
Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism: Color",
month = may,
location = "Girona, Spain",
editor = "L. Neumann, M. Sbert, B. Gooch, W. Purgathofer",
booktitle = "Proceedings of Computational Aesthetics in Graphics,
Visualization and Imaging",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/wilkie-2005-sco/",
}
@inproceedings{matkovic-2005-glo,
title = "Global Contrast Factor-a New Approach to Image Contrast",
author = "Kresimir Matkovic and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Attila
Neumann and Thomas Psik and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
abstract = "Contrast in image processing is usually dened as a ratio
between the darkest and the brightest spots of an image. In
this paper we introduce a different contrast denition. The
newly introduced Global Contrast Factor (GCF) corresponds
closer to the human perception of contrast. GCF uses
contrasts at various resolution levels in order to compute
overall contrast. Experiments were conducted in order to nd
weight factors needed to calculate GCF. GCF measures
richness of detail as perceived by a human observer, and as
such can be used in various application areas like
rendering, tone mapping, volume visualization, and lighting
design",
month = may,
isbn = "3905673274",
publisher = "Eurographics Association",
location = "Girona, Spain",
editor = "L. Neumann, M. Sbert, B. Gooch, W. Purgathofer",
booktitle = "Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization and
Imaging 2005",
pages = "159--168",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/matkovic-2005-glo/",
}
@inproceedings{jeschke-05-AIP,
title = "Automatic Impostor Placement for Guaranteed Frame Rates and
Low Memory Requirements",
author = "Stefan Jeschke and Michael Wimmer and Heidrun Schumann and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
abstract = "Impostors are image-based primitives commonly used to
replace complex geometry in order to reduce the rendering
time needed for displaying complex scenes. However, a big
problem is the huge amount of memory required for impostors.
This paper presents an algorithm that automatically places
impostors into a scene so that a desired frame rate and
image quality is always met, while at the same time not
requiring enormous amounts of impostor memory. The low
memory requirements are provided by a new placement method
and through the simultaneous use of other acceleration
techniques like visibility culling and geometric levels of
detail.",
month = apr,
isbn = "1-59593-013-2",
publisher = "ACM Press",
organization = "ACM",
location = "Washington DC",
booktitle = "Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Symposium on Interactive 3D
Graphics and Games",
pages = "103--110",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/jeschke-05-AIP/",
}
@inproceedings{zotti-2005-lum,
title = "Approximating Real-World Luminaires with OpenGL Lights",
author = "Georg Zotti and Attila Neumann and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
abstract = "Dynamic illumination in real-time applications using OpenGL
is still usually done with the classical light forms of
point lights, directional lights and spot lights. For
applications simulating real-world scenes, e.g.
architectural planning, finding parameter sets for these
simple lights to match real-world luminaires is required for
realistic work. This paper describes a simple approach to
process a luminaire data file in IESNA IES-LM63-95 format
to create an approximation using at most 2 OpenGL lights
to represent one luminaire.",
month = feb,
isbn = "80-903100-9-5",
publisher = "UNION press",
organization = "University of West Bohemia",
note = "only on conference CD-ROM",
location = "Plzen",
address = "Plzen",
editor = "Vaclav Skala",
booktitle = "WSCG 2005 Short Paper Proceedings",
pages = "49--52",
keywords = "interactive illumination planning, OpenGL, Real-world
luminaires",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/zotti-2005-lum/",
}
@inproceedings{ulbricht-2005-VOP,
title = "Verification of Physically Based Rendering Algorithms",
author = "Christiane Ulbricht and Alexander Wilkie and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
abstract = "Within computer graphics, the field of predictive rendering
is concerned with those methods of image synthesis which
yield results that do not only look real, but are also
radiometrically correct renditions of nature, i.e. which are
accurate predictions of what a real scene would look like
under given lighting conditions. In order to guarantee the
correctness of the results obtained by such techniques,
three stages of such a rendering system have to be verified
with particular care: the light reflection models, the light
transport simulation and the perceptually based calculations
used at display time. In this report, we will concentrate
on the state of the art with respect to the second step in
this chain. Various approaches for experimental verification
of the implementation of a physically based rendering system
have been proposed so far. However, the problem of proving
that the results are correct is not fully solved yet, and no
standardized methodology is available. We give an overview
of existing literature, discuss the strengths and weaknesses
of the described methods and illustrate the unsolved
problems. We also briefly discuss the related issue of image
quality metrics. ",
booktitle = "State of the Art Reports, Eurographics 05",
publisher = "The Eurographics Association, and The Image Synthesis Group",
pages = "95--112",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/ulbricht-2005-VOP/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2005-Ros,
title = "Realtime Rendering Algorithmen",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
abstract = "Die enorme Entwicklung der Graphikkarten f\"{u}r PCs hat die
Computergraphik-Programmierung weitreichend beeinflusst. Das
effiziente Ausnutzen der sehr hohen Hardware-Leistung
erm\"{o}glicht es, immer komplexere Szenen in Echtzeit zu
rendern. Mehrere Strategien wurden entwickelt: die optimale
Verteilung der Arbeit zwischen CPU und GPU, das
fr\"{u}hzeitige Entfernen sicher nicht sichtbarer Objekte
(Visibility Culling), geometrische Vereinfachungen, Texturen
verschiedener Art und bildbasierte Bilderstellungsverfahren
(Image-based Rendering). Der Vortrag gibt einen
\"{U}berblick \"{u}ber diese Strategien und erkl\"{a}rt
ausgew\"{a}hlte Algorithmen etwas detaillierter.",
event = " ",
location = "Universit\"{a}t Rostock",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/Purgathofer-2005-Ros/",
}
@book{purgathofer-2005-ca,
title = "Computational Aesthetics 2005",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Mateu Sbert and Bruce Gooch and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
isbn = "3905673274",
pages = "249",
publisher = "Eurographics Association",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/purgathofer-2005-ca/",
}
@talk{Purgathofer-2005-Tub,
title = "Some Speedup Techniques for Rendering",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2005",
abstract = "Recent developments of graphics hardware for PCs have
heavily influenced computer graphics programming. Making
optimal use of the very efficient hardware features enables
real-time rendering of more and more complex scenes. Several
strategies are exploited: optimal workload distribution
between CPU and GPU, visibility culling, geometric
simplifications, textures, and image-based rendering. The
talk gives an overview of these strategies and describes
some results from the Vienna Graphics Group in more detail.",
event = " ",
location = "Universit\"{a}t T\"{u}bingen",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2005/Purgathofer-2005-Tub/",
}
@techreport{Neumann-2004-HOB,
title = "Human Observation Based Generalized Gamma Functions",
author = "Attila Neumann and Alessandro Artusi and L\'{a}szl\'{o}
Neumann and Georg Zotti and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
abstract = "This paper describes an accurate method to obtain the Tone
Reproduction Curve (TRC) of display devices without using a
measurement device. It is an improvement of an existing
technique based on human observation, solving its problem of
numerical instability and resulting in functions in log--log
scale which correspond better to the nature of display
devices. We demonstrate the effiency of our technique on
different monitor technologies, comparing it with direct
measurements using a spectrophotometer.",
month = dec,
number = "TR-186-2-04-13",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "Display Measurement, Human Visual System, Spatial Vision",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/Neumann-2004-HOB/",
}
@article{Bittner-2004-CHC,
title = "Coherent Hierarchical Culling: Hardware Occlusion Queries
Made Useful",
author = "Jir\'{i} Bittner and Michael Wimmer and Harald Piringer and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
abstract = "We present a simple but powerful algorithm for optimizing
the usage of hardware occlusion queries in arbitrary complex
scenes. Our method minimizes the number of issued queries
and reduces the delays due to the latency of query results.
We reuse the results of the occlusion queries from the last
frame in order to initiate and schedule the queries in the
next frame. This is done by processing nodes of a spatial
hierarchy in front-to-back order, interleaving occlusion
queries with the rendering of certain previously visible
nodes. The proposed scheduling of the queries makes use of
spatial and temporal coherence of visibility. Despite its
simplicity, the algorithm achieves good culling efficiency
for scenes of various characteristics. The implementation of
the algorithm is straightforward, and it can be easily
integrated in existing real-time rendering packages using
various spatial data structures.",
month = sep,
journal = "Computer Graphics Forum",
volume = "23",
number = "3",
note = "Proceedings EUROGRAPHICS 2004",
issn = "0167-7055",
pages = "615--624",
keywords = "occlusion query, visibility, real-time rendering, occlusion
culling",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/Bittner-2004-CHC/",
}
@inproceedings{Wimmer-2004-LSPM,
title = "Light Space Perspective Shadow Maps",
author = "Michael Wimmer and Daniel Scherzer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
abstract = "In this paper, we present a new shadow mapping technique
that improves the quality of perspective and uniform shadow
maps. Our technique uses a perspective transform specified
in light space which allows treating all lights as
directional lights and does not change the direction of the
light sources. This gives all the benefits of the
perspective mapping but avoids the problems inherent in
perspective shadow mapping like singularities in
post-perspective space, missed shadow casters etc.
Furthermore, we show that both uniform and perspective
shadow maps distribute the perspective aliasing error that
occurs in shadow mapping unequally over the available
z-range. We therefore propose a transform that equalizes
this error and gives equally pleasing results for near and
far viewing distances. Our method is simple to implement,
requires no scene analysis and is therefore as fast as
uniform shadow mapping.",
month = jun,
isbn = "3-905673-12-6",
publisher = "Eurographics Association",
organization = "Eurographics",
location = "Norrk\"{o}ping, Sweden",
editor = "Alexander Keller and Henrik W. Jensen",
booktitle = "Rendering Techniques 2004 (Proceedings Eurographics
Symposium on Rendering)",
pages = "143--151",
keywords = "shadows, real-time rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/Wimmer-2004-LSPM/",
}
@inproceedings{Wilkie-2004-AMS,
title = "An Analytical Model for Skylight Polarisation",
author = "Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler and Christiane
Ulbricht and Georg Zotti and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
abstract = "Under certain circumstances the polarisation state of the
illumination can have a significant influence on the
appearance of scenes; outdoor scenes with specular surfaces
-- such as water bodies or windows -- under clear, blue
skies are good examples of such environments. In cases like
that it can be essential to use a polarising renderer if a
true prediction of nature is intended, but so far no
polarising skylight models have been presented. This
paper presents a plausible analytical model for the
polarisation of the light emitted from a clear sky. Our
approach is based on a suitable combination of several
components with well-known characteristics, and yields
acceptable results in considerably less time than an
exhaustive simulation of the underlying atmospheric
scattering phenomena would require.",
month = jun,
isbn = "3-905673-12-6",
publisher = "?",
editor = "Alexander Keller and Henrik Wann Jensen ",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Eurographics Symposium on Rendering",
pages = "387--399",
keywords = "skylight rendering, polarisation",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/Wilkie-2004-AMS/",
}
@inproceedings{matkovic-2004-tang,
title = "Tangible Image Query",
author = "Kresimir Matkovic and Thomas Psik and Ina Wagner and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
abstract = "This paper introduces a tangible user interface for browsing
and retrieving images from an image database. The basis for
the query to the image database is a color layout sketch,
which is used by the underlying query algorithm to find the
best matches. The users are provided with colored cubes of
various sizes (1.5 to 4 cm) and colors (8 base colors). The
users can place and arrange the colored cubes on a small
table to create a color layout sketch. Multiple users can
use this interface to collaborate in an image query. To
evaluate the benefits of the interface, it is compared to a
traditional GUI application in which the users use a mouse
to create a color layout sketch.",
month = may,
publisher = "Springer",
location = "Banff, Canada",
booktitle = "Proceedings of Smart Graphics 2004",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/matkovic-2004-tang/",
}
@inproceedings{neumann-2004-ipm,
title = "Interactive Perception Based Model for Characterization of
Display device",
author = "Attila Neumann and Alessandro Artusi and Georg Zotti and
L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
abstract = "This paper describes a simple to use, yet accurate way to
obtain the Tone Reproduction Curve (TRC) of display devices
without the use of a measurement device. Human vision is
used to compare a series of dithered color patches against
interactively changeable homogeneously colored display
areas. Results comparing this method with spectrophotometer
measurements are given for three monitors.",
month = jan,
isbn = "0819451967",
organization = "IST&SPIE",
location = "San Jose, California, USA",
booktitle = "Color Imaging IX: Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications IX",
keywords = "Display Measurement, Human Visual System",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/neumann-2004-ipm/",
}
@misc{meseth-2004-hqr,
title = "High Quality Rendering of Reflectance Data",
author = "Jan Meseth and Gero M\"{u}ller and Mirko Sattler and Ralf
Sarlette and Alessandro Artusi and Alexander Wilkie and
Georg Zotti and Klein Reinhard and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
abstract = "The tutorial will introduce the basic terminology, show
techniques for acquisition of reflectance properties of both
synthetic and real-world materials, present common
representations for reflectance properties and will
elaborate on rendering techniques both for real-time and
