Special Konversatorium on Friday, 9. April 2021, 10:30

During the treatment process of a patient the physician usually requests a Laboratory Report (e.g. a blood count) from the laboratory. The delivery of the Laboratory Report is ususally performed via fax or letter to the treating physician. The structured laboratory data, which were initially generated by the laboratory, are not available for the physician. Furthermore, the physician has to import the Laboratory Report manually to the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system. Thus, enabling the electronic data exchange between a laboratory and relevant healthcare providers improves the current treatment processes.The aim was the connection between a laboratory and an existing distributed Health Information Exchange (HIE), where several healthcare providers are connected to exchange medical documents via the Cross-Enterprise Document Sharing (XDS) profile. A challenge was to perform the integration transparently with existing established exchange mechanisms and interfaces. While the Laboratory Information System (LIS) sends laboratory data via Health Level 7 (HL7) V2 messages over Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), the HIE follows the document-based approach, and exchanges documents via XDS transactions over SOAP 1.2.A Clinical Data Repository (CDR) has been established for the storage and management of the laboratory data as Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) resources. Furthermore, a Health Service Bus (HSB) has been developed to support the communication between the LIS, the CDR, and the HIE participating systems and components. The Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) standard was used to create a structured laboratory document, which has been exchanged with the participating healthcare providers of the HIE. The HSB integrates translation engines, which are responsible for the mapping from HL7 V2 messages into FHIR resources and further from FHIR resources into CDA documents.The integration of the laboratory with the HIE was successful. An adequate mapping between the HL7 V2, FHIR, and CDA standards has been specified. Gaps between the particular standards have been identified and if necessary, an extension of the data structure has been defined. FHIR has proven its suitability as a flexible and robust storage format and its ability to provide the appropriate data structure to map laboratory data from HL7 V2 and convert FHIR resources to a CDA document.

Prior works on music composition with grammars tend to focus on the generation of sequential structures, such as melodies, harmonic progressions, and rhythmic patterns. While the natural form of the sentence is a sequence, this does not have to be reflected in the chronology of the piece. Shape grammar researchers have long internalized this perspective and use grammars to distribute geometric entities across multiple spatial dimensions. We take inspiration from these works and allow free placement of our musical entities on the timeline. With overlapping entities we can model chords, preludes, drum patterns, voices—polyphony on small and large scales. Beyond a foundational discussion of functional techniques for polyphonic composition with non-deterministic context-free grammars, we present the implementation and practical application of an automated composition system developed on these principles.