offline applications. While the tutorial gives an overview
over existing techniques for most aspects, selected topics
will be described in much more detail. In addition to
describing acquisition, storage and rendering of reflectance
properties, related areas will be covered. In fact,
texturing and parameterization, texture- and BTF synthesis
and tone mapping represent techniques which are inevitable
to achieve really photorealistic results and are therefore
required by every system that aims at using reflectance
properties. Here, as well, an overview over the research
areas will be given, existing techniques will de described
and selected topics will be elaborated on in more detail. ",
note = "Tutorial auf CGI 2004",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/meseth-2004-hqr/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2004-asp,
title = "Aspekte der Echtzeit-Computergraphik",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
event = "Klassensitzung der mathematisch- naturwissenschaftlichen
Klasse der \"{O}sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften",
location = "Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/purgathofer-2004-asp/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2004-neue,
title = "Neue Methoden f\"{u}r Computergraphik in Echtzeit",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
event = "Erste \"{O}sterreichische Forschungstage",
location = "Vienna, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/purgathofer-2004-neue/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2004-some,
title = "Some Commercial VR/AR Project",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
event = "CONVR 2004",
location = "Lisbon, Portugal",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/purgathofer-2004-some/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2004-comp,
title = "Computer Graphics at the Vienna University of Technology",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
event = "Eurographics' 2004",
location = "Grenoble, France",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/purgathofer-2004-comp/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-2004-real,
title = "Real- time Rendering Algorithms",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2004",
event = "CGI' 2004",
location = "Crete, Greece",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2004/purgathofer-2004-real/",
}
@article{Havran-2003-Onc,
title = "On comparing ray shooting algorithms",
author = "Vlastimil Havran and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2003",
journal = "Computers & Graphics",
number = "4",
volume = "27",
pages = "593--604",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2003/Havran-2003-Onc/",
}
@xmascard{xmas-2003,
title = "X-Mas 2003",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Alexander Wilkie",
year = "2003",
abstract = "25 Jahre Computergraphik an der TU Wien Geschichte ist eng
mit Personen verbunden. Die Geschichte der Computergraphik
an der Technischen Universit\"{a}t Wien begann
unabh\"{a}ngig voneinander an zwei Instituten. In beiden
F\"{a}llen entstanden die ersten Diplomarbeiten im Jahr
1978. Eine Initiative begann mit Johann Wei{\ss}, der sich
mit dem Tracken von Lichtstiften besch\"{a}ftigte, und Georg
Stonawski, der eine Diplomarbeit \"{u}ber GKS schrieb. Die
zweite Initiative kam von Prof. Wilhelm Barth, der die zwei
Diplomanden Emanuel Wenger und Edwin Scherzer die
Programmiersprache Pascal um graphische Elemente erweitern
lie{\ss}. Im Jahr 1980 begann Werner Purgathofer zusammen
mit einigen anderen bei Prof. Barth als Assistent und
schloss 1984 seine Dissertation ab. Anschlie{\ss}end baute
er zusammen mit Michael Gervautz und anderen eine
Computergraphik-Arbeitsgruppe auf, die haupts\"{a}chlich im
Bereich Rendering aktiv war. Als Werner Purgathofer 1988
Professor wurde, stellte er M. Eduard Gr\"{o}ller ein, der
die Arbeitsgruppe f\"{u}r Visualisierung gr\"{u}ndete. 1990
wurde das Institut in "Institut f\"{u}r Computergraphik"
umbenannt, 1991 organisierte die Gruppe die Jahrestagung der
Eurographics in der Wiener Hofburg. Bald danach begann
Michael Gervautz im Bereich Virtual Reality zu forschen,
woraufhin er 1998 die Spinoff-Firma "Imagination"
gr\"{u}ndete und Dieter Schmalstieg die Leitung der Virtual
Reality-Gruppe \"{u}bernahm. Anfang 2000 gr\"{u}ndete das
Institut zusammen mit anderen ein Kompetenzzentrum f\"{u}r
Virtual Reality und Visualisierung (VRVis), in dem jetzt
Georg Stonawski Gesch\"{a}ftsf\"{u}hrer und Helwig Hauser
wissenschaftlicher Direktor sind. Nach diesen 25 Jahren
arbeiten heute in Wien mehr als 100 Personen im Bereich
innovativer Computergraphik. Die Karte wurde unter
Verwendung von Adobe Illustrator und Photoshop auf einem
Apple iBook produziert. F\"{u}r die Farbkalibration des bei
der Herstellung der physischen Karten verwendeten Druckers
wurde die Software ProfileMaker von Gretag Macbeth
verwendet. Idee: Werner Purgathofer Bilder: Der Meister,
Emanuel Wenger, Michael Gervautz, Robert F. Tobler, Michael
Feda, Christoph Traxler, Michael Wimmer, Alexander Wilkie,
Helwig Hauser, Anton L. Fuhrmann und das Kollektiv der
Visualisierungsgruppe Herstellung: Alexander Wilkie 25
Years of Computer Graphics at the TU Vienna History is
strongly connected to people. The history of Computer
Graphics at the Vienna University of Technology began
independently at two institutes. In both cases the first
diploma theses were written in 1978. One initiative was
started by Johann Weiss, who implemented the tracking of a
light pen, and Georg Stonawski, who wrote a thesis about
GKS. The second initiative was by Prof. Wilhelm Barth, who
worked with the two diploma students Emanuel Wenger and
Edwin Scherzer on extending the programming language Pascal
with graphical elements. Amongst others, Werner Purgathofer
started to work as an assistant of Prof. Barth in 1980, and
finished his PhD in 1984. Together with Michael Gervautz and
other colleagues, he then built up a Computer Graphics group
that was active mainly in the area of Rendering. When Werner
Purgathofer became Professor in 1988, he employed M. Eduard
Gr\"{o}ller, who in turn founded a Visualisation research
group. In 1990 the institute was renamed to "Institute of
Computer Graphics", in 1991 the group organized the annual
Eurographics conference in the Vienna Hofburg. Soon after
that, Michael Gervautz started research in the area of
Virtual Reality, which led to the founding of the spin-off
company "Imagination" in 1998. Since then, the Virtual
Reality group was led by Dieter Schmalstieg. Together with
others, the institute created a competence center for
Virtual Reality and Visualisation (VRVis) in January 2000,
of which Georg Stonawski is the CEO and Helwig Hauser is the
scientific director. After these 25 years, there are now
more than 100 people in Vienna working in the field of
innovative Computer Graphics. The card was produced using
Adobe Illustrator and Photoshop on an Apple iBook. The
colour calibration of the printer used for the production of
the pysical cards was performed using Gretag Macbeth
ProfileMaker software. Idea: Werner Purgathofer Images by:
The Master, Emanuel Wenger, Michael Gervautz, Robert F.
Tobler, Michael Feda, Christoph Traxler, Michael Wimmer,
Alexander Wilkie, Helwig Hauser, Anton L. Fuhrmann and the
collective of the Visualisation group Production: Alexander
Wilkie ",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2003/xmas-2003/",
}
@inproceedings{neumann-2002-globcon,
title = "The Global Contrast Factor",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Kresimir Matkovic and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2002",
month = nov,
organization = "University of Gavle",
location = "Gavle, Sweden",
editor = "E. Carling, A. Hast",
booktitle = "Seminar on Computer Graphics and Visualization",
pages = "108--119",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/neumann-2002-globcon/",
}
@techreport{Hey-2001-Imp,
title = "Real-Time Rendering of Globally Illuminated Soft Glossy
Scenes With Directional Light Maps",
author = "Heinrich Hey and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2002",
abstract = "Directional light maps allow to display globally illuminated
static scenes with soft glossy surfaces at interactive
frame-rates. They store the spatially and directionally
varying incoming light at a surface in form of textures for
a global set of incoming light directions. The directional
light maps can be generated in a photon tracing
preprocessing step. During a walkthrough they are used to
render the globally illuminated surfaces with graphics
hardware.",
month = mar,
number = "TR-186-2-02-05",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "light map, hardware acceleration, interactive walkthrough,
glossy surface, global illumination, real-time rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/Hey-2001-Imp/",
}
@techreport{kanitsar-2002-Chr,
title = "Christmas Tree Case Study: Computed Tomography as a Tool for
Mastering Complex Real World Objects with Applications in
Computer Graphics",
author = "Armin Kanitsar and Thomas Theu{\ss}l and Lukas Mroz and
Milo\v{s} \v{S}r\'{a}mek and Anna Vilanova i Bartroli and
Bal\'{a}zs Cs\'{e}bfalvi and Ji\v{r}\'{i} Hlad\r{u}vka and
Stefan Guthe and Michael Knapp and Rainer Wegenkittl and
Petr Felkel and Dominik Fleischmann and Werner Purgathofer
and Eduard Gr\"{o}ller",
year = "2002",
abstract = "We report on using computed tomography (CT) as a model
acquisition tool for complex objects in computer graphics.
Unlike other modeling and scanning techniques the complexity
of the object is irrelevant in CT, which naturally enables
to model objects with, for example, concavities, holes,
twists or fine surface details. Once the data is scanned,
one can apply post-processing techniques aimed at its
further enhancement, modification or presentation. For
demonstration purposes we chose to scan a Christmas tree
which exhibits high complexity which is difficult or even
impossible to handle with other techniques. However, care
has to be taken to achieve good scanning results with CT.
Further, we illustrate the post-processing by means of data
segmentation and photorealistic as well as
non-photorealistic surface and volume rendering
techniques.",
month = mar,
number = "TR-186-2-02-07",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "volume visualization, computed tomography, modeling",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/kanitsar-2002-Chr/",
}
@inproceedings{Devlin-2002-STA,
title = "STAR Report on Tone Reproduction and Physically Based
Spectral Rendering",
author = "K. Devlin and A. Chalmers and Alexander Wilkie and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2002",
booktitle = "Eurographics 2002",
publisher = "Eurographics Association",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/Devlin-2002-STA/",
}
@article{Hey-2002-Adv,
title = "Advanced radiance Estimation for Photon Map Global
Illumination",
author = "Heinrich Hey and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2002",
journal = "Computer Graphics Forum",
volume = "21",
number = "3",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/Hey-2002-Adv/",
}
@inproceedings{matkovic-2002-visual,
title = "Visual Image Query",
author = "Kresimir Matkovic and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Johannes
Sieglaer and Martin Kompast and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2002",
booktitle = "Smart Graphics 2002",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2002/matkovic-2002-visual/",
}
@techreport{wilkie-2001-crp,
title = "Combined Rendering of Polarization and Fluorescence Effects",
author = "Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2001",
abstract = "We propose a practicable way to include both polarization
and fluorescence effects in a rendering system at the same
time. Previous research in this direction only demonstrated
support for either one of these phenomena; using both
effects simultaneously was so far not possible, mainly
because the techniques for the treatment of polarized light
were complicated and required rendering systems written
specifically for this task. The key improvement over
previous work is that we use a different, more easily
handled formalism for the description of polarization state,
which also enables us to include fluorescence effects in a
natural fashion. Moreover, all of our proposals are
straightforward extensions to a conventional spectral
rendering system.",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-01-11",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "predictive rendering, fluorescence, polarization",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/wilkie-2001-crp/",
}
@techreport{Hey-2001-ReaX,
title = "Real-Time Occlusion Culling With A Lazy Occlusion Grid",
author = "Heinrich Hey and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2001",
abstract = "We present a new conservative image-based occlusion culling
method to increase the speed of hardware accelerated
rendering of very complex general scenes which may consist
of millions of polygons without time-expensive
preprocessing. The method is based on a low-resolution grid
upon a conventional z-buffer or an occlusion-buffer. This
grid is updated in a lazy manner which reduces the number of
expensive occlusion queries at pixel-level significantly
compared to a busy update. It allows fast decisions if an
object is occluded or potentially visible. The grid is used
together with a bounding volume hierarchy that is traversed
in a front to back order and which allows to cull large
parts of the scene at once. We show that the method works
efficiently on today´s available hardware and we compare
lazy and busy updates.",
month = jan,
number = "TR-186-2-01-02",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "hardware accelerated rendering, real-time rendering,
visibility, occlusion culling",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Hey-2001-ReaX/",
}
@techreport{Hey-2001-Glo,
title = "Global Illumination with Photon Map Compensation",
author = "Heinrich Hey and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2001",
abstract = "We present a new method for the simulation of global
illumination by utilization of a photon map. It uses an
advanced radiance estimation which, in contrast to classical
nearest neighbor area estimation, does not assume that the
nearest neighbor photons lie in one plane or that they are
uniformly distributed around the illuminated point. This
allows us to correcly handle indirect illumination, eg.
caustics, at edges and corners of objects without causing
illumination artefacts in the vicinity of the edges and
corners. We show how high quality results can be achieved by
directly visualizing this illumination estimate without the
usual low frequency noise of photon maps and without
requiring a very large photon map.",
month = jan,
number = "TR-186-2-01-04",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "radiance estimation, photon map, global illumination",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Hey-2001-Glo/",
}
@techreport{Hey-2001-ImpX,
title = "Importance Sampling with Hemispherical Particle Footprints",
author = "Heinrich Hey and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2001",
abstract = "We present a new importance sampling technique for
stochastic ray-based global illumination methods. It allows
to enhance the efficiency of global illumination
calculations in general scenes with complex illumination
settings by selecting preferably those sampling or shooting
directions which yield a high contribution. The probability
density functions for this are generated with a photon map
or importance map that represents the expected contribution.
A direction for a given point in the scene is selected by
making directional footprints of the nearest neighbor
particles onto the hemisphere of the point. By selecting the
radii of the footprints adaptively according to the
directional density of the particles, rays can be shot
precisely into highly contributing regions where several
particles come from in a small solid angle. We compare our
new technique with existing particle map based importance
sampling and show that our new technique achieves a
considerably lower level of noise and spots in the same
computation time.",
month = jan,
number = "TR-186-2-01-05",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "importance map, photon map, particle map, importance
sampling",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Hey-2001-ImpX/",
}
@misc{Hey-2001-Occ,
title = "Occlusion Culling Methods",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Heinrich Hey",
year = "2001",
note = "State of the Art Report at Eurographics'01, Manchester,
U.K., Sept. 2001",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Hey-2001-Occ/",
}
@misc{Faisstnauer-2001-Con,
title = "Construction of an Open Geometry Server for Client Server
Virtual Environments",
author = "J.-D. Gascuel and Werner Purgathofer and Christian
Faisstnauer and Michael Gervautz",
year = "2001",
note = "Proceedings of the IEEE VR 2001 conference, pp. 105-112,
Yokohama, Japan, 2001",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Faisstnauer-2001-Con/",
}
@misc{Wilkie-2001-Com,
title = "Combined Rendering of Polarization and Fluorescence Effects",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "2001",
note = "In Rendering Techniques'01 (proceedings of Eurographics
Workshop on Rendering 2001), June 2001, Springer- Verlag,
Wien, 2001",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Wilkie-2001-Com/",
}
@article{Wilkie-2001-Ori,
title = "Orientation Lightmaps for Photon Radiosity in Complex
Environments",
author = "Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2001",
abstract = "We present a method that makes the use of photon tracing
methods feasible for complex scenes when a totally accurate
solution is not essential. This is accomplished by using
orientation lightmaps, which average the illumination of
complex objects depending on the surface normal. Through
this averaging, they considerably reduce the variance of the
stochastic solution. In order to use these specialised
lightmaps, which consume comparatively small amounts of
memory, no changes have to be made to the basic
photon-tracing algorithm. Also, they can be freely mixed
with normal lightmaps. This gives the user good control over
the amount of inaccuracy he introduces by their application.
The area computations necessary for their insertion are
performed using a stochastic sampling method that performs
well for highly complex objects.",
journal = "The Visual Computer",
note = "In The Visual Computer, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 318-327,
Springer, Heidelberg, 2001",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Wilkie-2001-Ori/",
}
@misc{Schmalstieg-2001-Aug,
title = "Augmented Reality: The Interface is Everywhere",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Anton Fuhrmann
and Gerd Hesina and Zsolt Szalav\'{a}ri and Michael Gervautz
and L. Miguel Encarna\c{c}\~{a}o",
year = "2001",
note = "SIGGRAPH 2001 Course Notes #27, Los Angeles, USA, ACM Press,
August 2001",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Schmalstieg-2001-Aug/",
}
@misc{Hey-2001-Rea,
title = "Real-Time Occlusion Culling with a Lazy Occlusion Grid",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Heinrich Hey and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "2001",
note = "In Rendering Techniques'01 (proceedings of Eurographics
Workshop on Rendering 2001, June 2001), Springer-Verlag,
Wien, 2001",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Hey-2001-Rea/",
}
@article{Brusi-2001-Opt,
title = "Optimal Ray Shooting in Monte Carlo Radiosity",
author = "A. Brusi and Mateu Sbert and Philippe Bekaert and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2001",
journal = "Computers&Graphics",
volume = "26",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Brusi-2001-Opt/",
}
@misc{Faisstnauer-2001-Sch,
title = "Scheduling for Virtual Environments and Games Using
Visibilities and Priorities",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Christian
Faisstnauer",
year = "2001",
note = "SCS Transactions, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 73-82, 2001",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2001/Faisstnauer-2001-Sch/",
}
@techreport{Schm-2000-Stb,
title = "The Studierstube Augmented Reality Project",
author = "Dieter Schmalstieg and Anton Fuhrmann and Gerd Hesina and
Zsolt Szalav\'{a}ri and L. Miguel Encarna\c{c}\~{a}o and
Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2000",
abstract = "This paper describes Studierstube, an augmented reality
system developed over the past four years at Vienna
University of Technology, Austria, in extensive
collaboration with Fraunhofer CRCG, Inc. in Providence,
Rhode Island, U.S. Our starting point for developing the
Studierstube system was the belief that augmented reality,
the less obtrusive cousin of virtual reality, has a better
chance of becoming a viable user interface for applications
requiring manipulation of complex three-dimensional
information as a daily routine. In essence, we are searching
for a 3D user interface metaphor as powerful as the desktop
metaphor for 2D. At the heart of the Studierstube system,
collaborative augmented reality is used to embed
computer-generated images into the real work environment. In
the first part of this paper, we review the user interface
of the initial Studierstube system, in particular the
implementation of collaborative augmented reality, and the
Personal Interaction Panel, a two-handed interface for
interaction with the system. In the second part, an extended
Studierstube system based on a heterogeneous distributed
architecture is presented. This system allows the user to
combine multiple approaches--augmented reality, projection
displays, ubiquitous computing--to the interface as needed.
The environment is controlled by the Personal Interaction
Panel, a two-handed pen-and-pad interface, which has
versatile uses for interacting with the virtual environment.
Studierstube also borrows elements from the desktop, such as
multi-tasking and multi-windowing. The resulting software
architecture resembles in some ways what could be called an
augmented reality operating system. The presentation is
complemented by selected application
examples.",
month = dec,
number = "TR-186-2-00-22",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "three-dimensional user interface, two-handed interaction,
computer supported cooperative work, distributed virtual
environment, ubiquitious computing, user interface,
augmented reality",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Schm-2000-Stb/",
}
@techreport{Havran-2000-Com,
title = "Comparison Methodology for Ray Shooting Algorithms",
author = "Vlastimil Havran and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2000",
abstract = "In this paper we deal with a methodology for comparing
various ray shooting algorithms for a set of experiments
performed on a set of scenes. We develop a computation model
for ray shooting algorithms, which allows us to map of any
particular ray shooting algorithm to the computation model.
Further, we develop a performance model for ray shooting
algorithms, which establishes the correspondence between the
computation model and the execution time of the ray shooting
algorithm for a sequence of ray shooting queries. Based on
the computation and performance models, we propose a set of
parameters describing the use of a ray shooting algorithm in
applications. This allows us to make a fair comparison of
various ray shooting algorithms for the same set of input
data, i.e., the same scene and the same sequence of ray
shooting queries, but virtually independently of the
hardware and the implementation issues. Under certain
conditions, the proposed comparison methodology enables to
perform cross-comparison of published research work without
reimplementing other ray shooting
algorithms.",
month = nov,
number = "TR-186-2-00-20",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "ray-tracing, best efficiency scheme, acceleration schemes,
spatial subdivision, ray-shooting",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Havran-2000-Com/",
}
@techreport{Havran-2000-SCR,
title = "Statistical Comparison of Ray-Shooting Efficiency Schemes",
author = "Vlastimil Havran and Jan Prikryl and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "2000",
abstract = "In this report we present an experimental efficiency study
of spatial subdivision schemes for ray-shooting
acceleration. Presented results are part of our effort to
find the long-discussed best efficiency scheme from the
statistical point of view. We propose four testing
procedures evaluating the ray-shooting algorithm properties.
We use these methods to produce hardware independent
statistics for different ray-shooting acceleration schemes
that have been reimplemented following the published
literature. We define the the minimal set of parameters to
be reported as well as scene invariants, parameters that
stay the same regardless of the acceleration scheme used.
The main results of first 1440 measurements for 30 scenes
from the SPD database and 12 acceleration methods are
reported. We also attempt to outline a method that suggests
the most suitable acceleration scheme based on the scene
complexity analysis of a given scene.",
month = may,
number = "TR-186-2-00-14",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "ray-tracing, best efficiency scheme, acceleration schemes,
spatial subdivision, ray-shooting",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Havran-2000-SCR/",
}
@techreport{Faisst-2000-VPRR,
title = "Scheduling for Very Large Virtual Environments and Networked
Games Using Visibility and Priorities",
author = "Christian Faisstnauer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "2000",
abstract = "The problem of network bandwidth limitations is encountered
in almost any distributed virtual environment or networked
game. In a typical client-server setup, where the virtual
world is managed by a server and replicated by connected
clients which visualize the scene, the server must
repeatedly transmit update messages to the clients. By
employing visibility information, the number of messages
transmitted over the network can be reduced by sending each
client only update messages for objects which are visible
from the viewpoint of the client. A naïve approach requires
to examine visibility between pairs of objects and leads to
a quadratic effort in the number of objects, substantially
affecting the scalability of such environments. This paper
presents a technique that allows the server to manage the
transmission of update messages for each client with a
constant overhead, reducing overall computational cost to a
linear effort. We show how the server can employ visibility
information to schedule all objects using the Priority
Round-Robin algorithm. This algorithm is further enhanced
with activity monitoring that provides a graceful
degradation of the system's performance, even if the
behavior of objects is unpredictable. This makes the
algorithm suited to schedule update messages regarding
server-controlled objects as well as user-controlled
avatars.",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-00-09",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "Visibility, Scheduling, Distributed Systems, Networking,
Virtual Environments",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Faisst-2000-VPRR/",
}
@misc{Faisstnauer-2000-Prio,
title = "Priority Scheduling for Networked Virtual Environments",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Christian
Faisstnauer",
year = "2000",
note = "In IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, VOl. 20(6), pp.
66-75, November 2000",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Faisstnauer-2000-Prio/",
}
@misc{Tobler-2000-Hie,
title = "Hierarchical Stochastic Radiosity for Implicitly Defined
Surfaces",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "2000",
note = "In Machine Graphics & Vision, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp.561-571,
2000",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Tobler-2000-Hie/",
}
@misc{Faisstnauer-2000-Pri,
title = "Priority Round-Robin Scheduling for Very Large Virtual
Environments",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Christian
Faisstnauer",
year = "2000",
note = "Proceedings of IEEE VR'2000, pp. 135-142, NEw Brunswick, NJ,
2000 (honorable mention in best paper award selection)",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Faisstnauer-2000-Pri/",
}
@misc{Faisstnauer-2000-Sch,
title = "Scheduling for very large Virtual Environments and Networked
Games using Visibility and Priorities",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Christian
Faisstnauer",
year = "2000",
note = "In Proceedings of the DIS-RT 2000 conference, pp. 31-38, San
Francisco, CA, 2000",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Faisstnauer-2000-Sch/",
}
@misc{Fuhrmann-2000-Pra,
title = "Practical Calibration Procedures for Augmented Reality",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Anton Fuhrmann",
year = "2000",
note = "In Environments'2000, pp. 3-12, Springer-Verlag, Wien, 2000",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Fuhrmann-2000-Pra/",
}
@misc{Prikryl-2000-Imp,
title = "Importance-Driven Hierarchical Stochastic Ray Radiosity",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Jan Prikryl and Philippe Bekaert",
year = "2000",
note = "In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference in
Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and
Interactive Digital Media'2000 (ed. V. Skala), vol.short
comm. pp. 100-106, University of West Bohemia, Czech
Republic, February 2000",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Prikryl-2000-Imp/",
}
@misc{Wilkie-2000-Ray,
title = "Raytracing of Dispersion Effects",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "2000",
note = "In Proceedings of WSCG2000, Plzen, Czech Republic, February
2000",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/2000/Wilkie-2000-Ray/",
}
@techreport{Hladuvka-2000-CTF,
title = "Overview of Perceptually-Driven Radiosity Methods",
author = "Jan Prikryl and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "Despite its popularity among researchers the radiosity
method still suffers of some disadvantages over other global
illumination methods. Besides the fact that the original
method allows only for solving the global illumination of
environments consisting of purely diffuse surfaces, the
method is rather computationally demanding. In the search
for possible speed-up techniques one of the possibilities is
to take also the characteristic features of the human visual
system. Being aware of how the human visual perception
works, one may compute the radiosity solution to lower
accuracy in terms of physically based error metrics, but
being sure that the physically correct solution won't bring
any improvements in the image for the human observer. In
the following report we briefly summarize achievements in
the radiosity research in the past years and present the
state of the art in perceptual approaches used in computer
graphics nowadays. We will give an overview of known
tone-mapping and perceptually-based image comparison
techniques that can be used in the scope of the radiosity
method to further speed up the computational process. In the
second part of the report we concentrate on known radiosity
methods that already use these perceptual approaches to
predict different visible errors of the result of the
radiosity computation. We will not speak about
importance-driven radiosity solutions, as those methods are
based on using geometric visibility rather than on using
human perception-aware techniques.",
month = dec,
number = "TR-186-2-99-26",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "perception, image difference, tone-mapping, radiosity",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Hladuvka-2000-CTF/",
}
@techreport{Prikryl-1999-PDT,
title = "Importance-Driven Hierarchical Stochastic Ray Radiosity",
author = "Jan Prikryl and Philippe Bekaert and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "We present a hierarchical Monte-Carlo radiosity algorithm
driven by the view importance. Using this quantity it is
possible to concentrate the computational effort on solution
in the immediate environment of the observer, trading the
low solution quality in invisible areas for better quality
in areas that are visible for the observer. This is achieved
by modifying the sampling probabilities of scene elements so
that more samples are concentrated in the area of high
importance and by extending the subdivision oracle function
so that the subdivision is coarser in areas of low
importance.",
month = oct,
number = "TR-186-2-99-22",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "view potential, view importance, hierarchical refinement,
hierarchy, radiosity, Monte-Carlo",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Prikryl-1999-PDT/",
}
@techreport{Faisstnauer-1999-Pri,
title = "Priority Round-Robin Scheduling for Very Large Virtual
Environments",
author = "Christian Faisstnauer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "In virtual environments containing a very large number of
objects, the limited amount of available resources often
proves to be a bottleneck, causing a competition for those
resources – for example network bandwidth, processing
power or the rendering pipeline. This leads to a degradation
of the system’s performance, as only a small number of
elements can be granted the resource required. In this paper
we present a generic scheduling algorithm that allows to
achieve a graceful degradation; it is output sensitive,
minimizes the risk of starvation and enforces priorities
based on a freely definable error metric. Hence it can be
employed in virtual environments of almost any size, to
schedule elements which are competing for a determined
resource, because of a bottleneck.",
month = aug,
number = "TR-186-2-99-18",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "LOD, graceful degradation, very large virtual environments,
round robin, priority, output sensitive, scheduling",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Faisstnauer-1999-Pri/",
}
@techreport{Mastal-1999-RadX,
title = "Radiosity for Large Vegetation Scenes",
author = "Helmut Mastal and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "Calculating radiosity solutions for large scenes containing
multiple plants is all but impossible using the radiosity
method in its original form. With the introduction of
sophisticated hierarchical and clustering algorithms
radiosity for vegetation scenes becomes a solvable
challenge. The precomputation of the diffuse light
distribution in leaf canopies of forests and other plants
can be used to calculate realistic images, but also for
agricultural planning purposes. This state of the art report
gives an overview of the methods that can, and have been,
used to calculate global illumination in vegetation scenes,
including hierarchical methods, statistical methods based
on simplifications, and specialized methods that have been
optimized to handle scenes with a dense, non-isotropic
distribution of objects such as canopies. ",
month = jun,
number = "TR-186-2-99-17",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "vegetation scenes, natural phenomena, global illumination,
radiosity",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mastal-1999-RadX/",
}
@techreport{Hes-1999-,
title = "Distributed Open Inventor: A Practical Approach to
Distributed 3D Graphics",
author = "Gerd Hesina and Dieter Schmalstieg and Anton Fuhrmann and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "Distributed Open Inventor is an extension to the popular
Open Inventor toolkit for interactive 3D graphics. The
toolkit is extended with the concept of a distributed shared
scene graph, similar to distributed shared memory. From the
application programmer's perspective, multiple workstations
share a common scene graph. The proposed system introduces a
convenient mechanism for writing distributed graphical
applications based on a popular tool in an almost
transparent manner. Local variations in the scene graph
allow for a wide range of possible applications, and local
low latency interaction mechanisms called input streams
together with a sophisticated networking architecture enable
high performance while saving the programmer from network
peculiarities.",
month = may,
number = "TR-186-2-99-15",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "virtual reality, computer supported cooperative work,
distributed virtual environment, scene graph, concurrent
programming, Distributed graphics",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Hes-1999-/",
}
@techreport{Fuhr-1999-Cal,
title = "Fast Calibration for Augmented Reality",
author = "Anton Fuhrmann and Dieter Schmalstieg and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "Augmented Reality overlays computer generated images over
the real world. To correctly depict spatial relations
between real and virtual objects, these images have to be
generated using transformations which correctly project a
point in virtual space onto its corresponding point in the
real world. This requires precise knowledge of the viewing
projection of the head-mounted display (HMD) and its
position. Methods to calibrate the projection parameters of
the virtual cameras to that of the HMD have been presented
in previous work. Most of these methods are complicated or
use special equipment for the calibration process. We
present a simple and fast calibration scheme, which does not
require additional instrumentation or complicated
procedures. This allows us to calibrate HMDs for specific
users. The calibration process is presented to the user as
interactively guided initialization step, which enables even
inexperienced users to adapt the calibration to their eye
distance and head geometry. The calibration is stable -
meaning that slight errors made by the user do not result in
gross miscalibrations - and applicable for see-through and
video-based HMDs. Additionally we show a method for
correcting the distortions introduced by the camera lens in
real-time using standard OpenGL hardware and for registering
tracked objects to their augmentations.",
month = may,
number = "TR-186-2-99-16",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "head-mounted displays, tracking, distortion, registration,
calibration, Augmented reality",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Fuhr-1999-Cal/",
}
@techreport{wilkie-1999-ORI,
title = "Orientation Lightmaps for Photon Radiosity in Complex
Environments",
author = "Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "We present a method that makes the use of photon radiosity
methods feasi ble for complex scenes when a totally accurate
solution is not essential. This is accompl ished by using
{\em orientation lightmaps}, which average the illumination
of complex obj ects depending on the surface normal. Through
this averaging, they considerably reduce th e variance of
the stochastic solution. For the use of these specialised
lightmaps, which consume comparatively small amounts of
memory, no changes have to be made to the actual p hoton
tracing algorithm. Also, they can be freely mixed with
normal lightmaps and inserte d at any point in the scene
description graph. This gives the user good control over the
amount of inaccuracy he introduces by their application. The
area computations necessary for their insertion are
performed using a stochastic sampling method that performs
well f or highly complex objects.",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-99-11",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "lightmaps, complex scenes, photon radiosity, global
illumination",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/wilkie-1999-ORI/",
}
@techreport{Hey-1999-Laz,
title = "Lazy Occlusion Grid Culling",
author = "Heinrich Hey and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "THIS TECHNICAL REPORT IS OUTDATED AND HAS BEEN SUPERSEDED BY
TR-186-2-01-02. We present Lazy Occlusion Grid Culling, a
new image-based occlusion culling technique for rendering of
very large scenes which can be of general type. It is based
on a low-resolution grid that is updated in a lazy manner
and that allows fast decisions if an object is occluded or
visible together with a hierarchical scene-representation to
cull large parts of the scene at once. It is
hardware-accelerateable and it works efficiently even on
systems where pixel-based occlusion testing is
implemented in software.",
month = mar,
number = "TR-186-2-99-12",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "real-time rendering, hardware acceleration, image-based,
visibility, occlusion culling",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Hey-1999-Laz/",
}
@techreport{Prikryl-1999-PDTX,
title = "Perceptually-Driven Termination for Stochastic
Radiosity",
author = "Jan Prikryl and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
abstract = "This technical report presents a heuristic
perceptually-based termination criterion for a stochastic
radiosity algorithms. The proposed criterion makes it
possible to terminate the iterative radiosity simulation as
soon as any further changes of the radiosity solution are
predicted not to be noticed by the human observer. We use
tone mapping operators and perceptually uniform CIE L*u*v*
colour space to arrive at the difference of displayed
values. In order to decide when to stop the iterations of
the radiosity method, we evaluate the least squares fit
of a power function to the error distribution
data.",
month = jan,
number = "TR-186-2-99-01",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "termination prediction, radiosity, human perception",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Prikryl-1999-PDTX/",
}
@misc{Mastal-1999-Rad,
title = "Radiosity Calculations for Rotational Surfaces.",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler and Helmut Mastal",
year = "1999",
note = "Proceedings of WSCG´99, pp. 186-193, Univ.of Plzen, 1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mastal-1999-Rad/",
}
@misc{Fuhrmann-1999-Fas,
title = "Fast Calibration for Augmented Reality.",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Anton Fuhrmann",
year = "1999",
note = "Proceedings of ACM Virtual Reality Software & Technology '99
(VRST'99), pp. 166-167, London, December 20-22, 1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Fuhrmann-1999-Fas/",
}
@misc{Prikryl-1999-Per,
title = "Perceptually Driven Termination for Stochastic Radiosity.",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Jan Prikryl",
year = "1999",
note = "Proceedings of WSCG´99, pp. 418-425, Univ.of Plzen, 1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Prikryl-1999-Per/",
}
@misc{Szirmay-1999-Imp,
title = "Importance Driven Quasi-Random Walk Solution of the
Rendering Equation.",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Szirmay-Kalos and
Bal\'{a}zs Cs\'{e}bfalvi",
year = "1999",
note = "Computers&Graphics, No.23(2),
Pergamon Press, New
York, 1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Szirmay-1999-Imp/",
}
@misc{Szirmay-1999-Qua,
title = "Quasi-Monte Carlo Global Light Tracing with Infinite Number
of Rays.",
author = "T. F\'{o}ris and Werner Purgathofer and L\'{a}szl\'{o}
Szirmay-Kalos",
year = "1999",
note = "Computers&Graphics, No.23(2),
Pergamon Press, New York,
1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Szirmay-1999-Qua/",
}
@misc{Hesina-1999-Dis,
title = "Distributed Open Inventor: A Practical Approach to
Distributed 3D Graphics.",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Dieter Schmalstieg and Anton Fuhrmann
and Gerd Hesina",
year = "1999",
note = "Proceedings of ACM Virtual Reality Software & Technology '99
(VRST'99), pp. 74-81, London,
December 20-22, 1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Hesina-1999-Dis/",
}
@misc{Mastal-1999-Radi,
title = "Radiosity for large Vegetation Scenes.",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler and Helmut Mastal",
year = "1999",
note = "State of the Art Report, Eurographics´99, Milano, Italy,
1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Mastal-1999-Radi/",
}
@misc{Purgathofer-1999-Gra,
title = "Graphische Datenverarbeitung.",
author = "Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1999",
note = "IPeter Rechenberg, Gustav Pomberger, Handbuch der
Informatik. Carl Hanser Verlag, second edition, pp. 807-854,
1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Purgathofer-1999-Gra/",
}
@misc{Wilkie-1999-ASp,
title = "A Spectral Extension to the Tagged Image File Format.",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "1999",
note = "Short Communications of The Seventh International Conference
in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualisation and
Digital Interactive Media '99, University of West Bohemia,
Pilsen, Czech Republic, February 1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Wilkie-1999-ASp/",
}
@misc{Szirmay-1999-Ana,
title = "Analysis of the Quasi-Monte Carlo Integration of the
Rendering Equation. ",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Szirmay-Kalos",
year = "1999",
note = "Proceedings of WSCG´99, pp. 281-288, Univ.of Plzen, 1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Szirmay-1999-Ana/",
}
@misc{Szirmay-1999-Ont,
title = "On the Start-up Bias Problem of Metropolis Sampling.",
author = "P. Dornbach and Werner Purgathofer and L\'{a}szl\'{o}
Szirmay-Kalos",
year = "1999",
note = "Proceedings of WSCG´99, pp. 273-280, Univ.of Plzen,1999.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1999/Szirmay-1999-Ont/",
}
@techreport{Mastal-1998-Rad,
title = "Radiosity--Calculations for Rotational Surfaces",
author = "Helmut Mastal and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1998",
abstract = "Rotational Surfaces are very important for photorealistic
representations of plants and other natural phenomena. In
this paper radiosity calculations for rotational surfaces
are presented that handle surfaces as whole objects rather
than approximating them by large numbers of plane patches.
Mathematical expressions are given for the radiance of
cylinders, cones and spheres that are ideal Lambertian
reflectors. Although there exists no complete radiosity
algorithm which uses the formulae for cylinders, cones and
spheres at the moment, it can be estimated that the number
of objects of a global illumination scene as well as the
number of interactions could be reduced dramatically.
Therefore it should be possible to render more complex
scenes with plants, like forests, in reasonable time.",
month = oct,
number = "TR-186-2-98-27",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "natural phenomena, rotational surfaces, radiosity",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Mastal-1998-Rad/",
}
@techreport{Wilkie-1998-Ase,
title = "A Spectral Extension to the Tag Image File Format",
author = "Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1998",
abstract = "We propose a simple, consistent and yet powerful extension
to the Tagged Image File Format (commonly referred to as
TIFF) that enables the user to store spectral image data.",
month = oct,
number = "TR-186-2-98-28",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "image file format, spectral rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Wilkie-1998-Ase/",
}
@techreport{Szir-1998-QMC,
title = " Analysis of the Quasi-Monte Carlo Integration of the
Rendering Equation",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Szirmay-Kalos and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1998",
abstract = "Quasi-Monte Carlo integration is said to be better than
Monte-Carlo integration since its error bound can be in the
order of $O(N^{-(1-\epsilon)})$ instead of the $O(N^{-0.5})$
probabilistic bound of classical Monte-Carlo integration if
the integrand has finite variation. However, since in
computer graphics the integrand of the rendering equation is
usually discontinous and thus has infinite variation, the
superiority of quasi-Monte Carlo integration has not been
theoretically justified. This paper examines the integration
of discontinuous functions using both theoretical arguments
and simulations and explains what kind of improvements can
be expected from the quasi-Monte Carlo techniques in
computer graphics.",
month = aug,
number = "TR-186-2-98-24",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "Hardy-Krause vari ation, quasi-Monte Carlo quadrature,
Rendering equation",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Szir-1998-QMC/",
}
@techreport{Tobler-1998-FFA,
title = "A new Form Factor Analogy and its Application to Stochastic
Global Illumination Algorithms",
author = "Robert F. Tobler and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Mateu Sbert
and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1998",
abstract = "A new form factor analogy, that has been derived from
results of integral geometry, is introduced. The new
analogy is shown to be useful for stochastic evaluation of
the local form of the rendering equation used in various
Monte Carlo methods for calculating global illumination. It
makes it possible to improve importance sampling in these
methods, thereby speeding up convergence. A new class of
bidirectional reflection distribution functions that
directly benefits from the analogy and permits exact
evaluation and calculation of correctly distributed vectors
for Monte Carlo integration is presented.",
month = jun,
number = "TR-186-2-98-33",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "Sampling, BRDF, Global Illumination",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Tobler-1998-FFA/",
}
@techreport{Kopp-1998-IDD,
title = "Interleaved Dimension Decomposition",
author = "Manfred Kopp and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1998",
abstract = "Wavelets in 2D or higher dimensions are often generated by a
decomposition scheme from 1D wavelets. There are two
decomposition schemes called the standard and the
nonstandard decomposition which are used in most
applications of higher dimensional wavelets. This paper
introduces a new decomposition method, the interleaved
dimension decomposition and compares its advantages and
disadvantages with the other decompositions. Based on the
properties of the interleaved dimension decomposition,
applications to computer graphics are sketched including
multiresolution painting, morphing in 2D and 3D, and image
compression.",
month = jan,
number = "TR-186-2-98-03",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "Wavelets, morphing, multiresolution painting, image
compression",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Kopp-1998-IDD/",
}
@misc{Kopp-1998-Int,
title = "Interleaved Dimension Decomposition - A new Decomposition
Method for Wavelets and its Application to Computer Graphics",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Manfred Kopp",
year = "1998",
note = "In proceedings of WSCG98, Plzen, 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Kopp-1998-Int/",
}
@misc{Neumann-1998-Inc,
title = "Incident Light Metering in Computer Graphics",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Attila
Neumann and Kresimir Matkovic",
year = "1998",
note = "In Computer Graphics Forum 17(4), pp. 235-247, Blackwell,
Oxford, December 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Neumann-1998-Inc/",
}
@article{Neumann-1998-Perc,
title = "Perception Based Color Image Difference",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Kresimir Matkovic and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1998",
journal = "Computer Graphics Forum",
note = "Eurographics98, Lissabon, 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Neumann-1998-Perc/",
}
@misc{Tobler-1998-ANe,
title = "A New Formfactor Analogy",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Mateu
Sbert and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "1998",
note = "In Rendering Techniques´98 (ed. G.Drettakis, N.Max),
Springer-Verlag, Wien, July 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Tobler-1998-ANe/",
}
@misc{Purgathofer-1998-Sel,
title = "Selected New Trends inScientific Visualization",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Helwig L\"{o}ffelmann",
year = "1998",
note = "Published in the Proceedings of the Sixth International
Workshop on Digital Image Processing and Computer Graphics
(SPIE DIP-97), Oct., 1997, in Vienna, Austria, pp. 130-145
(1998).",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Purgathofer-1998-Sel/",
}
@misc{Wilkie-1998-Pho,
title = "Photon Radiosity Lightmaps for CSG Solids",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "1998",
note = "In Proceedings of the CSG98 conference "CSG98 - Set
theoretic Solid Modelling Techniques and Applications",
Ammerdown, UK, April 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Wilkie-1998-Pho/",
}
@misc{Szirmay-1998-Imp,
title = "Importance Driven Quasi-Random Walk Solution of the
Rendering Equation",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Szirmay-Kalos and
Bal\'{a}zs Cs\'{e}bfalvi",
year = "1998",
note = "In proceedings of WSCG98, Plzen, 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Szirmay-1998-Imp/",
}
@misc{Szirmay-1998-Ray,
title = "Ray-bundle Tracing with Metropolis Sampling and Hardware
Acceleration",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Szirmay-Kalos",
year = "1998",
note = "In Rendering Techniques´98 (ed. G.Drettakis, N.Max),
Springer-Verlag, Wien, July 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Szirmay-1998-Ray/",
}
@misc{Leiss-1998-Rad,
title = "Radiosity with Textures, Specular Reflexion and
Transmission",
author = "T. Leiss and Werner Purgathofer and Peter Ferschin",
year = "1998",
note = "In proceedings of SCCG 98, Budmerice, April 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Leiss-1998-Rad/",
}
@misc{Neumann-1998-Aut,
title = "Automatic Exposure in Computer Graphics based on the
Minimum Information Loss Principle",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Kresimir
Matkovic",
year = "1998",
note = "In proceedings of CGI98, Hannover, Germany, 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Neumann-1998-Aut/",
}
@misc{Neumann-1998-Per,
title = "Perception Based Color Image Difference",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Kresimir
Matkovic",
year = "1998",
note = "In Computer Graphics Forum 17(3), pp.C/233-C/241, Blackwell,
Oxford, Sept. 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Neumann-1998-Per/",
}
@misc{Neumann-1998-The,
title = "The Constant Radiance Term",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Jan
Prikryl and Attila Neumann",
year = "1998",
note = "In Machine, Graphics and Vision, No. 7(3), pp.535-549,
Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Neumann-1998-The/",
}
@misc{Tobler-1998-Anew,
title = "A new Form Factor Analogy and its Application to Stochastic
Global Illumination Algorithms",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Mateu
Sbert and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "1998",
note = "In Rendering Techniques 98, Springer-Verlag, Wien, 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Tobler-1998-Anew/",
}
@misc{Tobler-1998-Lin,
title = "Linearly Combining Shading Models for Texturing in Global
Illumination Algorithms",
author = "S. Hynst and Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler",
year = "1998",
note = "In Proceedings of the WinterSchool of Computer Graphics,
Plzen, Czech Republic, February 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Tobler-1998-Lin/",
}
@misc{Szirmay-1998-Qua,
title = "Quasi-Monte Carlo Global Light Tracing with Infinite Number
of Rays",
author = "T. F\'{o}ris and Werner Purgathofer and L\'{a}szl\'{o}
Szirmay-Kalos",
year = "1998",
note = "In proceedings of WSCG98, Plzen, 1998.",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1998/Szirmay-1998-Qua/",
}
@techreport{Neumann-1997-PBCID,
title = "Perception Based Color Image Difference",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Kresimir Matkovic and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1997",
abstract = "A good image metric is often needed in digital image
synthesis. It can be used to check the convergence behavior
in progressive methods, to compare images rendered using
various rendering methods etc. Since images are rendered to
be observed by humans, an image metric should correspond to
human perception as well. We propose here a new algorithm
which operates in the original image space. There is no need
for Fourier or wavelet transforms. Furthermore, the new
metric is view distance dependent. The new method uses the
contrast sensitivity function\cite{[MANN74]}. The main idea
is to place a number of various rectangles in images, and to
compute the CIE LUV average color difference between
corresponding rectangles. Errors are then weighted according
to the rectangle size and the contrast sensitivity function.",
month = dec,
number = "TR-186-2-97-21",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "image comparisson, perception based rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Neumann-1997-PBCID/",
}
@techreport{Kopp-1997-MRM,
title = "Multi-Resolution Image Morphing",
author = "Manfred Kopp and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1997",
abstract = "The proposed technique extends conventional image morphing
algorithms by offering additional control over the
processing of the individual multi-resolutions that are used
in the wavelet representation when moving from the source to
the destination image. This gives the animator the
possibility to introduce a disparity between the morphing of
global and detail features that can lead to interesting new
effects that are not achievable with traditional methods.
The calculation of an intermediate image in conventional
image morphing algorithms is done in three steps: firstly
the determination of feature correspondence and of an
intermediate feature geometry, secondly the warping of the
source and the destination images to intermediate images
that match the feature geometry, and finally the blending of
the two warped images. The proposed algorithm alters the
third step by making the blending dependent on the
multi-resolution levels using a new specialized 2D wavelet
transformation.",
month = oct,
number = "TR-186-2-97-20",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "Animation, Image Morphing, Wavelets",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Kopp-1997-MRM/",
}
@techreport{Wilkie-1997-PRL,
title = "Photon Radiosity Lightmaps for CSG Solids",
author = "Alexander Wilkie and Robert F. Tobler and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1997",
abstract = "We propose a technique that enables one to exploit the
inherent ability of stochastic radiosity algorithms to work
correctly in the presence of arbitrary CSG intersections.
With such radiosity algorithms the common approach to
storing the illumination over a surface is to attach
so--called {\em lightmaps} to them. By suitably splitting
those lightmap elements at set--up time that are partitioned
in some way by CSG intersections, we create an environment
where a photon simulation can be performed without any
modifications to the algorithm and little run--time penalty.",
month = sep,
number = "TR-186-2-97-19",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "CSG, functional radiosity, stochastic radiosity, lightmaps",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Wilkie-1997-PRL/",
}
@techreport{Purgathofer-1997-SNT,
title = "Selected New Trends in Scientific Visualization",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Helwig L\"{o}ffelmann",
year = "1997",
abstract = "Visualization became an important branch of scientific
research during the past decade. Some topics of
visualization, for example, flow visualization and volume
visualization, already provide lots of high-quality
solutions to the most important problems. Others as, e.g.,
information visualization, are rather young disciplines
which continuously provide lots of new advances. One such
topic is the visualization over the Internet. Quite a number
of approaches emerged during the last two years which
facilitate this idea and embed the World Wide Web into the
visualization process. Another trend in visualization is
collaborative visualization within an augmented reality
setup. Users exploit real 3D interaction and augmented
reality to combine communication and investigation during
research or education. Thirdly, the visualization of
multi-dimensional and multi-modal data is a rather hot
challenge to current scientific research. Coping with the
restriction of just a few dimensions for representing
visualization results is a big open problem in
visualization and currently subject to eager research.",
month = sep,
number = "TR-186-2-97-17",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "Visualization, web technologies, augmented reality,
information visualization",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Purgathofer-1997-SNT/",
}
@inproceedings{tobler97_hsdasr,
title = "A Hierarchical Subdivision Algorithm for Stochastic
Radiosity Methods",
author = "Robert F. Tobler and Alexander Wilkie and Martin Feda and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1997",
abstract = "The algorithm proposed in this paper uses a stochastic
approach to incrementally calculate the illumination
function over a surface. By tracking the illumination
function at different levels of meshing resolution, it is
possible to get a measure for the quality of the current
representation, and to adoptively subdivide in places with
inadequate accuracy. With this technique a hierarchical mesh
that is based on the stochastic evaluation of global
illumination is generated.",
month = jun,
publisher = "Springer Wien",
organization = "Eurographics",
address = "St. Etienne, France",
editor = "Julie Dorsey and Philipp Slusallek",
booktitle = "Eurographics Rendering Workshop 1997",
pages = "193--204",
keywords = "radiosity, monte carlo methods",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/tobler97_hsdasr/",
}
@techreport{Kresimir-1997-STMT,
title = "A Survey of Tone Mapping Techniques",
author = "Kresimir Matkovic and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1997",
abstract = "This paper gives a survey of tone mapping techniques usid
with global illumination models. Linear and non-linear
methods are compared, and drawbacks and strengths of all
methods are given according to the authors' opinions. The
tone mapping is an important step in the rendering process,
and this survey can help potentional users to choose the
right mapping technique for a particular purpose.",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-97-12",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "color mapping, global illumination, tone mapping",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Kresimir-1997-STMT/",
}
@techreport{Kresimir-1997-ILMCG,
title = "Incident Light Metering in Computer Graphics",
author = "Kresimir Matkovic and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Attila
Neumann and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1997",
abstract = "Every rendering process consists of two steps. The first is
the computing of luminance values by methods like ray
tracing or radiosity, and the second step is the mapping of
the computed values to values appropriate for displaying. In
the last years, as alternative to simple linear scaling
which maps the average value to the medium lumninance, some
new ways of mapping were introduced. These new methods are
based on photography analogies and on human vision models.
All existing methods follow, implicitly or explicitly, the
reflected light metering principle. The method introduced in
this paper is the first that follows the incident light
metering used in professional photography and in the movie
industry. Actually the irradiances are measured using a set
of diffusors, which are placed automatically in the scene,
and a linear scale factor based on these measurements is
used to map the computed radiances to the display device.
The diffusors act as half space integrators, they collect
the light energy from all half space directions. The light
comes from the primary light sources, or it is the result of
various interreflections. The newly introduced method
reproduces original colors faithfully even for scenes with
very low or very high average reflectivity.Every rendering
process consists of two steps. The first is the computing of
luminance values by methods like ray tracing or radiosity,
and the second step is the mapping of the computed values to
values appropriate for displaying. In the last years, as
alternative to simple linear scaling which maps the average
value to the medium lumninance, some new ways of mapping
were introduced. These new methods are based on photography
analogies and on human vision models. All existing methods
follow, implicitly or explicitly, the reflected light
metering principle. The method introduced in this paper is
the first that follows the incident light metering used in
professional photography and in the movie industry. Actually
the irradiances are measured using a set of diffusors, which
are placed automatically in the scene, and a linear scale
factor based on these measurements is used to map the
computed radiances to the display device. The diffusors act
as half space integrators, they collect the light energy
from all half space directions. The light comes from the
primary light sources, or it is the result of various
interreflections. The newly introduced method reproduces
original colors faithfully even for scenes with very low or
very high average reflectivity.",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-97-11",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "color mapping, global illumination, tone mapping",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1997/Kresimir-1997-ILMCG/",
}
@techreport{Wegenkittl-1996-AFR,
title = "Animating Flowfields: Rendering of Oriented Line Integral
Convolution",
author = "Rainer Wegenkittl and Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1996",
abstract = "Line Integral Convolution (LIC) is a common approach for the
visualization of vector fields. It is well suited for
visualizing the direction of a flow field, but it gives no
information about the orientation of the underlying vectors.
We introduce Oriented Line Integral Convolution (OLIC),
where direction as well as orientation are encoded within
the resulting image. This is achieved by using a low
frequency input texture and a ramp like (unisotropic)
convolution kernel. This method can be animated, whereby the
computation of so called pixel traces fastens the
calculation process. In the result section various OLICs
using simple and real-world vector fields are shown.",
month = dec,
number = "TR-186-2-96-23",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "flowfield visualization, line integral convolution",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Wegenkittl-1996-AFR/",
}
@techreport{loeffelmann-1996-CVA,
title = "Classifying the Visualization of Analytically Specified
Dynamical Systems",
author = "Helwig L\"{o}ffelmann and Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Rainer
Wegenkittl and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1996",
abstract = "In this paper we suggest a classification of visualization
techniques for analytically specified dynamical systems into
four different approaches. We distinguish between local
properties, the topology of behavior, global properties, and
classes of dynamical systems with respect to various topics
of visualization. By presenting advanced visualization
techniques that we applied during three recent projects, we
discuss their embedding within the classification scheme The
dynamical systems visualized are the ``Dynastic Cycle'',
which is a model for rise and fall of dynasties in ancient
China, the ``Wonderland'' model, that simulates the
interactions of population growth, economic activities, and
environmental pollution, and a model for mixed-mode
oscillations, which occurs in chemistry. ",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-96-15",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "visualization, dynamical systems",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/loeffelmann-1996-CVA/",
}
@techreport{loeffelmann-1996-SVM,
title = "Streamarrows: Visualizing Multiple Layers of
Streamsurfaces",
author = "Helwig L\"{o}ffelmann and Lukas Mroz and Eduard Gr\"{o}ller
and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1996",
abstract = "Occlusion is a crucial spatial cue for the human visual
system. Painters as well as researchers in the field of
computer graphics have been dealing with this aspect for a
long time. In the field of visualization occlusion can be
especially problematic. We present a new approach to dealing
with streamsurfaces that occlude major parts of the system
representation. Analyzing mixed-mode oscillations, which are
a special class of analytically defined dynamical systems,
we came across geometrically complex streamsurfaces with
curly shape. Certain regions of these surfaces, that are
necessary to describe the behavior of the system, occlude
major parts of the model. We combined and adopted several
visualization techniques to deal with this problem.
Streamarrows, which are semi-transparent portions of the
streamsurface, allow the viewer to see through and diminish
the problem of occlusion. Cross-sections and the removal of
certain portions of the model reduce occlusion as well and
thus improve visual perception. Choosing the shape of an
arrow for segmentation allows to visualize even more
information at the streamsurface, e.g., the direction of the
flow. An anisotropic spot noise texture is further used to
emphasize flow within a streamsurface. Finally animation
techniques were applied to facilitate the interpretation of
dynamical systems with complex shaped
streamsurfaces.",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-96-12",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "flow visualization, streamsurfaces, complex dynamical
systems, mixed-mode oscillations",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/loeffelmann-1996-SVM/",
}
@techreport{wegenkittl-1996-GTW,
title = "A Guided Tour to Wonderland: Visualizing the Slow-Fast
Dynamics of an Analytical Dynamical System",
author = "Rainer Wegenkittl and Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1996",
abstract = "The analysis of complex dynamical systems produces large
amounts of data that have to be interpreted efficiently.
Visualizing the phase space of such systems illustrates
geometrically the behavior of the underlying dynamics. This
work investigates the visualization of Wonderland, a four
dimensional econometric model, which describes interactions
between population growth, economic activity and
environmental implications. Wonderland belongs to a class of
interesting dynamical systems with a pronounced slow-fast
dynamics, i.e., some variables are changing much faster than
others. Furthermore the behavior of the Wonderland model is
characterized by manifolds which are not streamsurfaces,
i.e., the flow does not stay within these surfaces. This
paper discusses the application and adaptation of various
visualization techniques to analytical dynamical systems
with special properties as mentioned above.",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-96-11",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "vector field visualization, complex dynamical systems",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/wegenkittl-1996-GTW/",
}
@techreport{Tobler-1996-HSA,
title = "A Hierarchical Subdivision Algorithm for Stochastic
Radiosity Methods",
author = "Robert F. Tobler and Martin Feda and Werner Purgathofer and
Alexander Wilkie",
year = "1996",
abstract = "Stochastic radiosity methods have become a standard tool for
generating global illumination solutions for very large
scenes. Unfortunately, these methods need scene descriptions
that are premeshed to a very fine resolution, in order to
compute an adequate solution of the global illumination. The
algorithm proposed in this paper uses a stochastic Galerkin
approach to incrementally calculate the illumination
function. By tracking the illumination function at different
levels of resolution it is possible to get a measure for the
quality of the representation, and thus adaptively subdivide
in places with inadequate accuracy. With this technique a
hierarchical mesh is generated, that is based on the
stochastic evaluation of global
illumination.",
month = apr,
number = "TR-186-2-96-14",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "radiosity, stochastic, Monte Carlo, hierarchical, Galerkin,
density estimation",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Tobler-1996-HSA/",
}
@techreport{Neumann-1996-AEC,
title = "Automatic Exposure in Computer Graphics based on the
Minimum Information Loss Principle",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Kresimir Matkovic and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1996",
abstract = "The available contrast of common display devices is much
lower than image data often demand. Usually a variant of an
average of the field of view is used to normalize the image.
In this paper an alternative approach will be taken to
define the mapping of rendered values to the displayable
intensity range. The luminance range is chosen such that a
minimum amount of information is lost, thereby preserving
the contrast ratio of all correctly displayed parts. The
loss of information can be regulated by different error
functions. The introduced method can be applied on the
color and gray scale images",
month = mar,
number = "TR-186-2-96-08",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "color mapping",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1996/Neumann-1996-AEC/",
}
@techreport{Tobler-1995-AAC,
title = "ACSGM -- An adaptive CSG meshing algorithm",
author = "Robert F. Tobler and Thomas Galla and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1995",
abstract = "We present a new algorithm, called ACSGM (which is short for
Adaptive CSG Mesher), that converts scenes in CSG
representation into a boundary representation composed of
triangles. The algorithm is based on the marching cubes
algorithm, but instead of working at a fixed resolution, the
size of the cubes used in the meshing process is changed
adaptively. While the marching cubes algorithm, which
calculates the vertices of the triangles of the final mesh
using linear interpolation, ACSGM uses ray casting for this
computation. This approach not only produces exact vertices
but provides some additional information (e.g.\ the normal
vectors in these vertices) that can be used to generate a
more accurate approximation of the CSG object by the final
mesh.",
month = dec,
number = "TR-186-2-95-13",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "CSG, meshing, hierarchical",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Tobler-1995-AAC/",
}
@techreport{Tobler-1995-BGD,
title = "BABEL: A Generic Data structure for Geometric Modeling",
author = "Robert F. Tobler and Helwig L\"{o}ffelmann and Thomas Galla
and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1995",
abstract = "We present a basic data structure for geometric data which
can be adapted to represent common geometry representations
like CSG, BSP, aso. The new data structure has been designed
to be easy to use, and easy to extend. Due to the
representation of geometric data using a directed acyclic
graph, a number of the standard rendering algorithms can be
used on the data structure in a very straightforward way.
The new data structure has been implemented as a C++ library
and can therefore serve as high-level tool for developing
graphics applications, or as an extension for using C++ as a
modeling language.",
month = nov,
number = "TR-186-2-95-07",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "data structure, C++, geometric modeling",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Tobler-1995-BGD/",
}
@incollection{neumann-1995-anew,
title = "A New Stochastic Radiosity Method for Highly Complex Scenes",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Martin Feda and Manfred Kopp and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1995",
month = aug,
booktitle = "In Photorealistic Rendering Techniques",
editor = "G. Sakas, P. Shirley, S. M\"{u}ller",
isbn = "3540584757",
publisher = "Springer",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/neumann-1995-anew/",
}
@inproceedings{zeiller-1995-effi,
title = "Efficient Collision Detection for General CSG Objects",
author = "Michael Zeiller and Werner Purgathofer and Michael Gervautz",
year = "1995",
month = aug,
location = "Wien, Austria",
editor = "D. Thalmann, D. Terzopoulos",
booktitle = "Computer Animation' 95",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/zeiller-1995-effi/",
}
@inproceedings{elias-1995-view,
title = "View Dependent Solution for Monte Carlo Progressive
Refinement Radiosity",
author = "Pavol Elias and Attila Neumann and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1995",
month = may,
location = "Bratislava, Slovakia",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 11th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/elias-1995-view/",
}
@inproceedings{purgathofer-1995-gen,
title = "Generating Semi-Stochastic Threshold Matrices for Ordered
Dithering",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler and Manfred Geiler",
year = "1995",
month = may,
note = "TALK: W. Purgathofer 30.5.1995",
location = "Bratislava, Slovakia",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 11th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/purgathofer-1995-gen/",
}
@techreport{Groeller-1995-CCG,
title = "Coherence in Computer Graphics",
author = "Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1995",
abstract = "Coherence denotes similarities between items or entities. It
describes the extent to which these items or entities are
locally constant. An introduction to coherence and a survey
of various types of coherence, that are used in computer
graphics, are given. Techniques and data structures for
exploiting coherence in computer graphics are described.
Incremental techniques, bounding volume schemes, subdivision
techniques and several geometric data structures are
discussed in more detail. Applications of coherence
principles to computer graphics are treated and a survey
of previous research is done.",
month = mar,
number = "TR-186-2-95-04",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "coherence, computer graphics, incremental techniques,
bounding volumes, subdivision",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Groeller-1995-CCG/",
}
@article{tobler-1995-vega,
title = "VEGA: Vienna Environment for Graphics Applications",
author = "Robert F. Tobler and Helwig L\"{o}ffelmann and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1995",
month = feb,
journal = "Proceedings of Winter School on Compuer Graphics (WSCG)",
note = "TALK: R. Tober",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/tobler-1995-vega/",
}
@techreport{Neumann-1995-SRM,
title = "The Stochastic Ray Method for Radiosity",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Robert F.
Tobler and Attila Neumann and Pavol Elias and Martin Feda
and Xavier Pueyo",
year = "1995",
abstract = "This paper solves the system of radiosity equations with a
numerical approach rather than with a physical
interpretation as most current algorithms do. Due to the
high complexity of the problem for highly complex scenes, a
stochastic variation of Jacobi iteration is developed which
converges stochastically to the correct solution. The new
method, called Stochastic Ray Method, is a significant
improvement of Stochastic Radiosity. A large number of
independent rays is chosen stochastically by importance
sampling of the patches according to their power after the
previous iteration step. They all carry an equal amount of
power into random directions, thereby representing together
the total energy interreflection of the entire environment
in a stochastic manner. Assuming a correctly distributed
initial solution, which can be reached easily, the iteration
process converges quickly and reduces the error in the
result faster than other stochastic radiosity approaches.
The new algorithm can easily be extended to treat various
phenomena which are normally rather costly to incorporate in
radiosity environments: specular reflection and specular
transmittance, non-diffuse emission and
point light sources.",
month = jan,
number = "TR-186-2-95-3",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "rendering, radiosity, stochastic, raytracing",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/Neumann-1995-SRM/",
}
@inproceedings{neumann-1995-the,
title = "The Stochastic Ray Method for Radiosity",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Robert F.
Tobler and Attila Neumann and Pavol Elias and Martin Feda
and Xavier Pueyo",
year = "1995",
note = "TALK: M. Feda 13.5.1995",
location = "Wien, Austria",
editor = "P. Hanrahan, W. Purgathofer",
booktitle = "Rendering Techniques",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/neumann-1995-the/",
}
@incollection{purgathofer-1995-csg,
title = "CSG based Collision Detection",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Michael Zeiller",
year = "1995",
booktitle = "Graphics & Robotics",
editor = "W. Strasser, F. Wahl",
publisher = "Springer- Verlag",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/purgathofer-1995-csg/",
}
@incollection{purgathofer-1995-imp,
title = "Improved Matrices for Ordered Dithering",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler and Manfred Geiler",
year = "1995",
booktitle = "Graphics Gems V",
editor = "Alan Paeth",
publisher = "Academic Press",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1995/purgathofer-1995-imp/",
}
@techreport{Kopp-1994-EMF,
title = "Efficient 3x3 Median Filter Computations",
author = "Manfred Kopp and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1994",
abstract = "This Paper presents an efficient algorithm for median
filtering with a 3x3 filter kernel with only about 9
comparisons per pixel using spatial coherence between
neighbouring filter computations. The basic algorithm
calculates two medians in one step and reuses sorted slices
of three vertical neighbouring pixels. An extension of this
algorithm for 2D spatial coherence is also examined, which
calculates four medians per step. Even though theoretical
results would yield 5% performance increase compared to the
basic algorithm, experimental results showed less
significant increase or even worse
performance dependent on the hardware.",
month = dec,
number = "TR-186-2-94-18",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "image processing, filtering, 3x3 median kernel, spatial
coherence",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/Kopp-1994-EMF/",
}
@inproceedings{ferschin-1994-comp,
title = "A Comparision of Techniques for the Transformation of
Radiosity Values to Monitor Colors",
author = "Peter Ferschin and Ingeborg Tastl and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1994",
month = nov,
note = "TALK: I. Tastl 16.11.1994",
location = "Austin, Texas",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 1st IEEE International Conference on Image
Processing",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/ferschin-1994-comp/",
}
@techreport{Purgathofer-1994-FRD,
title = "Forced Random Dithering: Improved Threshold
Matrices for Ordered Dithering",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler and Manfred Geiler",
year = "1994",
abstract = "This paper examines the possibilities of improving
halftoning techniques using dispersed dots. This corresponds
to finding micro-dot distributions that approximate the
intensity levels that have to be rendered. A widely used
halftoning method is ordered dithering, which uses a
threshold matrix to decide if a micro-dot should be set in
the output image. A way to generate improved threshold
matrices for ordered dithering will be introduced that
avoids unwanted low-frequency portions without introducing
too much random noise into the rendered image. Since the
presented method produces images of high quality it is
ideally suited for output generation in high-end
image processing systems.",
month = nov,
number = "TR-186-2-94-15",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "digital halftoning, ordered dithering, threshold matrix",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/Purgathofer-1994-FRD/",
}
@techreport{Neumann-1994-SRM,
title = "The Stochastic Ray Method for Radiosity",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Werner Purgathofer and Robert F.
Tobler and Attila Neumann and Pavol Elias and Martin Feda
and Xavier Pueyo",
year = "1994",
abstract = "THIS TECHNICAL REPORT IS OUTDATED AND HAS BEEN SUPERSEDED BY
TR-186-2-95-3. This paper presents an efficient radiosity
algorithm for highly complex scenes. The new iteration
method, which is based on the Stochastic Shooting Method,
uses ray tracing to implicitly calculate form factors. The
variance in the solution is reduced by using a
self-correcting, stochastically converging iteration
formula. The new algorithm can be easily extended to
simulate various phenomena normally not found in radiosity
environments: transparency, specular reflection and point
light-sources.",
month = nov,
number = "TR-186-2-94-17",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/Neumann-1994-SRM/",
}
@inproceedings{purgathofer-1994-for,
title = "Forced Random Dithering: Improved Threshold Matrices for
Ordered Dithering",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Robert F. Tobler and Manfred Geiler",
year = "1994",
month = nov,
organization = "1st IEEE International Conference on Image Processing",
location = "Austin, Texas",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 1st IEEE International Conference on Image
Processing",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/purgathofer-1994-for/",
}
@techreport{Tobler-1994-VEG,
title = "VEGA: Vienna Environment for Graphics Applications",
author = "Robert F. Tobler and Helwig L\"{o}ffelmann and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1994",
abstract = "This paper presents a software development environment for
rendering applications. The main parts of this environment
are a set of rules concerning the coding style, a set of
tools to maintain source files and a number of libraries
providing graphics functionality. The environment has been
succesfully used in a number of internal
projects, dealing with rendering.",
month = nov,
number = "TR-186-2-94-6",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "graphics library, software engineering, C++",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/Tobler-1994-VEG/",
}
@article{feda-1994-med,
title = "A Median Cut Algorithm for Efficient Sampling of Radiosity
Functions",
author = "Martin Feda and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1994",
month = sep,
journal = "Computer Graphics Forum, Proceedings of Eurographics '94",
volume = "13",
number = "3",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/feda-1994-med/",
}
@inproceedings{feda-1994-eff,
title = "Efficient Realistic Image Synthesis by Parallel Monte Carlo
Radiosity on Transputers",
author = "Martin Feda and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1994",
month = sep,
publisher = "IOS Press",
organization = "World Transputer Congress'94",
location = "Cernobbio, Italy",
booktitle = "Transputer Applications and Systems '94, Proceeding of the
World Transputer Congress'94",
pages = "--5.9.2005",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/feda-1994-eff/",
}
@techreport{Purgathofer-1994-CPI,
title = "A Collection of Papers of the Institute of Computer
Graphics",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Martin Feda and Michael Gervautz and
Robert Devide and Werner Petricek and Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and
Helwig L\"{o}ffelmann and Michael Zeiller and A. Vesel",
year = "1994",
abstract = "This is the first technical report of the Institute of
Computer Graphics at the Technical University of Vienna. It
contains papers published by our research group between 1992
and 1993 providing an overview of our work during that
time.",
month = aug,
number = "TR-186-2-94-1",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
institution = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
note = "human contact: technical-report@cg.tuwien.ac.at",
keywords = "computer graphics, visualization, animation, radiosity,
monte carlo, multi media, nonlinear ray tracing, coherence,
collision detection",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/Purgathofer-1994-CPI/",
}
@inproceedings{neumann-1994-new,
title = "A New Stochastic Radiosity Method for Highly Complex Scenes",
author = "L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Martin Feda and Manfred Kopp and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1994",
month = jun,
organization = "Fifth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
note = "TALK: W. Purgathofer 14.6.1994",
booktitle = "Proceedings of Fifth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/neumann-1994-new/",
}
@inproceedings{purgathofer-1994-rad,
title = "Radiosity for very Complex Scenes",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and L\'{a}szl\'{o} Neumann and Martin
Feda and Manfred Kopp",
year = "1994",
month = jun,
organization = "International Conference on Computer Graphics ICCG",
note = "TALK: W. Purgathofer 7.6.1994",
location = "Comenius University of Bratislava, Slovakia",
booktitle = "Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Graphics
ICCG",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/purgathofer-1994-rad/",
}
@article{elias-1994-mont,
title = "Monte Carlo Radiosity using Piecewise Cubic Illumination
Functions",
author = "Pavol Elias and Martin Feda and Peter Ferschin and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1994",
month = jan,
journal = "Proceedings of the Winter School of Computer Graphics",
note = "Plzen, Czech Republic",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1994/elias-1994-mont/",
}
@article{tastl-1993-int,
title = "An interactive Tool for the Visualization of Cathode-Ray
Tube Monitor Gamuts",
author = "Ingeborg Tastl and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
month = oct,
journal = "Displays",
number = "4",
volume = "14",
pages = "223--226",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/tastl-1993-int/",
}
@inproceedings{feda-1993-prog,
title = "Progressive Ray Refinement for Monte Carlo Radiosity",
author = "Martin Feda and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
month = jun,
publisher = "Consolidation Express Publishers",
location = "Paris, Frankreich",
editor = "F. Jansen, A. Chalmers, F. Sillion",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 4th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/feda-1993-prog/",
}
@inproceedings{vesel-1993-rad,
title = "Radiosity Computation in Flatland using a Monte Carlo
Approach with extended Rays",
author = "A. Vesel and Martin Feda and Michael Gervautz and Werner
Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
month = jun,
location = "Budmerice, Slovakia",
booktitle = "Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Graphics
ICCG'93",
pages = "181--194",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/vesel-1993-rad/",
}
@inproceedings{groeller-1993-eff,
title = "Efficiency in Computer Graphics: Coherence Principles",
author = "Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
month = jun,
location = "Budmerice, Slovakia",
booktitle = "Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Graphics
ICCG'93",
pages = "26--31",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/groeller-1993-eff/",
}
@incollection{groeller-1993-coh,
title = "Coherence in Computer Graphics",
author = "Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
booktitle = "Visualization and Intelligent Design in Engineering and
Architecture",
editor = "Conner, Hernandez, Murthy, Power",
isbn = "1853122270",
publisher = "Elsevier Science Publishers",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/groeller-1993-coh/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1993-coh,
title = "Coherence in Computer Graphics",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
event = "conference VIDEA 93",
location = "Southampton, UK",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/purgathofer-1993-coh/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1993-monte,
title = "Monte Carlo Radiosity - Methoden",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
location = "University Hannover, Germany",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/purgathofer-1993-monte/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1993-the,
title = "The importance of Coherence for Rendering Algorithms",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
location = "University of Barcelona, Spain",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/purgathofer-1993-the/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1993-csg,
title = "CSG based Collision Detection",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1993",
event = "International Workshop on Graphics & Robotics",
location = "Schlo{\ss} Dagstuhl, Germany",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1993/purgathofer-1993-csg/",
}
@inproceedings{ferschin-1992-real,
title = "Realistische Bildgenerierung mittels Radiosity- Verfahren",
author = "Peter Ferschin and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1992",
month = nov,
location = "TU Wien",
booktitle = "1. Supercomputing-Tag",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1992/ferschin-1992-real/",
}
@inproceedings{purgathofer-1992-schatt,
title = "Schattierung von Innenr\"{a}umen mittels Computergraphik:
Ein \"{U}berblick",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Martin Feda",
year = "1992",
month = oct,
location = "Wien",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2. \"{O}sterr. CAAD/CACD Forum 92, OCG-
Schriftenreihe",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1992/purgathofer-1992-schatt/",
}
@inproceedings{feda-1992-acce,
title = "Accelerating Radiosity by Overshooting",
author = "Martin Feda and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1992",
month = may,
location = "Bristol, UK",
editor = "Alan Chalmers, Derek Paddon & Francois Sillion",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Third Euorgraphics Workshop on Rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1992/feda-1992-acce/",
}
@article{purgathofer-1992-fast,
title = "Fast Radiosity by Parallelization",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Michael Zeiller",
year = "1992",
journal = "Photorealism in Computer Graphics",
pages = "171--181",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1992/purgathofer-1992-fast/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1992-real,
title = "Realistische Bildgenerierung mittels Radiiosity-Verfahren",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1992",
event = "1. Supercomputing-Tag",
location = "TU Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1992/purgathofer-1992-real/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1992-rad,
title = "Radiosity- A Powerful Tool for Rendering",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1992",
location = "TU Prag",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1992/purgathofer-1992-rad/",
}
@inproceedings{groeller-1991-temp,
title = "Using Temporal and Spatial Coherence for Accelerating the
Calculation of Animation Sequences",
author = "Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1991",
month = sep,
publisher = "Elsevier Science Publishers",
organization = "Eurographics ",
note = "TALK: M. E. Gr\"{o}ller",
location = "Vienna, Austria",
booktitle = "Tagungsband von Eurographics",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1991/groeller-1991-temp/",
}
@inproceedings{feda-1991-prog,
title = "Progressive Refinement Radiosity on a Transputer Network",
author = "Martin Feda and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1991",
month = may,
organization = "2nd Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
note = "TALK: M. Feda",
location = "Barcelona, Spanien",
event = "2nd Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 2nd Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1991/feda-1991-prog/",
}
@inproceedings{tastl-1991-color,
title = "Color Spaces and Human Color Perception",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Ingeborg Tastl",
year = "1991",
month = may,
organization = "2nd Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
note = "TALK: I. Tastl",
location = "Barcelona, Spanien",
event = "2nd Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
booktitle = "Proceedings of 2nd Eurographics Workshop on Rendering",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1991/tastl-1991-color/",
}
@article{gervautz-1991-real,
title = "Realistic Image Synthesis with Computer Graphics",
author = "Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1991",
journal = "Digital Image Processing and Computer Graphics - Theory and
Applications",
note = "OCG- Schriftenreihe, Oldenbourg",
volume = "58",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1991/gervautz-1991-real/",
}
@inproceedings{purgathofer-1990-fast,
title = "Fast Radiosity by Parallelization",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Michael Zeiller",
year = "1990",
month = jun,
location = "Rennes, Frankreich",
event = "Eurographics Workshop on Photosimulation, Realism and
Physics in Computer Graphics",
booktitle = "Eurographics Workshop on Photosimulation, Realism and
Physics in Computer Graphics",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1990/purgathofer-1990-fast/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1990-dar,
title = "Realit\"{a}tsnahe Darstellung von Objekten mit Ray-Tracing
und Radiosity Verfahren",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1990",
event = "10. Jahrestagung der Swiss Computer Graphics Association,
Hotel International",
location = "Z\"{u}rich-Oerlikon",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1990/purgathofer-1990-dar/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1990-para,
title = "Parallel Image Rendering",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1990",
event = "Eingeladener Vortrag bei der Tagung Operations Research",
location = "Wien, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1990/purgathofer-1990-para/",
}
@misc{gervautz-1990-syn,
title = "Realistic Image Synthesis with Computer Graphics",
author = "Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1990",
note = "In OCG-Schriftenreihe, in Druck",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1990/gervautz-1990-syn/",
}
@inproceedings{purgathofer-1990-conf,
title = "Configuring transputers for ray-tracing. Applications of
Transputers 1",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Michael Zeiller",
year = "1990",
publisher = "IOS Press",
location = "Liverpool, UK",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on
Applicatons of Transputers",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1990/purgathofer-1990-conf/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1990-real,
title = "Realistische Bildsynthese und ihre Parallelisierung",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1990",
event = "Kolloquium am Institut f\"{u}r Informatik der
Universit\"{a}t Z\"{u}rich",
location = "Z\"{u}rich, Schweiz",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1990/purgathofer-1990-real/",
}
@inproceedings{griessmair-1989-def1,
title = "Deformation of Solids with Trivariate B-Splines",
author = "J Griessmair and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1989",
month = sep,
location = "North Holland, Hamburg",
editor = "FRA Hopgood, W. Strasser",
booktitle = "Proceedings fo Eurographics",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1989/griessmair-1989-def1/",
}
@misc{gervautz-1989-using,
title = "Using an Octree for Color Quantization",
author = "Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1989",
note = "Eingereicht f\"{u}r Technology News, DEC",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1989/gervautz-1989-using/",
}
@book{purgathofer-1989-adv,
title = "Advances in Computer Graphics V",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and J\"{u}rgen Sch\"{o}nhut",
year = "1989",
isbn = "3-540-51420-1",
pages = "221",
publisher = "Springer- Verlag",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1989/purgathofer-1989-adv/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1989-image,
title = "Image Synthesis and Shading",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1989",
event = "IBM Europe Institute",
location = "Garmisch Partenkirchen, BRD",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1989/purgathofer-1989-image/",
}
@inproceedings{gervautz-1989-real,
title = "Realism in Computer Graphics",
author = "Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1989",
location = "Hamburg, BRD",
event = "Eurographics Tutorial",
booktitle = "Tutorial Notes, Eurographics '89",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1989/gervautz-1989-real/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1989-comp,
title = "Computergraphik",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1989",
event = "Informatik- Referenten- Training f\"{u}r Dozenten des
P\"{a}dagogischen Institutes",
location = "Bildungshaus St. Bernhard, Wr. Neustadt",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1989/purgathofer-1989-comp/",
}
@article{groeller-1988-using,
title = "Using Tetrahedrons for Dithering Color Pictures",
author = "Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
month = jan,
journal = "Automatika",
note = "Jugoslawien",
number = "1-2/ 88",
volume = "29",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/groeller-1988-using/",
}
@article{barth-1988-pict,
title = "Picture Files for Hierarchically Structured Pictures",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Werner Purgathofer and T. Rainer",
year = "1988",
journal = "Computer & Graphics",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/barth-1988-pict/",
}
@incollection{gervautz-1988-entw,
title = "RISS- Ein Entwicklungssystem zur Generierung realistischer
Bilder",
author = "Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
booktitle = "Visualisierungstechniken und Algorithmen, Informatik
Fachberichte 182",
editor = "W. Barth",
publisher = "Springer Verlag, Berlin",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/gervautz-1988-entw/",
}
@incollection{gervautz-1988-simpl,
title = "A simple Method for Color Quantization: Octree Quantization",
author = "Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
booktitle = "New Trends in Computer Graphics",
publisher = "Springer Verlag, Berlin",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/gervautz-1988-simpl/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1988-dis,
title = "Display of Color Pictures",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
event = "DEC Research Center",
location = "Valbonne, Frankreich",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/purgathofer-1988-dis/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1988-opt,
title = "Optimale Ausn\"{u}tzung von Farbtafeln",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
event = "Vortrag auf Einladung der Kommission zur Besetzung eines
Informatik-Extraordinariates",
location = "TU Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/purgathofer-1988-opt/",
}
@inproceedings{purgathofer-1988-simple,
title = "A Simple Method for Color Quantization: Octree Quantization",
author = "Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
publisher = "Springer",
location = "Genf, Schweiz",
event = "Computer Graphics International",
editor = "Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann & Daniel Thalmann",
booktitle = "New Trends in Computer Graphics",
pages = "219--231",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/purgathofer-1988-simple/",
}
@misc{purgathofer-1988-vis,
title = "Visualisierung von 3D- Objekten",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
note = "Rostocker Informatik Berichte, DDR",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/purgathofer-1988-vis/",
}
@misc{barth-1988-konz,
title = "Konzepte und Implementierung von Bilddateien in PASCAL/Graph",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Werner Purgathofer and T. Rainer",
year = "1988",
note = "Institutsbericht des Instituts f\"{u}r Praktische
Informatik, Nr. 30, M\"{a}rz 1988",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/barth-1988-konz/",
}
@book{clauer-1988-austr,
title = "Austrographics '88",
author = "Alexander Clauer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
isbn = "3540503056",
pages = "--",
publisher = "Springer Verlag, Berlin",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/clauer-1988-austr/",
}
@talk{gervautz-1988-riss,
title = "RISS - Ein Entwicklungssystem f\"{u}r realistische Bilder",
author = "Michael Gervautz and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
event = "Minisymposium des Fachgespr\"{a}ches
Visualisierungstechniken und Algorithmen der GI",
location = "Wien, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/gervautz-1988-riss/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1988-gest,
title = "Gestaltung von Systemen der Visualisierung von 3D-Objekten
unter besonderer Ber\"{u}cksichtigung der Datenstrukturen",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
event = "Eingeladener Vortrag zur DIGRA'88 - Interaktive graphische
Systeme",
location = "K\"{u}hlungsborn (DDR)",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/purgathofer-1988-gest/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1988-real,
title = "Realistische Effekte in k\"{u}nstlichen Bildern",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
event = "Seminar Computer und Kunst",
location = "TU Wien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/purgathofer-1988-real/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1988-using,
title = "Using tetrahedrons for dithering color pictures",
author = "Eduard Gr\"{o}ller and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
event = "Third International Conference on Computer Graphics",
location = "Jugoslawien",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/purgathofer-1988-using/",
}
@talk{purgathofer-1988-was,
title = "Was ist graphische Datenverarbeitung",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1988",
event = "Biometrisches Kolloquium der Internationalen Biometrischen
Gesellschaft",
location = "Wien, Austria",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1988/purgathofer-1988-was/",
}
@inproceedings{heinzl-1987-unsch,
title = "Unscharfe Effekte in realistischen Bildern",
author = "G. Heinzl and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1987",
month = feb,
publisher = "R. Oldenbourg- Verlag",
note = "Band 37",
location = "Wien - M\"{u}nchen",
booktitle = "Tagungsband der 10. Tagung ",
pages = "255--269",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1987/heinzl-1987-unsch/",
}
@article{purgathofer-1987-schatt,
title = "Schattierungsmodelle in der Graphischen Datenverarbeitung",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and T. Rainer",
year = "1987",
journal = "CAD & Computergraphik",
number = "10",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1987/purgathofer-1987-schatt/",
}
@article{purgathofer-1987-ident,
title = "Identification in a high-level Graphics Programming Language",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1987",
journal = "Computer & Graphics",
number = "11",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1987/purgathofer-1987-ident/",
}
@article{purgathofer-1987-stat,
title = "A Statistical Method for Adaptive Stochastic Sampling",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1987",
journal = "Computer & Graphics",
note = "Pergamon Press, New York",
number = "11",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1987/purgathofer-1987-stat/",
}
@article{purgathofer-1986-erw,
title = "Erweiterung von Modula-2 um h\"{o}here graphische
Sprachelemente",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1986",
month = feb,
journal = "Software-Architektur und modulare Programmierung, Berichte
des German Chapter of the ACM",
number = "26",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1986/purgathofer-1986-erw/",
}
@book{clauer-1986-aust,
title = "Austographics'86",
author = "Alexander Clauer and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1986",
isbn = "3854030321",
pages = "286",
publisher = "R. Oldenbourg- Verlag",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1986/clauer-1986-aust/",
}
@incollection{purgathofer-1986-real,
title = "Realistische Bilder",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1986",
address = "Wiesbaden",
booktitle = "Handbuch der Modernen Datenverarbeitung",
number = "127",
publisher = "Forkel- Verlag",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1986/purgathofer-1986-real/",
}
@misc{purgathofer-1986-stoch,
title = "Stochastic Dithering",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1986",
note = "In Tagungsband der 2. \"{o}sterr. -Jugoslawischen
Computer-Graphik Tagung, Juni",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1986/purgathofer-1986-stoch/",
}
@misc{purgathofer-1986-dith,
title = "Dithering: Sch\"{o}ne Bilder mit wenigen Farben",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1986",
note = "In Berichte aus den Informatikinstituten (Hrsg. F.J.
Radermacher, M. Wirsing), Universit\"{a}t Passau, MIP-8604,
S. 185-195",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1986/purgathofer-1986-dith/",
}
@misc{purgathofer-1986-modula,
title = "Modula/Graph Handbuch",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and K. Spannagl",
year = "1986",
note = "Institutsbericht des Instituts f\"{u}r Praktische
Informatik, Nr. 29, Dezember 1986",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1986/purgathofer-1986-modula/",
}
@inproceedings{purgathofer-1986-stat,
title = "A Statistical Method for Adaptive Stochastic Sampling",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1986",
address = "North Holland",
booktitle = "Proceedings of Eurographics'86",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1986/purgathofer-1986-stat/",
}
@incollection{purgathofer-1985-allg,
title = "Ein allgemeiner graphischer Editor",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1985",
month = feb,
address = "Braunschweig - Wiesbaden",
booktitle = "Angewandte Informatik",
number = "2",
publisher = "Vieweg Verlag",
volume = "27",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1985/purgathofer-1985-allg/",
}
@book{purgathofer-1985-graph,
title = "Graphische Datenverarbeitung",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1985",
isbn = "--",
pages = "--",
publisher = "Springer Verlag, Wien - New York",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1985/purgathofer-1985-graph/",
}
@misc{purgathofer-1985-meth,
title = "Eine neue Methode in der Graphischen Datenverarbeitung:
Stochastisches Sampling",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1985",
note = "GI/ OCG/ \"{O}GI- Jahrestagung 1985, Informatik Fachberichte
Nr. 108, S. 406-417",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1985/purgathofer-1985-meth/",
}
@article{barth-1984-ident,
title = "Identifizieren beim graphischen Editieren",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1984",
month = jun,
journal = "CAD-Computergraphik und Konstruktion, Mitteilungen der
Austrian Computer Graphik Associatino ACGA",
number = "32",
pages = "2--7",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1984/barth-1984-ident/",
}
@phdthesis{purgathofer-1984-iden,
title = "Identifikation und verzerrende Skalierung f\"{u}r eine
h\"{o}here graphische Programmiersprache",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1984",
month = may,
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
school = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1984/purgathofer-1984-iden/",
}
@misc{barth-1984-ber,
title = "Berichte aus Informatikinstituten",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1984",
note = "Institutsbericht Nr. 22 des Instituts f\"{u}r Praktische
Informatik, TU Wien, Februar 1984",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1984/barth-1984-ber/",
}
@misc{barth-1984-pascal,
title = "PASCAL/Graph Handbuch Version 4.0",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Alexander Clauer and Michael Gervautz and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1984",
note = "Institutsbericht Nr. 24 des Instituts f\"{u}r Praktische
Informatik, TU Wien, August 1984",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1984/barth-1984-pascal/",
}
@article{purgathofer-1984-conc,
title = "The Concept of high-level Graphics Programming",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1984",
journal = "Automatika, Journal of the Yugoslav Commettee ETAN",
number = "25",
pages = "41--44",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1984/purgathofer-1984-conc/",
}
@article{purgathofer-1983-ausb,
title = "Ausbildung in graphischer Datenverarbeitung an der TU Wien
mit PASCAL/Graph",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1983",
month = aug,
journal = "CAD- Computergraphik und Konstruktion, Mitteilungen der ACGA",
number = "27",
pages = "26--27",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1983/purgathofer-1983-ausb/",
}
@article{barth-1983-devel,
title = "The Development of Graphics Application Systems with
PASCAL/Graph",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1983",
month = mar,
journal = "ICS'83, Berichte des German Chapter of the ACM (Hrsg. H.
Schneider)",
number = "13",
pages = "110--123",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1983/barth-1983-devel/",
}
@article{purgathofer-1983-stud,
title = "Das Studium der Informatik an der TU Wien",
author = "Werner Purgathofer and Gerald Futschek",
year = "1983",
journal = "Output - \"{O}sterreich",
number = "83",
volume = "4",
pages = "26--26",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1983/purgathofer-1983-stud/",
}
@misc{barth-1983-anw,
title = "Anwendung von PASCAL/Graph",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Alexander Clauer and Gerald Futschek and
Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1983",
note = "Institutsbericht Nr. 20 des Instituts f\"{u}r Praktische
Informatik, TU Wien, Juli 1983",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1983/barth-1983-anw/",
}
@misc{barth-1983-handb,
title = "PASCAL/Graph Handbuch",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1983",
note = "Institutsbericht Nr. 18 des Instituts f\"{u}r Praktische
Informatik, TU Wien, April 1983",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1983/barth-1983-handb/",
}
@incollection{barth-1982-neues,
title = "Neues von PASCAL/Bild",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1982",
month = sep,
booktitle = "Austrographics",
editor = "E. Huttar, J. Wei{\ss}",
publisher = "Schriftenreihe der OCG",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1982/barth-1982-neues/",
}
@inproceedings{barth-1982-graph,
title = "Die h\"{o}here graphische Programmiersprache PASCAL/Bild",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1982",
month = mar,
location = "M\"{u}nchen",
booktitle = "Tagungsband des 5. deutschsprachigen DECUS M\"{u}nchen
Symposiums",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1982/barth-1982-graph/",
}
@article{barth-1982-impl,
title = "Die Implementierung von PASCAL/Bild",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1982",
journal = "Implementierung PASCAL- artiger Programmiersprachen (Hrsg.
H. Langmack, B. Schlender, W. Schmidt), Berichte des German
Chapter of the ACM",
number = "11",
pages = "81--95",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1982/barth-1982-impl/",
}
@misc{barth-1982-prog,
title = "Graphische Programmierung mit PASCAL/Graph",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1982",
note = "In Robotik und Bildverarbeitung (Hrsg. F. Pichler, H.
Hellwagner), Studie der \"{o}sterreichischen
Studiengesellschaft f\"{u}r Kybernetik, OCG, Mai 1982",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1982/barth-1982-prog/",
}
@article{barth-1982-high,
title = "The high-level Graphics Programming Language PASCAL/Graph",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1982",
journal = "Computer & Graphics",
note = "Pergamon Press, New York",
number = "6",
pages = "109--119",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1982/barth-1982-high/",
}
@inproceedings{barth-1981-high,
title = "The high-level Graphics Programming Language PASCAL/Graph",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1981",
month = sep,
location = "North Holland",
editor = "J. Encarnacao",
booktitle = "Proceedings fo the Eurographics '81",
pages = "151--164",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1981/barth-1981-high/",
}
@article{barth-1981-schalt,
title = "Schaltplandialog in PASCAL/Bild",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer
and W. Bergmann and C. Kreuzberger and T. Sch\"{u}tz",
year = "1981",
month = sep,
journal = "diagramm, einzige \"{O}sterreichische Fachzeitschrift
f\"{u}r Datenverarbeitung und Organisation",
note = "11. Jahrgang",
number = "3",
pages = "52--53",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1981/barth-1981-schalt/",
}
@misc{barth-1981-benutzer,
title = "PASCAl/Bild Benutzerhandbuch",
author = "Wilhelm Barth and Josef Dirnberger and Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1981",
note = "Institutsbericht des Instituts f\"{u}r Praktische
Informatik, TU Wien, Juli 1981",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1981/barth-1981-benutzer/",
}
@mastersthesis{purgathofer-1980-ausgabe,
title = "Ein/Ausgabeprobleme an
Mikroprozessor-Bildschirm-Kombinationen",
author = "Werner Purgathofer",
year = "1980",
month = apr,
note = "Diplomarbeit am Institut f\"{u}r Informationssysteme, TU
Wien",
address = "Favoritenstrasse 9-11/E193-02, A-1040 Vienna, Austria",
school = "Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna
University of Technology ",
URL = "https://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/research/publications/1980/purgathofer-1980-ausgabe/",
}